Pyrimidinyloxy benzene derivatives as herbicides

ABSTRACT

Disclosed are compounds of Formula 1, including all stereoisomers, N-oxides, and salts thereof,whereinQ, Z, R2, R3 and m are as defined in the disclosure.Also disclosed are compositions containing the compounds of Formula 1 and methods for controlling undesired vegetation comprising contacting the undesired vegetation or its environment with an effective amount of a compound or a composition of the invention.

FIELD OF THE INVENTION

This invention relates to certain pyrimidinyloxy benzene derivatives, their N-oxides, salts and compositions, and methods of their use for controlling undesirable vegetation.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

The control of undesired vegetation is extremely important in achieving high crop efficiency. Achievement of selective control of the growth of weeds especially in such useful crops as rice, soybean, sugar beet, maize, potato, wheat, barley, tomato and plantation crops, among others, is very desirable. Unchecked weed growth in such useful crops can cause significant reduction in productivity and thereby result in increased costs to the consumer. The control of undesired vegetation in noncrop areas is also important. Many products are commercially available for these purposes, but the need continues for new compounds that are more effective, less costly, less toxic, environmentally safer or have different sites of action.

JP 61236766 A (Sumitomo, 1986) discloses certain carbon-linked pyrimidinyloxy benzene derivatives as herbicides. WO 94/17059 (Nippon Soda, 1994) discloses certain carbon linked pyrimidinyloxy benzene derivative as herbicides.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

This invention is directed to compounds of Formula 1 (including all stereoisomers), (N-oxides, and salts thereof), agricultural compositions containing them and their use as herbicides:

-   -   Q is a 5- or 6-membered aromatic heterocylic ring, bound to the         remainder of Formula 1 through a carbon atom, and optionally         substituted with 1 to 4 R¹;     -   Z is O or S;     -   each R¹ is independently halogen, cyano, nitro, SF₅, CHO,         C(═O)NH₂, C(═S)NH₂, SO₂NH₂, C₁-C₄ alkyl, C₂-C₄ alkenyl, C₂-C₄         alkynyl, C₁-C₄ haloalkyl, C₂-C₄ haloalkenyl, C₂-C₄ haloalkynyl,         C₃-C₆ cycloalkyl, C₃-C₆ halocycloalkyl, C₄-C₈ alkylcycloalkyl,         C₄-C₈ cycloalkylalkyl, C₂-C₆ alkylcarbonyl, C₂-C₆         haloalkylcarbonyl, C₂-C₆ alkoxycarbonyl, C₃-C₇         cycloalkylcarbonyl, C₂-C₈ alkylaminocarbonyl, C₃-C₁₀         dialkylaminocarbonyl, C₁-C₄ alkoxy, C₃-C₄ alkenyloxy, C₃-C₄         alkynyloxy, C₁-C₄ haloalkoxy, C₃-C₄ haloalkenyloxy, C₃-C₄         haloalkynyloxy, C₃-C₆ cycloalkoxy, C₃-C₆ halocycloalkoxy, C₄-C₈         cycloalkylalkoxy, C₂-C₆ alkoxyalkyl, C₂-C₆ haloalkoxyalkyl,         C₂-C₆ alkoxyhaloalkyl, C₂-C₆ alkoxyalkoxy, C₂-C₄         alkylcarbonyloxy, C₂-C₆ cyanoalkyl, C₂-C₆ cyanoalkoxy, C₁-C₄         hydroxyalkyl, C₂-C₄ alkylthioalkyl, SO_(n)R^(1A), Si(CH₃)₃ or         B(—OC(R^(1B))₂C(R^(1B))₂O—); or a phenyl ring optionally         substituted with up to 5 substituents independently selected         from R^(1C); or a 5- or 6-membered heteroaromatic ring         containing ring members selected from carbon atoms and up to 4         heteroatoms independently selected from up to 2 O, up to 2 S and         up to 4 N atoms, each ring optionally substituted with up to 3         substituents independently selected from R^(1C) on carbon atom         ring members and R^(1D) on nitrogen atom ring members;     -   R² is halogen, cyano, nitro, C₁-C₄ alkoxy, C₁-C₄ alkyl, C₂-C₆         alkenyl, C₂-C₆ alkynyl, SO_(n)R^(2A), C₁-C₄ haloalkyl or C₃-C₆         cycloalkyl;     -   each R³ is independently halogen, cyano, hydroxy, nitro, amino,         CHO, C(═O)NH₂, C(═S)NH₂, SO₂NH₂, C₁-C₄ alkyl, C₂-C₄ alkenyl,         C₂-C₄ alkynyl, C₁-C₄ haloalkyl, C₂-C₄ haloalkenyl, C₂-C₄         haloalkynyl, C₃-C₆ cycloalkyl, C₃-C₆ halocycloalkyl, C₄-C₈         alkylcycloalkyl, C₄-C₈ cycloalkylalkyl, C₂-C₆ alkylcarbonyl,         C₂-C₆ haloalkylcarbonyl, C₂-C₆ alkoxycarbonyl, C₃-C₇         cycloalkylcarbonyl, C₁-C₄ alkoxy, C₃-C₄ alkenyloxy, C₃-C₄         alkynyloxy, C₁-C₄ haloalkoxy, C₃-C₄ haloalkenyloxy, C₃-C₄         haloalkynyloxy, C₃-C₆ cycloalkoxy, C₃-C₆ halocycloalkoxy, C₄-C₈         cycloalkylalkoxy, C₂-C₆ alkoxyalkyl, C₂-C₆ haloalkoxyalkyl,         C₂-C₆ alkoxyhaloalkyl, C₂-C₆ alkoxyalkoxy, C₂-C₄         alkylcarbonyloxy, C₂-C₆ cyanoalkyl, C₂-C₆ cyanoalkoxy, C₂-C₄         alkylthioalkyl, Si(CH₃)₃, C≡CSi(CH₃)₃, C(═O)N(R^(3A))(R^(3B)),         C(═NOR^(3C))H, C(═NR^(3D))H, SO_(n)R^(3E); or a phenyl ring         optionally substituted with up to 5 substituents independently         selected from R^(3F); or a 5- or 6-membered heteroaromatic ring         containing ring members selected from carbon atoms and up to 4         heteroatoms independently selected from up to 2 O, up to 2 S and         up to 4 N atoms, each ring optionally substituted with up to 3         substituents independently selected from R^(3F) on carbon atom         ring members and R^(3G) on nitrogen atom ring members; or         pyrimidinyloxy;     -   m is 0, 1, 2 or 3;     -   each n is independently 0, 1 or 2;     -   each R^(1A), R^(2A) and R^(3E) is independently C₁-C₄ alkyl,         C₁-C₄ haloalkyl, C₁-C₄ alkylamino or C₂-C₆ dialkylamino;     -   each R^(1B) is independently H or C₁-C₄ alkyl;     -   each R^(1C) is independently hydroxy, halogen, cyano, nitro,         C₁-C₆ alkyl, C₁-C₆ haloalkyl, C₁-C₆ alkoxy or C₁-C₆ haloalkoxy;     -   each R^(1D) is independently cyano, C₁-C₆ alkyl, C₁-C₆         haloalkyl, C₁-C₆ alkoxy or C₂-C₆ alkylcarbonyl;     -   each R^(3A) is independently C₁-C₄ alkyl or C₁-C₄ haloalkyl;     -   each R^(3B) is independently H, C₁-C₄ alkyl or C₁-C₄ haloalkyl;     -   each R^(3C) is independently H or C₁-C₄ alkyl;     -   each R^(3D) is independently H, amino, C₁-C₄ alkyl or C₁-C₄         alkylamino;     -   each R^(3F) is independently hydroxy, halogen, cyano, nitro,         C₁-C₆ alkyl, C₁-C₆ haloalkyl, C₁-C₆ alkoxy or C₁-C₆ haloalkoxy;         and     -   each R^(3G) is independently cyano, C₁-C₆ alkyl, C₁-C₆         haloalkyl, C₁-C₆ alkoxy or C₂-C₆ alkylcarbonyl;

More particularly, this invention pertains to a compound of Formula 1 (including all stereoisomers), an N-oxide or a salt thereof. This invention also relates to a herbicidal composition comprising a compound of the invention (i.e. in a herbicidally effective amount) and at least one component selected from the group consisting of surfactants, solid diluents and liquid diluents. This invention further relates to a method for controlling the growth of undesired vegetation comprising contacting the vegetation or its environment with a herbicidally effective amount of a compound of the invention (e.g., as a composition described herein).

This invention also includes a herbicidal mixture comprising (a) a compound selected from Formula 1, N-oxides, and salts thereof, and (b) at least one additional active ingredient selected from (b 1) through (b16); and salts of compounds of (b 1) through (b16).

DETAILS OF THE INVENTION

As used herein, the terms “comprises,” “comprising,” “includes,” “including,” “has,” “having,” “contains”, “containing,” “characterized by” or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, subject to any limitation explicitly indicated. For example, a composition, mixture, process or method that comprises a list of elements is not necessarily limited to only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such composition, mixture, process or method.

The transitional phrase “consisting of” excludes any element, step, or ingredient not specified. If in the claim, such would close the claim to the inclusion of materials other than those recited except for impurities ordinarily associated therewith. When the phrase “consisting of” appears in a clause of the body of a claim, rather than immediately following the preamble, it limits only the element set forth in that clause; other elements are not excluded from the claim as a whole.

The transitional phrase “consisting essentially of” is used to define a composition, process or method that includes materials, steps, features, components, or elements, in addition to those literally disclosed, provided that these additional materials, steps, features, components, or elements do not materially affect the basic and novel characteristic(s) of the claimed invention. The term “consisting essentially of” occupies a middle ground between “comprising” and “consisting of”.

Where applicants have defined an invention or a portion thereof with an open-ended term such as “comprising,” it should be readily understood that (unless otherwise stated) the description should be interpreted to also describe such an invention using the terms “consisting essentially of” or “consisting of.”

Further, unless expressly stated to the contrary, “or” refers to an inclusive or and not to an exclusive or. For example, a condition A or B is satisfied by any one of the following: A is true (or present) and B is false (or not present), A is false (or not present) and B is true (or present), and both A and B are true (or present).

Also, the indefinite articles “a” and “an” preceding an element or component of the invention are intended to be nonrestrictive regarding the number of instances (i.e. occurrences) of the element or component. Therefore “a” or “an” should be read to include one or at least one, and the singular word form of the element or component also includes the plural unless the number is obviously meant to be singular.

As referred to herein, the term “seedling”, used either alone or in a combination of words means a young plant developing from the embryo of a seed.

As referred to herein, the term “broadleaf” used either alone or in words such as “broadleaf weed” means dicot or dicotyledon, a term used to describe a group of angiosperms characterized by embryos having two cotyledons. As used herein, the term “alkylating agent” refers to a chemical compound in which a carbon-containing radical is bound through a carbon atom to a leaving group such as halide or sulfonate, which is displaceable by bonding of a nucleophile to said carbon atom. Unless otherwise indicated, the term “alkylating” does not limit the carbon-containing radical to alkyl; the carbon-containing radicals in alkylating agents include the variety of carbon-bound substituent radicals specified for Q, R¹ and R³.

In the above recitations, the term “alkyl”, used either alone or in compound words such as “alkylthio” or “haloalkyl” includes straight-chain or branched alkyl, such as, methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, i-propyl, or the different butyl, pentyl or hexyl isomers. “Alkenyl” includes straight-chain or branched alkenes such as ethenyl, 1-propenyl, 2-propenyl, and the different butenyl, pentenyl and hexenyl isomers. “Alkenyl” also includes polyenes such as 1,2-propadienyl and 2,4-hexadienyl. “Alkynyl” includes straight-chain or branched alkynes such as ethynyl, 1-propynyl, 2-propynyl and the different butynyl, pentynyl and hexynyl isomers.

“Alkoxy” includes, for example, methoxy, ethoxy, n-propyloxy, isopropyloxy and the different butoxy, pentoxy and hexyloxy isomers. “Alkoxyalkyl” denotes alkoxy substitution on alkyl. Examples of “alkoxyalkyl” include CH₃OCH₂, CH₃OCH₂CH₂, CH₃CH₂OCH₂, CH₃CH₂CH₂CH₂OCH₂ and CH₃CH₂OCH₂CH₂. “Alkenyloxy” includes straight-chain or branched alkenyloxy moieties. Examples of “alkenyloxy” include H₂C═CHCH₂O, (CH₃)₂C═CHCH₂O, (CH₃)CH═CHCH₂O, (CH₃)CH═C(CH₃)CH₂O and CH₂═CHCH₂CH₂O. “Alkynyloxy” includes straight-chain or branched alkynyloxy moieties. Examples of “alkynyloxy” include HC≡CCH₂O, CH₃C≡CCH₂O and CH₃C≡CCH₂CH₂O. “Alkylthio” includes branched or straight-chain alkylthio moieties such as methylthio, ethylthio, and the different propylthio, butylthio, pentylthio and hexylthio isomers. “Alkylthioalkyl” denotes alkylthio substitution on alkyl. Examples of “alkylthioalkyl” include CH₃SCH₂, CH₃SCH₂CH₂, CH₃CH₂SCH₂, CH₃CH₂CH₂CH₂SCH₂ and CH₃CH₂SCH₂CH₂. “Alkylthioalkoxy” denotes alkylthio substitution on alkoxy. “Cyanoalkyl” denotes an alkyl group substituted with one cyano group. Examples of “cyanoalkyl” include NCCH₂, NCCH₂CH₂ and CH₃CH(CN)CH₂. “Alkylamino”, “dialkylamino”, and the like, are defined analogously to the above examples.

“Cycloalkyl” includes, for example, cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl and cyclohexyl. The term “halogen”, either alone or in compound words such as “haloalkyl”, or when used in descriptions such as “alkyl substituted with halogen” includes fluorine, chlorine, bromine or iodine. Further, when used in compound words such as “haloalkyl”, or when used in descriptions such as “alkyl substituted with halogen” said alkyl may be partially or fully substituted with halogen atoms which may be the same or different. Examples of “haloalkyl” or “alkyl substituted with halogen” include F₃C, ClCH₂, CF₃CH₂ and CF₃CCl₂. The terms “haloalkoxy”, and the like, is defined analogously to the term “haloalkyl”. Examples of “haloalkoxy” include CF₃O—, CCl₃CH₂O—, HCF₂CH₂CH₂O— and CF₃CH₂O—. “Alkylcarbonyl” denotes a straight-chain or branched alkyl moieties bonded to a C(═O) moiety. Examples of “alkylcarbonyl” include CH₃C(═O)—, CH₃CH₂CH₂C(═O)— and (CH₃)₂CHC(═O)—. Examples of “alkoxycarbonyl” include CH₃OC(═O)—, CH₃CH₂OC(═O)—, CH₃CH₂CH₂OC(═O)—, (CH₃)₂CHOC(═O)— and the different butoxy- or pentoxycarbonyl isomers.

The total number of carbon atoms in a substituent group is indicated by the “C_(i)-C_(j)” prefix where i and j are numbers from 1 to 6. For example, C₁-C₄ alkylsulfonyl designates methylsulfonyl through butylsulfonyl; C₂ alkoxyalkyl designates CH₃OCH₂—; C₃ alkoxyalkyl designates, for example, CH₃CH(OCH₃)—, CH₃OCH₂CH₂— or CH₃CH₂OCH₂—; and C₄ alkoxyalkyl designates the various isomers of an alkyl group substituted with an alkoxy group containing a total of four carbon atoms, examples including CH₃CH₂CH₂OCH₂— and CH₃CH₂OCH₂CH₂—.

When a compound is substituted with a substituent bearing a subscript that indicates the number of said substituents can exceed 1, said substituents (when they exceed 1) are independently selected from the group of defined substituents, (e.g., (R³)_(n), n is 0, 1, 2 or 3). Further, when the subscript indicates a range, e.g. (R)_(i-j), then the number of substituents may be selected from the integers between i and j inclusive. When a group contains a substituent which can be hydrogen, for example (when m=0), then when this substituent is taken as hydrogen, it is recognized that this is equivalent to said group being unsubstituted. When a variable group is shown to be optionally attached to a position, (for example (R¹)_(n) attached to Q wherein n may be 0, then hydrogen may be at the position even if not recited in the variable group definition. When one or more positions on a group are said to be “not substituted” or “unsubstituted”, then hydrogen atoms are attached to take up any free valency.

Unless otherwise indicated, a “ring” as a component of Formula 1 (e.g., substituent Q) is carbocyclic or heterocyclic. The term “ring member” refers to an atom or heteroatom forming the backbone of a ring. When a fully unsaturated carbocyclic ring satisfies Hückel's rule, then said ring is also called an “aromatic ring”. “Saturated carbocyclic” refers to a ring having a backbone consisting of carbon atoms linked to one another by single bonds; unless otherwise specified, the remaining carbon valences are occupied by hydrogen atoms.

The terms “heterocyclic ring”, “heterocycle” denote a ring in which at least one atom forming the ring backbone is not carbon, e.g., nitrogen, oxygen or sulfur. Typically a heterocyclic ring contains no more than 4 nitrogens, no more than 2 oxygens and no more than 2 sulfurs. Unless otherwise indicated, a heterocyclic ring can be a saturated, partially unsaturated, or fully unsaturated ring. When a fully unsaturated heterocyclic ring satisfies Hückel's rule, then said ring is also called a “heteroaromatic ring” or “aromatic heterocyclic ring”. Unless otherwise indicated, heterocyclic rings can be attached through any available carbon or nitrogen by replacement of a hydrogen on said carbon or nitrogen.

“Aromatic” indicates that each of the ring atoms is essentially in the same plane and has a p-orbital perpendicular to the ring plane, and that (4n+2)π electrons, where n is a positive integer, are associated with the ring to comply with Hückel's rule.

The term “optionally substituted” in connection with the heterocyclic rings refers to groups which are unsubstituted or have at least one non-hydrogen substituent that does not extinguish the biological activity possessed by the unsubstituted analog. As used herein, the following definitions shall apply unless otherwise indicated. The term “optionally substituted” is used interchangeably with the phrase “substituted or unsubstituted” or with the term “(un)substituted.” Unless otherwise indicated, an optionally substituted group may have a substituent at each substitutable position of the group, and each substitution is independent of the other.

When Q is a 5- or 6-membered (nitrogen-containing) heterocyclic ring, it may be attached to the remainder of Formula 1 though any available carbon or nitrogen ring atom, unless otherwise described. As noted above, Q can be (among others) phenyl optionally substituted with one or more substituents selected from a group of substituents as defined in the Summary of the Invention. An example of phenyl optionally substituted with one to five substituents is the ring illustrated as U-1 in Exhibit 1, wherein R^(v) is R¹ as defined in the Summary of the Invention for Q and r is an integer (from 0 to 4).

As noted above, Q can be (among others) 5- or 6-membered aromatic heterocyclic ring, which may be saturated or unsaturated, optionally substituted with one or more substituents selected from a group of substituents as defined in the Summary of the Invention. Examples of a 5- or 6-membered unsaturated aromatic heterocyclic ring optionally substituted with from one or more substituents include the rings U-2 through U-61 illustrated in Exhibit 1 wherein R^(v) is any substituent as defined in the Summary of the Invention for Q (i.e. R¹) and r is an integer from 0 to 4, limited by the number of available positions on each U group. As U-29, U-30, U-36, U-37, U-38, U-39, U-40, U-41, U-42 and U-43 have only one available position, for these U groups r is limited to the integers 0 or 1, and r being 0 means that the U group is unsubstituted and a hydrogen is present at the position indicated by (R^(v))_(r).

Although R^(v) groups are shown in the structures U-1 through U-61, it is noted that they do not need to be present since they are optional substituents. Note that when R^(v) is H when attached to an atom, this is the same as if said atom is unsubstituted. The nitrogen atoms that require substitution to fill their valence are substituted with H or R^(v). Note that when the attachment point between (R^(v))_(r) and the U group is illustrated as floating, (R^(v))_(r) can be attached to any available carbon atom or nitrogen atom of the U group. Note that when the attachment point on the U group is illustrated as floating, the U group can be attached to the remainder of Formula 1 through any available carbon or nitrogen of the U group by replacement of a hydrogen atom. Note that some U groups can only be substituted with less than 4 R^(v) groups (e.g., U-2 through U-47 and U-52 through U-61).

A wide variety of synthetic methods are known in the art to enable preparation of aromatic and nonaromatic heterocyclic rings and ring systems; for extensive reviews see the eight volume set of Comprehensive Heterocyclic Chemistry, A. R. Katritzky and C. W. Rees editors-in-chief, Pergamon Press, Oxford, 1984 and the twelve volume set of Comprehensive Heterocyclic Chemistry II, A. R. Katritzky, C. W. Rees and E. F. V. Scriven editors-in-chief, Pergamon Press, Oxford, 1996.

Compounds of this invention can exist as one or more stereoisomers. The various stereoisomers include enantiomers, diastereomers, atropisomers and geometric isomers. Stereoisomers are isomers of identical constitution but differing in the arrangement of their atoms in space and include enantiomers, diastereomers, cis-trans isomers (also known as geometric isomers) and atropisomers. Atropisomers result from restricted rotation about single bonds where the rotational barrier is high enough to permit isolation of the isomeric species. One skilled in the art will appreciate that one stereoisomer may be more active and/or may exhibit beneficial effects when enriched relative to the other stereoisomer(s) or when separated from the other stereoisomer(s). Additionally, the skilled artisan knows how to separate, enrich, and/or to selectively prepare said stereoisomers. The compounds of the invention may be present as a mixture of stereoisomers, individual stereoisomers or as an optically active form.

Compounds of Formula 1 typically exist in more than one form, and Formula 1 thus include all crystalline and non-crystalline forms of the compounds they represent. Non-crystalline forms include embodiments which are solids such as waxes and gums as well as embodiments which are liquids such as solutions and melts. Crystalline forms include embodiments which represent essentially a single crystal type and embodiments which represent a mixture of polymorphs (i.e. different crystalline types). The term “polymorph” refers to a particular crystalline form of a chemical compound that can crystallize in different crystalline forms, these forms having different arrangements and/or conformations of the molecules in the crystal lattice. Although polymorphs can have the same chemical composition, they can also differ in composition due the presence or absence of co-crystallized water or other molecules, which can be weakly or strongly bound in the lattice. Polymorphs can differ in such chemical, physical and biological properties as crystal shape, density, hardness, color, chemical stability, melting point, hygroscopicity, suspensibility, dissolution rate and biological availability. One skilled in the art will appreciate that a polymorph of a compound of Formula 1 can exhibit beneficial effects (e.g., suitability for preparation of useful formulations, improved biological performance) relative to another polymorph or a mixture of polymorphs of the same compound of Formula 1. Preparation and isolation of a particular polymorph of a compound of Formula 1 can be achieved by methods known to those skilled in the art including, for example, crystallization using selected solvents and temperatures. For a comprehensive discussion of polymorphism see R. Hilfiker, Ed., Polymorphism in the Pharmaceutical Industry, Wiley-VCH, Weinheim, 2006.

One skilled in the art will appreciate that not all nitrogen-containing heterocycles can form N-oxides since the nitrogen requires an available lone pair for oxidation to the oxide; one skilled in the art will recognize those nitrogen-containing heterocycles which can form

N-oxides. One skilled in the art will also recognize that tertiary amines can form N-oxides. Synthetic methods for the preparation of N-oxides of heterocycles and tertiary amines are very well known by one skilled in the art including the oxidation of heterocycles and tertiary amines with peroxy acids such as peracetic and m-chloroperbenzoic acid (MCPBA), hydrogen peroxide, alkyl hydroperoxides such as t-butyl hydroperoxide, sodium perborate, and dioxiranes such as dimethyldioxirane. These methods for the preparation of N-oxides have been extensively described and reviewed in the literature, see for example: T. L. Gilchrist in Comprehensive Organic Synthesis, vol. 7, pp 748-750, S. V. Ley, Ed., Pergamon Press; M. Tisler and B. Stanovnik in Comprehensive Heterocyclic Chemistry, vol. 3, pp 18-20, A. J. Boulton and A. McKillop, Eds., Pergamon Press; M. R. Grimmett and B. R. T. Keene in Advances in Heterocyclic Chemistry, vol. 43, pp 149-161, A. R. Katritzky, Ed., Academic Press; M. Tisler and B. Stanovnik in Advances in Heterocyclic Chemistry, vol. 9, pp 285-291, A. R. Katritzky and A. J. Boulton, Eds., Academic Press; and G. W. H. Cheeseman and E. S. G. Werstiuk in Advances in Heterocyclic Chemistry, vol. 22, pp 390-392, A. R. Katritzky and A. J. Boulton, Eds., Academic Press.

One skilled in the art recognizes that because in the environment and under physiological conditions salts of chemical compounds are in equilibrium with their corresponding nonsalt forms, salts share the biological utility of the nonsalt forms. Thus a wide variety of salts of a compound of Formula 1 are useful for control of undesired vegetation (i.e. are agriculturally suitable). The salts of a compound of Formula 1 include acid-addition salts with inorganic or organic acids such as hydrobromic, hydrochloric, nitric, phosphoric, sulfuric, acetic, butyric, fumaric, lactic, maleic, malonic, oxalic, propionic, salicylic, tartaric, 4-toluenesulfonic or valeric acids. When a compound of Formula 1 contains an acidic moiety such as a carboxylic acid or phenol, salts also include those formed with organic or inorganic bases such as pyridine, triethylamine or ammonia, or amides, hydrides, hydroxides or carbonates of sodium, potassium, lithium, calcium, magnesium or barium. Accordingly, the present invention comprises compounds selected from Formula 1, N-oxides and agriculturally suitable salts thereof.

Embodiments of the present invention as described in the Summary of the Invention include (where Formula 1 as used in the following Embodiments includes N-oxides and salts thereof):

-   -   Embodiment 1. A compound of Formula 1 wherein Q is selected from

-   -   wherein r is 0, 1, 2 or 3; and s is 0 or 1.     -   Embodiment 2. A compound of Embodiment 1 wherein Q is selected         from Q-1 through Q-42.     -   Embodiment 3. A compound of Embodiment 2 wherein Q is selected         from Q-7 through Q-24.     -   Embodiment 4. A compound of Embodiment 3 wherein Q is selected         from Q-16 and Q-18.     -   Embodiment 5. A compound of Embodiment 4 wherein Q is Q-16.     -   Embodiment 6. A compound of Embodiment 4 wherein Q is Q-18.     -   Embodiment 7. A compound of Embodiment 1 wherein Q is selected         from Q-43 through Q-55.     -   Embodiment 8. A compound of Embodiment 7 wherein Q is selected         from Q-43, Q-44, Q-45, Q-48, Q-49 and Q-50.     -   Embodiment 9. A compound of Embodiment 8 wherein Q is selected         from Q-43, Q-44 and Q-45.     -   Embodiment 10. A compound of Embodiment 9 wherein Q is Q-43.     -   Embodiment 11. A compound of Embodiment 10 wherein Q is Q-45.     -   Embodiment 12. A compound of Formula 1 or any one of Embodiments         1 through 11 either alone or in combination, wherein Z is O.     -   Embodiment 13. A compound of Formula 1 or any one of Embodiments         1 through 12 either alone or in combination, wherein each R¹ is         independently halogen, cyano, SF₅, CHO, C₁-C₄ alkyl, C₂-C₄         alkenyl, C₂-C₄ alkynyl, C₁-C₄ haloalkyl, C₂-C₄ haloalkenyl,         C₂-C₄ haloalkynyl, C₂-C₆ alkylcarbonyl, C₂-C₆ haloalkylcarbonyl,         C₂-C₆ alkoxycarbonyl, C₁-C₄ alkoxy, C₃-C₄ alkenyloxy, C₃-C₄         alkynyloxy, C₁-C₄ haloalkoxy, C₃-C₄ haloalkenyloxy, C₃-C₄         haloalkynyloxy, C₂-C₆ alkoxyalkyl, C₂-C₆ haloalkoxyalkyl, C₂-C₆         cyanoalkyl, C₁-C₄ hydroxyalkyl, C₂-C₄ alkylthioalkyl or         SO_(n)R^(1A).     -   Embodiment 14. A compound of Embodiment 13 wherein each R¹ is         independently halogen, cyano, CHO, C₁-C₄ alkyl, C₂-C₄ alkenyl,         C₂-C₄ alkynyl, C₁-C₄ haloalkyl, C₂-C₄ haloalkenyl, C₂-C₄         haloalkynyl, C₁-C₄ alkoxy, C₃-C₄ alkenyloxy, C₃-C₄ alkynyloxy,         C₁-C₄ haloalkoxy, C₃-C₄ haloalkenyloxy, C₃-C₄ haloalkynyloxy,         C₂-C₆ alkoxyalkyl, C₂-C₆ haloalkoxyalkyl, C₁-C₄ hydroxyalkyl,         C₂-C₄ alkylthioalkyl or SO_(n)R^(1A).     -   Embodiment 15. A compound of Embodiment 14 wherein each R¹ is         independently halogen, cyano, C₁-C₄ alkyl, C₁-C₄ haloalkyl,         C₁-C₄ alkoxy, C₁-C₄ haloalkoxy or SO_(n)R^(1A).     -   Embodiment 16. A compound of Embodiment 15 wherein each R¹ is         independently halogen, C₁-C₄ alkyl, C₁-C₄ haloalkyl or C₁-C₄         haloalkoxy.     -   Embodiment 17. A compound of Embodiment 16 wherein each R¹ is         independently halogen, C₁-C₄ haloalkyl or C₁-C₄ haloalkoxy.     -   Embodiment 18. A compound of Embodiment 17 wherein each R¹ is         independently halogen or C₁-C₄ haloalkyl.     -   Embodiment 19. A compound of Embodiment 18 wherein each R¹ is         independently F, Cl, Br, CF₃, CHF₂ or CH₂F.     -   Embodiment 20. A compound of Formula 1 or any one of Embodiments         1 through 19 either alone or in combination, wherein r is 0, 1         or 2.     -   Embodiment 20a. A compound of Embodiment 20 wherein r is 1.     -   Embodiment 21. A compound of Formula 1 or any one of Embodiments         1 through 19 either alone or in combination, wherein s is 1.     -   Embodiment 21a. A compound of Formula 1 or any one of         Embodiments 1 through 20a either alone or in combination,         wherein when Q is Q-16 and r is 1 then R¹ is attached at the 5         position of the Q-16 ring.     -   Embodiment 21b. A compound of Formula 1 or any one of         Embodiments 1 through 20a either alone or in combination,         wherein when Q is Q-18 and r is 1 then R¹ is attached at the 3         position of the Q-18 ring.     -   Embodiment 22. A compound of Formula 1 or any one of Embodiments         1 through 21b either alone or in combination, wherein R² is         halogen, C₁-C₄ alkyl or C₁-C₄ haloalkyl.     -   Embodiment 23. A compound of Embodiment 22 wherein R² is halogen         or C₁-C₄ alkyl.     -   Embodiment 24. A compound of Embodiment 23 wherein R² is halogen         or CH₃.     -   Embodiment 25. A compound of Embodiment 24 wherein R² is         halogen.     -   Embodiment 26. A compound of Embodiment 25 wherein R² is F, Cl         or Br.     -   Embodiment 27. A compound of Formula 1 or any one of Embodiments         1 through 26 either alone or in combination, wherein m is 0, 1         or 2.     -   Embodiment 28. A compound of Embodiment 27 wherein m is 0 or 1.     -   Embodiment 29. A compound of Embodiment 28 wherein m is 1.     -   Embodiment 30. A compound of Embodiment 27 wherein m is 0 (i.e.         the 3-, 4-, 5- and 6-positions are unsubtituted by R³).     -   Embodiment 31. A compound of Formula 1 or any one of Embodiments         1 through 30 either alone or in combination, wherein each R³ is         independently halogen, cyano, CHO, C₁-C₄ alkyl, C₂-C₄ alkenyl,         C₂-C₄ alkynyl, C₁-C₄ haloalkyl, C₂-C₄ haloalkenyl, C₂-C₄         haloalkynyl, C₃-C₆ cycloalkyl, C₃-C₆ halocycloalkyl, C₄-C₈         alkylcycloalkyl, C₂-C₆ alkylcarbonyl, C₂-C₆ haloalkylcarbonyl,         C₂-C₆ alkoxycarbonyl, C₁-C₄ alkoxy, C₃-C₄ alkenyloxy, C₃-C₄         alkynyloxy, C₁-C₄ haloalkoxy, C₃-C₄ haloalkenyloxy, C₃-C₄         haloalkynyloxy, C₃-C₆ cycloalkoxy, C₃-C₆ halocycloalkoxy, C₂-C₆         alkoxyalkyl, C₂-C₆ haloalkoxyalkyl, C₂-C₄ alkylcarbonyloxy,         C₂-C₆ cyanoalkyl, C(═O)N(R^(3A))(R^(3B)), C(═NOR^(3C))H,         SO_(n)R^(3E); or a phenyl ring optionally substituted with up to         5 substituents independently selected from R^(3F); or a 5- or         6-membered heteroaromatic ring containing ring members selected         from carbon atoms and up to 4 heteroatoms independently selected         from up to 2 O, up to 2 S and up to 4 N atoms, each ring         optionally substituted with up to 3 substituents independently         selected from R^(3F) on carbon atom ring members and R^(3G) on         nitrogen atom ring members.     -   Embodiment 32. A compound of Embodiment 31 wherein each R³ is         independently halogen, cyano, CHO, C₁-C₄ alkyl, C₂-C₄ alkenyl,         C₂-C₄ alkynyl, C₁-C₄ haloalkyl, C₂-C₄ haloalkenyl, C₂-C₄         haloalkynyl, C₃-C₆ cycloalkyl, C₃-C₆ halocycloalkyl, C₂-C₆         alkylcarbonyl, C₂-C₆ haloalkylcarbonyl, C₂-C₆ alkoxycarbonyl,         C₁-C₄ alkoxy, C₁-C₄ haloalkoxy, C₂-C₆ alkoxyalkyl, C₂-C₆         haloalkoxyalkyl, C₂-C₆ cyanoalkyl, SO_(n)R^(3E); or a 5- or         6-membered heteroaromatic ring containing ring members selected         from carbon atoms and up to 4 heteroatoms independently selected         from up to 2 O, up to 2 S and up to 4 N atoms, each ring         optionally substituted with up to 3 substituents independently         selected from R^(3F) on carbon atom ring members and R^(3G) on         nitrogen atom ring members.     -   Embodiment 33. A compound of Embodiment 32 wherein each R³ is         independently halogen, cyano, C₁-C₄ alkyl, C₂-C₄ alkenyl, C₂-C₄         alkynyl, C₁-C₄ haloalkyl, C₂-C₆ alkylcarbonyl, C₂-C₆         haloalkylcarbonyl, C₂-C₆ alkoxycarbonyl, C₁-C₄ alkoxy, C₁-C₄         haloalkoxy, C₂-C₆ alkoxyalkyl or C₂-C₆ haloalkoxyalkyl.     -   Embodiment 34. A compound of Embodiment 33 wherein each R³ is         independently halogen, cyano, C₁-C₄ alkyl or C₁-C₄ haloalkyl.     -   Embodiment 35. A compound of Embodiment 34 wherein each R³ is         independently halogen or cyano.     -   Embodiment 36. A compound of Embodiment 35 wherein each R³ is         independently halogen.     -   Embodiment 37. A compound of Formula 1 or any one of Embodiments         1 through 36 either alone or in combination, wherein R³ is         attached to the remainder of Formula 1 at the 3-position.     -   Embodiment 38. A compound of Formula 1 or any one of Embodiments         1 through 37 either alone or in combination, wherein each R^(1A)         is independently C₁-C₄ alkyl or C₁-C₄ haloalkyl.     -   Embodiment 39. A compound of Embodiment 38 wherein each R^(1A)         is independently C₁-C₄ haloalkyl.     -   Embodiment 40. A compound of Formula 1 or any one of Embodiments         1 through 39 either alone or in combination, wherein each R^(3E)         is independently C₁-C₄ alkyl.     -   Embodiment 41. A compound of Formula 1 or any one of Embodiments         1 through 40 either alone or in combination, wherein each R^(3A)         is independently C₁-C₄ alkyl.     -   Embodiment 42. A compound of Formula 1 or any one of Embodiments         1 through 41 either alone or in combination, wherein each R^(3B)         is independently H or C₁-C₄ alkyl.     -   Embodiment 43. A compound of Formula 1 or any one of Embodiments         1 through 42 either alone or in combination, wherein each R^(3C)         is independently H or C₁-C₄ alkyl.     -   Embodiment 44. A compound of Formula 1 or any one of Embodiments         1 through 43 either alone or in combination, wherein each R^(3D)         is independently H or C₁-C₄ alkyl.     -   Embodiment 45. A compound of Formula 1 or any one of Embodiments         1 through 44 either alone or in combination, wherein each n is         independently 0 or 2.     -   Embodiment 46. A compound of Embodiment 45 wherein n is 2.     -   Embodiment 47. A compound of Embodiment 45 wherein n is 0.     -   Embodiment 48. A compound of Formula 1 or any one of Embodiments         1 through 47 either alone or in combination, provided that i)         when Q is 5-chloro-2-pyridinyl; Z is O; and R3 is 4 chloro, then         R2 is other than Cl or Br; ii) when Q is 4-CF3-2-pyrimidinyl; Z         is O; and m is 0, then R2 is other than Cl or Br; and iii) when         Q is 6-CF3-2-pyridinyl; Z is O; and m is 0, then R2 is other         than Br.

Embodiments of the present invention as described in the Summary of the Invention and Embodiment AAA also include the following:

-   -   Embodiment 1P. A compound of Formula 1 (including all         stereoisomers), N-oxides, and salts thereof, agricultural         compositions containing them and their use as herbicides as         described in the Summary of the Invention.     -   Embodiment 2P. A compound of Embodiment 1 wherein Q is a 5- or         6-membered aromatic heterocylic ring, bound to the remainder of         Formula 1 through a carbon atom, and optionally substituted with         1 to 3 R¹.     -   Embodiment 3P. A compound of Embodiment 2 wherein Q is selected         from

r is 0, 1, 2 or 3; and

-   s is 0 or 1.     -   Embodiment 4P. A compound of any one of Embodiments 1 through 3         wherein Q is a 5-membered aromatic heterocylic ring, bound to         the remainder of Formula 1 through a carbon atom, optionally         substituted with R¹, and is selected from Q-1 through Q-41.     -   Embodiment 5P. A compound of Embodiment 4 wherein Q is selected         from Q-7 through Q-24.     -   Embodiment 6P. A compound of Embodiment 5 wherein Q is selected         from Q-9, Q-11, Q-12, Q-16, Q-18, Q-22, Q-23, Q-24 and Q-25.     -   Embodiment 7P. A compound of Embodiment 6 wherein Q is selected         from Q-11, Q-18 and Q-22.     -   Embodiment 8P. A compound of any one of Embodiments 1 through 3         wherein Q is 6-membered aromatic heterocylic ring, bound to the         remainder of Formula 1 through a carbon atom, optionally         substituted with R¹, and is selected from Q-42 through Q-54.     -   Embodiment 9P. A compound of Embodiment 8 wherein Q is selected         from Q-42, Q-43, Q-44, Q-47, Q-48 and Q-49.     -   Embodiment 10P. A compound of Embodiment 9 wherein Q is selected         from Q-42, Q-43, Q-47 and Q-48.     -   Embodiment 11P. A compound of Embodiment 10 wherein Q is         selected from Q-42, Q-47 and Q-48.     -   Embodiment 12P. A compound of Embodiment 11 wherein Q is         selected from Q-42.     -   Embodiment 13P. A compound of Embodiment 12 wherein Q is

-   -   Embodiment 14P. A compound of any one of Embodiments 1 through 3         wherein Q is selected from Q-7 through Q-24, Q-42, Q-43, Q-44,         Q-47, Q-48 and Q-49.     -   Embodiment 15P. A compound of Embodiment 14 wherein Q is         selected from Q-9, Q-11, Q-12, Q-16, Q-18, Q-22, Q-23, Q-24,         Q-25, Q-42, Q-43, Q-47 and Q-48.     -   Embodiment 16P. A compound of Embodiment 1 wherein Q is phenyl         substituted with 1 to 3 R¹.     -   Embodiment 17P. A compound of Embodiment 16 whererin Q is phenyl         substituted with 1 to 2 R¹.     -   Embodiment 18P. A compound of Embodiment 17 wherein Q is phenyl         substituted with 1 R¹ at the 3- or 4-positions (i.e. meta or         para to the attachment of phenyl to the remainder of Formula 1).     -   Embodiment 19P. A compound of Embodiment 1 wherein when Q is         phenyl substituted with 1 to 3 R¹, m is 1, 2 or 3.     -   Embodiment 20P. A compound of Embodiment 1 wherein when Q is         phenyl substituted with 1 to 3 R¹, m is 1 or 2.     -   Embodiment 21P. A compound of Embodiment 1 wherein Q is other         than phenyl substituted with 1 to 4 R¹.     -   Embodiment 22P. A compound of any one of Embodiments 1 through         21 wherein R¹ is halogen, cyano, CHO, C₁-C₄ alkyl, C₂-C₄         alkenyl, C₂-C₄ alkynyl, C₁-C₄ alkoxy, C₃-C₄ alkenyloxy, C₃-C₄         alkynyloxy, C₁-C₄ haloalkyl, C₁-C₄ haloalkoxy, C₂-C₄         alkoxyalkyl, C₂-C₄ alkylthioalkyl or SO_(n)R^(1A).     -   Embodiment 23P. A compound of Embodiment 22 wherein R¹ is         halogen, cyano, C₁-C₄ alkyl, C₁-C₄ alkoxy, C₁-C₄ haloalkyl,         C₁-C₄ haloalkoxy, or SCF₃.     -   Embodiment 24P. A compound of Embodiment 23 wherein R¹ is         halogen, C₁-C₄ alkyl or C₁-C₄ haloalkyl or C₁-C₄ haloalkoxy.     -   Embodiment 25P. A compound of Embodiment 24 wherein R¹ is         halogen C₁-C₄ haloalkyl or C₁-C₄ haloalkoxy.     -   Embodiment 26P. A compound of Embodiment 25 wherein R¹ is Cl,         Br, CF₃ or OCF₃.     -   Embodiment 27P. A compound of any one of Embodiments 1 through         22 wherein each n is independently 0, 1 or 2.     -   Embodiment 28P. A compound of Embodiment 27 wherein each n is         independently 0.     -   Embodiment 29P. A compound of Embodiment 28 wherein each n is         independently 2.     -   Embodiment 30P. A compound of any one of Embodiments 1 through         29 wherein R² is halogen, C₁-C₄ alkyl or C₁-C₄ haloalkyl.     -   Embodiment 31P. A compound of Embodiment 30 wherein R² is         halogen or C₁-C₄ alkyl.     -   Embodiment 32P. A compound of Embodiment 31 wherein R² is         halogen or CH₃.     -   Embodiment 33P. A compound of Embodiment 32 wherein R² is         halogen.     -   Embodiment 34P. A compound of Embodiment 33 wherein R² is F, Cl         or Br.     -   Embodiment 35P. A compound of any one of Embodiments 1 through         34 wherein m is 0, 1 or 2.     -   Embodiment 36P. A compound of Embodiment 35 wherein m is 0 or 1.     -   Embodiment 37P. A compound of Embodiment 36 wherein m is 1.     -   Embodiment 38P. A compound of Embodiment 37 wherein m is 0 (i.e.         the 3-, 4-, 5- and 6-positions of the benzene ring are         unsubtituted by R³).     -   Embodiment 39P. A compound of any one of Embodiments 1 through         37 wherein each R³ is independently halogen, cyano, hydroxy,         nitro, amino, CHO, C₁-C₄ alkyl, C₂-C₄ alkenyl, C₂-C₄ alkynyl,         C(═O)N(R^(3A))(R^(3B)), C(═NOR^(3C))H, C(═N)(R^(3D))H, C₁-C₄         alkoxy, C₂-C₄ cyanoalkoxy, C₂-C₄ alkylcarbonyl, C₂-C₄         alkoxycarbonyl, C₂-C₄ alkylcarbonyloxy, C₂-C₄ alkoxyalkyl, C₁-C₄         haloalkyl, C₁-C₄ haloalkoxy, SO_(n)R^(3E) or C₃-C₆ cycloalkyl.     -   Embodiment 40P. A compound of Embodiment 39 wherein each R³ is         independently halogen, cyano, amino, C₁-C₄ alkyl, C₂-C₄ alkenyl,         C₂-C₄ alkynyl, C₁-C₄ alkoxy, C₂-C₄ alkoxycarbonyl, C₂-C₄         alkylcarbonyloxy, C₂-C₄ alkoxyalkyl or C₁-C₄ haloalkyl.     -   Embodiment 41P. A compound of Embodiment 40 wherein each R³ is         independently halogen, cyano, amino or C₁-C₄ alkyl.     -   Embodiment 42P. A compound of Embodiment 41 wherein each R³ is         independently cyano.     -   Embodiment 43P. A compound of any one of Embodiments 1 through         37 or 39 through 42 wherein each R³ is attached to the remainder         of Formula 1 at the 3-, 4- or 6-position.     -   Embodiment 44P. A compound of Embodiments 43 wherein each R³ is         attached to the remainder of Formula 1 at the 3- or 4-position.     -   Embodiment 45P. A compound of Embodiment 44 wherein R³ is         attached to the remainder of Formula 1 at the 3-position.     -   Embodiment 46P. A compound of any one of Embodiments 1 through         22 or 27 or 29 through 45 wherein R^(1A) is C₁-C₄ alkyl or C₁-C₄         haloalkyl.     -   Embodiment 47P. A compound of Embodiment 46 wherein R^(1A) is         C₁-C₄ haloalkyl.     -   Embodiment 48P. A compound of any one of Embodiments 1 through         37 or 39 wherein R^(3E) is C₁-C₄ alkyl.     -   Embodiment 49P. A compound of any one of Embodiments 1 through         37 or 39 wherein R^(3A) is C₁-C₄ alkyl.     -   Embodiment 50P. A compound of any one of Embodiments 1 through         37 or 39 wherein R^(3B) is H or C₁-C₄ alkyl.     -   Embodiment 51P. A compound of any one of Embodiments 1 through         37 or 39 wherein R^(3C) is H or C₁-C₄ alkyl.     -   Embodiment 52P. A compound of any one of Embodiments 1 through         37 or 39 wherein R^(3D) is H or C₁-C₄ alkyl.     -   Embodiment 53P. A compound of any one of Embodiments 1 through         52 wherein Z is O.     -   Embodiment 54P. A compound of any one of Embodiments 1 through         53 wherein when m is 1, R³ is positioned at the 3-, 5- or         6-positions (i.e. the 3-, 5- and 6-positions of the benzene         ring).     -   Embodiment 55P. A compound of any one of Embodiments 1 through         53 wherein when m is 1, R³ is other than Cl at the 4-position.

Embodiments of this invention, including Embodiments 1-48 and 1P-55P above as well as any other embodiments described herein, can be combined in any manner, and the descriptions of variables in the embodiments pertain not only to the a compound of Formula 1 but also to the starting compounds and intermediate compounds useful for preparing the compounds of Formula 1. In addition, embodiments of this invention, including Embodiments 1-48 and 1P-55P above as well as any other embodiments described herein, and any combination thereof, pertain to the compositions and methods of the present invention.

-   Embodiment AAA. A compound of Formula 1 wherein     -   Q is a 5- or 6-membered aromatic heterocylic ring, bound to the         remainder of Formula 1 through a carbon atom, and optionally         substituted with 1 to 4 R¹; or     -   Q is phenyl substituted with 1 to 4 R¹;     -   Z is O or S;     -   R¹ is halogen, cyano, CHO, C₁-C₄ alkyl, C₂-C₄ alkenyl, C₂-C₄         alkynyl, C₁-C₄ alkoxy, C₃-C₄ alkenyloxy, C₃-C₄ alkynyloxy, C₁-C₄         haloalkyl, C₁-C₄ haloalkoxy, C₂-C₄ alkoxyalkyl, C₂-C₄         alkylthioalkyl, SO_(n)R^(1A), C₂-C₆ dialkylamino, C₁-C₄         cyanoalkyl, C₁-C₄ hydroxyalkyl, CH(=NOH) or C₃-C₆ cycloalkyl; or         unsubstituted phenyl; or unsubstituted pyridyl;     -   R² is halogen, cyano, nitro, C₁-C₄ alkoxy, C₁-C₄ alkyl, C₂-C₆         alkenyl, C₂-C₆ alkynyl, SO_(n)R^(2A) or C₁-C₄ haloalkyl;     -   each R³ is independently halogen, cyano, hydroxy, nitro, amino,         CHO, C₁-C₄ alkyl, C₂-C₄ alkenyl, C₂-C₄ alkynyl,         C(═O)N(R^(3A))(R^(3B)), C(═NOR^(3C))H, C(═N)(R^(3D))H, C₁-C₄         alkoxy, C₂-C₄ cyanoalkoxy, C₂-C₄ alkylcarbonyl, C₂-C₄         alkoxycarbonyl, C₂-C₄ alkylcarbonyloxy, C₂-C₄ alkoxyalkyl, C₁-C₄         haloalkyl, C₁-C₄ haloalkoxy, SO_(n)R^(3E) or C₃-C₆ cycloalkyl;         or phenyl optionally substituted with cyano, halogen or C₁-C₄         alkyl;     -   m is 0, 1, 2 or 3;     -   each R^(1A), R^(2A) and R^(3E) is independently C₁-C₄ alkyl,         C₁-C₄ haloalkyl, C₁-C₄ alkylamino or C₂-C₆ dialkylamino;     -   R^(3A) is C₁-C₄ alkyl or C₁-C₄ haloalkyl;     -   R^(3B) is H, C₁-C₄ alkyl or C₁-C₄ haloalkyl;     -   R^(3C) is independently H or C₁-C₄ alkyl;     -   R^(3D) is independently H or C₁-C₄ alkyl; and     -   n is 0, 1, or 2;     -   provided the compound of Formula 1 is other than         5-chloro-2-[(4′-methyl[1,1′-biphenyl]2-yl)oxy]-pyrimidine (CAS         #107492-74-0),         5-chloro-2-[(4′-chloro[1,1′-biphenyl]2-yl)oxy]-pyrimidine (CAS         #107492-72-8),         5-chloro-2-[(3′-chloro[1,1′-biphenyl]2-yl)oxy]-pyrimidine (CAS         #107492-76-2) and         5-chloro-2-[[3′-(trifluoromethyl)[1,1′-biphenyl]2-yl]oxy]-pyrimidine         (CAS #107492-75-1); and provided i) when Q is         5-chloro-2-pyridinyl; Z is O; and R³ is 4-chloro, then R² is         other than Cl or Br; ii) when Q is 4-CF₃-2-pyrimidinyl; Z is O;         and m is 0, then R² is other than Cl or Br; and iii) when Q is         6-CF₃-2-pyridinyl; Z is O; and m is 0, then R² is other than Br. -   Embodiment AA. A compound of Embodiment AAA or a compound of Formula     1 as described in the Summary of the Invention wherein     -   Q is a 5- or 6-membered aromatic heterocylic ring, bound to the         remainder of Formula 1 through a carbon atom, and optionally         substituted with 1 to 4 R¹;     -   Z is O or S;     -   each R¹ is independently halogen, cyano, nitro, SF₅, CHO,         C(═O)NH₂, C(═S)NH₂, SO₂NH₂, C₁-C₄ alkyl, C₂-C₄ alkenyl, C₂-C₄         alkynyl, C₁-C₄ haloalkyl, C₂-C₄ haloalkenyl, C₂-C₄ haloalkynyl,         C₃-C₆ cycloalkyl, C₃-C₆ halocycloalkyl, C₄-C₈ alkylcycloalkyl,         C₄-C₈ cycloalkylalkyl, C₂-C₆ alkylcarbonyl, C₂-C₆         haloalkylcarbonyl, C₂-C₆ alkoxycarbonyl, C₃-C₇         cycloalkylcarbonyl, C₂-C₈ alkylaminocarbonyl, C₃-C₁₀         dialkylaminocarbonyl, C₁-C₄ alkoxy, C₃-C₄ alkenyloxy, C₃-C₄         alkynyloxy, C₁-C₄ haloalkoxy, C₃-C₄ haloalkenyloxy, C₃-C₄         haloalkynyloxy, C₃-C₆ cycloalkoxy, C₃-C₆ halocycloalkoxy, C₄-C₈         cycloalkylalkoxy, C₂-C₆ alkoxyalkyl, C₂-C₆ haloalkoxyalkyl,         C₂-C₆ alkoxyhaloalkyl, C₂-C₆ alkoxyalkoxy, C₂-C₄         alkylcarbonyloxy, C₂-C₆ cyanoalkyl, C₂-C₆ cyanoalkoxy, C₁-C₄         hydroxyalkyl, C₂-C₄ alkylthioalkyl, SO_(n)R^(1A), Si(CH₃)₃ or         B(—OC(R^(1B))₂C(R^(1B))₂O—); or a phenyl ring optionally         substituted with up to 5 substituents independently selected         from R^(1C); or a 5- or 6-membered heteroaromatic ring         containing ring members selected from carbon atoms and up to 4         heteroatoms independently selected from up to 2 O, up to 2 S and         up to 4 N atoms, each ring optionally substituted with up to 3         substituents independently selected from R^(1C) on carbon atom         ring members and Rip on nitrogen atom ring members;     -   R² is halogen, cyano, nitro, C₁-C₄ alkoxy, C₁-C₄ alkyl, C₂-C₆         alkenyl, C₂-C₆ alkynyl, SO_(n)R^(2A), C₁-C₄ haloalkyl or C₃-C₆         cycloalkyl;     -   each R³ is independently halogen, cyano, hydroxy, nitro, amino,         CHO, C(═O)NH₂, C(═S)NH₂, SO₂NH₂, C₁-C₄ alkyl, C₂-C₄ alkenyl,         C₂-C₄ alkynyl, C₁-C₄ haloalkyl, C₂-C₄ haloalkenyl, C₂-C₄         haloalkynyl, C₃-C₆ cycloalkyl, C₃-C₆ halocycloalkyl, C₄-C₈         alkylcycloalkyl, C₄-C₈ cycloalkylalkyl, C₂-C₆ alkylcarbonyl,         C₂-C₆ haloalkylcarbonyl, C₂-C₆ alkoxycarbonyl, C₃-C₇         cycloalkylcarbonyl, C₁-C₄ alkoxy, C₃-C₄ alkenyloxy, C₃-C₄         alkynyloxy, C₁-C₄ haloalkoxy, C₃-C₄ haloalkenyloxy, C₃-C₄         haloalkynyloxy, C₃-C₆ cycloalkoxy, C₃-C₆ halocycloalkoxy, C₄-C₈         cycloalkylalkoxy, C₂-C₆ alkoxyalkyl, C₂-C₆ haloalkoxyalkyl,         C₂-C₆ alkoxyhaloalkyl, C₂-C₆ alkoxyalkoxy, C₂-C₄         alkylcarbonyloxy, C₂-C₆ cyanoalkyl, C₂-C₆ cyanoalkoxy, C₂-C₄         alkylthioalkyl, Si(CH₃)₃, C≡CSi(CH₃)₃, C(═O)N(R^(3A))(R^(3B)),         C(═NOR^(3C))H, C(═NR^(3D))H, SO_(n)R^(3E); or a phenyl ring         optionally substituted with up to 5 substituents independently         selected from R^(3F); or a 5- or 6-membered heteroaromatic ring         containing ring members selected from carbon atoms and up to 4         heteroatoms independently selected from up to 2 O, up to 2 S and         up to 4 N atoms, each ring optionally substituted with up to 3         substituents independently selected from R^(3F) on carbon atom         ring members and R^(3G) on nitrogen atom ring members; or         pyrimidinyloxy;     -   m is 0, 1, 2 or 3;     -   each n is independently 0, 1 or 2;     -   each R^(1A), R^(2A) and R^(3E) is independently C₁-C₄ alkyl,         C₁-C₄ haloalkyl, C₁-C₄ alkylamino or C₂-C₆ dialkylamino;     -   each R^(1B) is independently H or C₁-C₄ alkyl;     -   each R^(1C) is independently hydroxy, halogen, cyano, nitro,         C₁-C₆ alkyl, C₁-C₆ haloalkyl, C₁-C₆ alkoxy or C₁-C₆ haloalkoxy;     -   each R^(1D) is independently cyano, C₁-C₆ alkyl, C₁-C₆         haloalkyl, C₁-C₆ alkoxy or C₂-C₆ alkylcarbonyl;     -   each R^(3A) is independently C₁-C₄ alkyl or C₁-C₄ haloalkyl;     -   each R^(3B) is independently H, C₁-C₄ alkyl or C₁-C₄ haloalkyl;     -   each R^(3C) is independently H or C₁-C₄ alkyl;     -   each R^(3D) is independently H, amino, C₁-C₄ alkyl or C₁-C₄         alkylamino;     -   each R^(3F) is independently hydroxy, halogen, cyano, nitro,         C₁-C₆ alkyl, C₁-C₆ haloalkyl, C₁-C₆ alkoxy or C₁-C₆ haloalkoxy;         and     -   each R^(3G) is independently cyano, C₁-C₆ alkyl, C₁-C₆         haloalkyl, C₁-C₆ alkoxy or C₂-C₆ alkylcarbonyl; -   Embodiment A. A compound of Embodiment AA wherein     -   Q is selected from Q-1 through Q-55 wherein r is 0, 1, 2 or 3;         and s is 0 or 1;     -   each R¹ is independently halogen, cyano, SF₅, CHO, C₁-C₄ alkyl,         C₂-C₄ alkenyl, C₂-C₄ alkynyl, C₁-C₄ haloalkyl, C₂-C₄         haloalkenyl, C₂-C₄ haloalkynyl, C₂-C₆ alkylcarbonyl, C₂-C₆         haloalkylcarbonyl, C₂-C₆ alkoxycarbonyl, C₁-C₄ alkoxy, C₃-C₄         alkenyloxy, C₃-C₄ alkynyloxy, C₁-C₄ haloalkoxy, C₃-C₄         haloalkenyloxy, C₃-C₄ haloalkynyloxy, C₂-C₆ alkoxyalkyl, C₂-C₆         haloalkoxyalkyl, C₂-C₆ cyanoalkyl, C₁-C₄ hydroxyalkyl, C₂-C₄         alkylthioalkyl or SO_(n)R^(1A);     -   R³ is independently halogen, cyano, CHO, C₁-C₄ alkyl, C₂-C₄         alkenyl, C₂-C₄ alkynyl, C₁-C₄ haloalkyl, C₂-C₄ haloalkenyl,         C₂-C₄ haloalkynyl, C₃-C₆ cycloalkyl, C₃-C₆ halocycloalkyl, C₄-C₈         alkylcycloalkyl, C₂-C₆ alkylcarbonyl, C₂-C₆ haloalkylcarbonyl,         C₂-C₆ alkoxycarbonyl, C₁-C₄ alkoxy, C₃-C₄ alkenyloxy, C₃-C₄         alkynyloxy, C₁-C₄ haloalkoxy, C₃-C₄ haloalkenyloxy, C₃-C₄         haloalkynyloxy, C₃-C₆ cycloalkoxy, C₃-C₆ halocycloalkoxy, C₂-C₆         alkoxyalkyl, C₂-C₆ haloalkoxyalkyl, C₂-C₄ alkylcarbonyloxy,         C₂-C₆ cyanoalkyl, C(═O)N(R^(3A))(R^(3B)), C(═NOR^(3C))H,         SO_(n)R^(3E); or a phenyl ring optionally substituted with up to         5 substituents independently selected from R^(3F); or a 5- or         6-membered heteroaromatic ring containing ring members selected         from carbon atoms and up to 4 heteroatoms independently selected         from up to 2 O, up to 2 S and up to 4 N atoms, each ring         optionally substituted with up to 3 substituents independently         selected from R^(3F) on carbon atom ring members and R^(3G) on         nitrogen atom ring members;     -   Z is O; and     -   m is 0, 1 or 2. -   Embodiment B. A compound of Embodiment A wherein     -   each R¹ is independently halogen, cyano, CHO, C₁-C₄ alkyl, C₂-C₄         alkenyl, C₂-C₄ alkynyl, C₁-C₄ haloalkyl, C₂-C₄ haloalkenyl,         C₂-C₄ haloalkynyl, C₁-C₄ alkoxy, C₃-C₄ alkenyloxy, C₃-C₄         alkynyloxy, C₁-C₄ haloalkoxy, C₃-C₄ haloalkenyloxy, C₃-C₄         haloalkynyloxy, C₂-C₆ alkoxyalkyl, C₂-C₆ haloalkoxyalkyl, C₁-C₄         hydroxyalkyl, C₂-C₄ alkylthioalkyl or SO_(n)R^(1A);     -   R² is halogen, C₁-C₄ alkyl or C₁-C₄ haloalkyl;     -   each R³ is independently halogen, cyano, CHO, C₁-C₄ alkyl, C₂-C₄         alkenyl, C₂-C₄ alkynyl, C₁-C₄ haloalkyl, C₂-C₄ haloalkenyl,         C₂-C₄ haloalkynyl, C₃-C₆ cycloalkyl, C₃-C₆ halocycloalkyl, C₂-C₆         alkylcarbonyl, C₂-C₆ haloalkylcarbonyl, C₂-C₆ alkoxycarbonyl,         C₁-C₄ alkoxy, C₁-C₄ haloalkoxy, C₂-C₆ alkoxyalkyl, C₂-C₆         haloalkoxyalkyl, C₂-C₆ cyanoalkyl, SO_(n)R^(3E); or a 5- or         6-membered heteroaromatic ring containing ring members selected         from carbon atoms and up to 4 heteroatoms independently selected         from up to 2 O, up to 2 S and up to 4 N atoms, each ring         optionally substituted with up to 3 substituents independently         selected from R^(3F) on carbon atom ring members and R^(3G) on         nitrogen atom ring members; and     -   m is 0 or 1. -   Embodiment C1. A compound of Embodiment B wherein     -   Q is selected from Q-7 through Q-24;     -   each R¹ is independently halogen, cyano, C₁-C₄ alkyl, C₁-C₄         haloalkyl, C₁-C₄ alkoxy, C₁-C₄ haloalkoxy or SO_(n)R^(1A);     -   R² is halogen or C₁-C₄ alkyl;     -   each R³ is independently halogen, cyano, C₁-C₄ alkyl, C₂-C₄         alkenyl, C₂-C₄ alkynyl, C₁-C₄ haloalkyl, C₂-C₆ alkylcarbonyl,         C₂-C₆ haloalkylcarbonyl, C₂-C₆ alkoxycarbonyl, C₁-C₄ alkoxy,         C₁-C₄ haloalkoxy, C₂-C₆ alkoxyalkyl or C₂-C₆ haloalkoxyalkyl;         and     -   each R^(1A) is independently C₁-C₄ alkyl or C₁-C₄ haloalkyl. -   Embodiment C2. A compound of Embodiment B wherein     -   Q is selected from Q-43, Q-44, Q-45, Q-48, Q-49 and Q-50;     -   each R¹ is independently halogen, cyano, C₁-C₄ alkyl, C₁-C₄         haloalkyl, C₁-C₄ alkoxy, C₁-C₄ haloalkoxy or SO_(n)R^(1A);     -   R² is halogen or C₁-C₄ alkyl;     -   each R³ is independently halogen, cyano, C₁-C₄ alkyl, C₂-C₄         alkenyl, C₂-C₄ alkynyl, C₁-C₄ haloalkyl, C₂-C₆ alkylcarbonyl,         C₂-C₆ haloalkylcarbonyl, C₂-C₆ alkoxycarbonyl, C₁-C₄ alkoxy,         C₁-C₄ haloalkoxy, C₂-C₆ alkoxyalkyl or C₂-C₆ haloalkoxyalkyl;         and     -   each R^(1A) is independently C₁-C₄ alkyl or C₁-C₄ haloalkyl. -   Embodiment D1. A compound of Embodiment C1 wherein     -   Q is selected from Q-16 and Q-18;     -   each R¹ is independently halogen, C₁-C₄ alkyl, C₁-C₄ haloalkyl         or C₁-C₄ haloalkoxy; R² is halogen or CH₃; and     -   each R³ is independently halogen, cyano, C₁-C₄ alkyl or C₁-C₄         haloalkyl. -   Embodiment D2. A compound of Embodiment C2 wherein     -   Q is selected from Q-43, Q-44 and Q-45;     -   each R¹ is independently halogen, C₁-C₄ alkyl, C₁-C₄ haloalkyl         or C₁-C₄ haloalkoxy;     -   R² is halogen or CH₃; and     -   each R³ is independently halogen, cyano, C₁-C₄ alkyl or C₁-C₄         haloalkyl.

Specific embodiments include compounds of Formula 1 selected from the group consisting of:

-   -   5-chloro-2-[2-(5-chloro-2-pyridinyl)phenoxy]pyrimidine (Compound         1),     -   5-chloro-2-[2-[5-(fluoromethyl)-3-isoxazolyl]phenoxy]pyrimidine         (Compound 32),     -   2-[2-(3-bromo-5-isoxazolyl)phenoxy]-5-chloropyrimidine (Compound         12),     -   5-chloro-2-[2-[5-(trifluoromethyl)-2-pyridinyl]phenoxy]pyrimidine         (Compound 27),     -   5-chloro-2-[3-chloro-2-(5-chloro-2-pyridinyl)phenoxy]pyrimidine         (Compound 23),     -   4-[2-[(5-bromo-2-pyrimidinyl)oxy]phenyl]-2-(trifluoromethyl)pyrimidine         (Compound 21),     -   2-[2-(2-bromo-5-thiazolyl)phenoxy]-5-(trifluoromethyl)pyrimidine         (Compound 15),     -   5-chloro-2-[4-methyl-2-[2-(trifluoromethyl)-4-pyridinyl]phenoxy]pyrimidine         (Compound 24),     -   5-chloro-2-[2-[5-(difluoromethyl)-3-isoxazolyl]phenoxy]pyrimidine         (Compound 35),     -   5-chloro-2-[2-[3-(difluoromethyl)-5-isoxazolyl]phenoxy]pyrimidine         (Compound 53),     -   5-chloro-2-[2-[5-(difluoromethyl)-3-isoxazolyl]-3-fluorophenoxy]pyrimidine         (Compound 55),     -   5-bromo-2-[2-[5-(difluoromethyl)-3-isoxazolyl]phenoxy]pyrimidine         (Compound 62),     -   5-chloro-2-[2-[3-(trifluoromethyl)-5-isoxazolyl]phenoxy]pyrimidine         (Compound 63),     -   5-chloro-2-[2-[3-(difluoromethyl)-5-isoxazolyl]-3-fluorophenoxy]pyrimidine         (Compound 144),     -   5-bromo-2-[2-[3-(difluoromethyl)-5-isoxazolyl]-3-fluorophenoxy]pyrimidine         (Compound 145),     -   5-chloro-2-[2-[5-(trifluoromethyl)-3-isoxazolyl]-3-fluorophenoxy]pyrimidine         (Compound 168) and     -   5-chloro-2-[2-[5-(trifluoromethyl)-3-isoxazolyl]phenoxy]pyrimidine         (Compound 200).

Embodiments of the present invention as described in the Summary of the Invention and Embodiment AAA also include the following:

-   Embodiment Ap. A compound of the Summary of the Invention wherein     -   Q is a 5- or 6-membered aromatic heterocylic ring, bound to the         remainder of Formula 1 through a carbon atom, and optionally         substituted with 1 to 3 R¹; or     -   Q is phenyl substituted with 1 to 3 R¹;     -   R¹ is halogen, cyano, CHO, C₁-C₄ alkyl, C₂-C₄ alkenyl, C₂-C₄         alkynyl, C₁-C₄ alkoxy, C₃-C₄ alkenyloxy, C₃-C₄ alkynyloxy, C₁-C₄         haloalkyl, C₁-C₄ haloalkoxy, C₂-C₄ alkoxyalkyl, C₂-C₄         alkylthioalkyl or SO_(n)R^(1A);     -   each n is independently 0, 1 or 2     -   R² is halogen, C₁-C₄ alkyl or C₁-C₄ haloalkyl;     -   m is 0, 1 or 2;     -   each R³ is independently halogen, cyano, hydroxy, nitro, amino,         CHO, C₁-C₄ alkyl, C₂-C₄ alkenyl, C₂-C₄ alkynyl,         C(═O)N(R^(3A))(R^(3B)), C(═NOR^(3C))H, C(═N)(R^(3D))H, C₁-C₄         alkoxy, C₂-C₄ cyanoalkoxy, C₂-C₄ alkylcarbonyl, C₂-C₄         alkoxycarbonyl, C₂-C₄ alkylcarbonyloxy, C₂-C₄ alkoxyalkyl, C₁-C₄         haloalkyl, C₁-C₄ haloalkoxy, SO_(n)R^(3E) or C₃-C₆ cycloalkyl;     -   each R³ is attached to the remainder of Formula 1 at the 3-, 4-         or 6-position;     -   R^(1A) is C₁-C₄ alkyl or C₁-C₄ haloalkyl;     -   R^(3E) is C₁-C₄ alkyl;     -   R^(3A) is C₁-C₄ alkyl;     -   R^(3B) is H or C₁-C₄ alkyl;     -   R^(3C) is H or C₁-C₄ alkyl; and     -   R^(3D) is H or C₁-C₄ alkyl. -   Embodiment Bp. A compound of Embodiment A wherein     -   Q is selected from Q-1 through Q-54 (i.e. as described in         Embodiment 3);     -   Z is O;     -   R¹ is halogen, cyano, C₁-C₄ alkyl, C₁-C₄ alkoxy, C₁-C₄         haloalkyl, C₁-C₄ haloalkoxy, or SCF₃;     -   R² is halogen or C₁-C₄ alkyl;     -   m is 0 or 1;     -   each R³ is independently halogen, cyano, amino, C₁-C₄ alkyl,         C₂-C₄ alkenyl, C₂-C₄ alkynyl, C₁-C₄ alkoxy, C₂-C₄         alkoxycarbonyl, C₂-C₄ alkylcarbonyloxy, C₂-C₄ alkoxyalkyl or         C₁-C₄ haloalkyl; and     -   each R³ is attached to the remainder of Formula 1 at the 3- or         4-position. -   Embodiment Cp. A compound of Embodiment B wherein     -   Q is a 5-membered aromatic heterocylic ring, bound to the         remainder of Formula 1 through a carbon atom, optionally         substituted with R¹, and is selected from Q-1 through Q-41;     -   R¹ is halogen C₁-C₄ haloalkyl or C₁-C₄ haloalkoxy;     -   R² is halogen or CH₃; and     -   each R³ is independently halogen, cyano, amino or C₁-C₄ alkyl. -   Embodiment Dp. A compound of Embodiment C wherein     -   Q is 6-membered aromatic heterocylic ring, bound to the         remainder of Formula 1 through a carbon atom, optionally         substituted with R¹, and is selected from Q-42 through Q-54;     -   R¹ is halogen C₁-C₄ haloalkyl or C₁-C₄ haloalkoxy;     -   R² is halogen or CH₃; and     -   each R³ is independently halogen, cyano, amino or C₁-C₄ alkyl. -   Embodiment Ep. A compound of Embodiment D wherein     -   Q is selected from Q-42, Q-43, Q-44, Q-47, Q-48 and Q-49;     -   R¹ is Cl, Br, CF₃ or OCF₃;     -   R² is halogen; and     -   each R³ is independently cyano.

Specific embodiments include a compound of Formula 1 selected from the group consisting of:

-   -   5-chloro-2-[2-(5-chloro-2-pyridinyl)phenoxy]pyrimidine (Compound         1);     -   5-chloro-2-[2-[5-(fluoromethyl)-3-isoxazolyl]phenoxy]pyrimidine         (Compound 32);     -   2-[2-(3-bromo-5-isoxazolyl)phenoxy]-5-chloropyrimidine (Compound         12);     -   5-chloro-2-[[4′-(trifluoromethoxy)[1,1′-biphenyl]-2-yl]oxy]pyrimidine         (Compound 42);     -   5-chloro-2-[2-[5-(trifluoromethyl)-2-pyridinyl]phenoxy]pyrimidine         (Compound 27);     -   5-chloro-2-[3-chloro-2-(5-chloro-2-pyridinyl)phenoxy]pyrimidine         (Compound 23);     -   4-[2-[(5-bromo-2-pyrimidinyl)oxy]phenyl]-2-(trifluoromethyl)pyrimidine         (Compound 21);     -   2-[2-(2-bromo-5-thiazolyl)phenoxy]-5-(trifluoromethyl)pyrimidine         (Compound 15); and     -   5-chloro-2-[4-methyl-2-[2-(trifluoromethyl)-4-pyridinyl]phenoxy]pyrimidine         (Compound 24).

This invention also relates to a method for controlling undesired vegetation comprising applying to the locus of the vegetation herbicidally effective amounts of the compounds of the invention (e.g., as a composition described herein). Of note as embodiments relating to methods of use are those involving the compounds of embodiments described above. Compounds of the invention are particularly useful for selective control of weeds in crops such as wheat, barley, maize, soybean, sunflower, cotton, oilseed rape and rice, and specialty crops such as sugarcane, citrus, fruit and nut crops.

Also noteworthy as embodiments are herbicidal compositions of the present invention comprising the compounds of embodiments described above.

This invention also includes a herbicidal mixture comprising (a) a compound selected from Formula 1, N-oxides, and salts thereof, and (b) at least one additional active ingredient selected from (b1) photosystem II inhibitors, (b2) acetohydroxy acid synthase (AHAS) inhibitors, (b3) acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACCase) inhibitors, (b4) auxin mimics and (b5) 5-enol-pyruvylshikimate-3-phosphate (EPSP) synthase inhibitors, (b6) photosystem I electron diverters, (b7) protoporphyrinogen oxidase (PPO) inhibitors, (b8) glutamine synthetase (GS) inhibitors, (b9) very long chain fatty acid (VLCFA) elongase inhibitors, (b10) auxin transport inhibitors, (b11) phytoene desaturase (PDS) inhibitors, (b12) 4-hydroxyphenyl-pyruvate dioxygenase (HPPD) inhibitors, (b13) homogentisate solenesyltransererase (HST) inhibitors, (b14) cellulose biosynthesis inhibitors, (b15) other herbicides including mitotic disruptors, organic arsenicals, asulam, bromobutide, cinmethylin, cumyluron, dazomet, difenzoquat, dymron, etobenzanid, flurenol, fosamine, fosamine-ammonium, metam, methyldymron, oleic acid, oxaziclomefone, pelargonic acid and pyributicarb, and (b16) herbicide safeners; and salts of compounds of (b1) through (b16).

“Photosystem II inhibitors” (b1) are chemical compounds that bind to the D-1 protein at the Q_(B)-binding niche and thus block electron transport from Q_(A) to Q_(B) in the chloroplast thylakoid membranes. The electrons blocked from passing through photosystem II are transferred through a series of reactions to form toxic compounds that disrupt cell membranes and cause chloroplast swelling, membrane leakage, and ultimately cellular destruction. The Q_(B)-binding niche has three different binding sites: binding site A binds the triazines such as atrazine, triazinones such as hexazinone, and uracils such as bromacil, binding site B binds the phenylureas such as diuron, and binding site C binds benzothiadiazoles such as bentazon, nitriles such as bromoxynil and phenyl-pyridazines such as pyridate. Examples of photosystem II inhibitors include ametryn, amicarbazone, atrazine, bentazon, bromacil, bromofenoxim, bromoxynil, chlorbromuron, chloridazon, chlorotoluron, chloroxuron, cumyluron, cyanazine, daimuron, desmedipham, desmetryn, dimefuron, dimethametryn, diuron, ethidimuron, fenuron, fluometuron, hexazinone, ioxynil, isoproturon, isouron, lenacil, linuron, metamitron, methabenzthiazuron, metobromuron, metoxuron, metribuzin, monolinuron, neburon, pentanochlor, phenmedipham, prometon, prometryn, propanil, propazine, pyridafol, pyridate, siduron, simazine, simetryn, tebuthiuron, terbacil, terbumeton, terbuthylazine, terbutryn and trietazine.

“AHAS inhibitors” (b2) are chemical compounds that inhibit acetohydroxy acid synthase (AHAS), also known as acetolactate synthase (ALS), and thus kill plants by inhibiting the production of the branched-chain aliphatic amino acids such as valine, leucine and isoleucine, which are required for protein synthesis and cell growth. Examples of AHAS inhibitors include amidosulfuron, azimsulfuron, bensulfuron-methyl, bispyribac-sodium, cloransulam-methyl, chlorimuron-ethyl, chlorsulfuron, cinosulfuron, cyclosulfamuron, diclosulam, ethametsulfuron-methyl, ethoxysulfuron, flazasulfuron, florasulam, flucarbazone-sodium, flumetsulam, flupyrsulfuron-methyl, flupyrsulfuron-sodium, foramsulfuron, halosulfuron-methyl, imazamethabenz-methyl, imazamox, imazapic, imazapyr, imazaquin, imazethapyr, imazosulfuron, iodosulfuron-methyl (including sodium salt), iofensulfuron (2-iodo-N-[[(4-methoxy-6-methyl-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl)amino]carbonyl]benzenesulfonamide), mesosulfuron-methyl, metazosulfuron (3-chloro-4-(5,6-dihydro-5-methyl-1,4,2-dioxazin-3-yl)-N-[[(4,6-dimethoxy-2-pyrimidinyl)amino]carbonyl]-1-methyl-1H-pyrazole-5-sulfonamide), metosulam, metsulfuron-methyl, nicosulfuron, oxasulfuron, penoxsulam, primisulfuron-methyl, propoxycarbazone-sodium, propyrisulfuron (2-chloro-N-[[(4, 6-dimethoxy-2-pyrimidinyl)amino]carbonyl]-6-propylimidazo[1,2-b]pyridazine-3-sulfonamide), prosulfuron, pyrazosulfuron-ethyl, pyribenzoxim, pyriftalid, pyriminobac-methyl, pyrithiobac-sodium, rimsulfuron, sulfometuron-methyl, sulfosulfuron, thiencarbazone, thifensulfuron-methyl, triafamone (N-[2-[(4,6-dimethoxy-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl)carbonyl]-6-fluorophenyl]-1, 1-difluoro-N-methylmethanesulfonamide), triasulfuron, tribenuron-methyl, trifloxysulfuron (including sodium salt), triflusulfuron-methyl and tritosulfuron.

“ACCase inhibitors” (b3) are chemical compounds that inhibit the acetyl-CoA carboxylase enzyme, which is responsible for catalyzing an early step in lipid and fatty acid synthesis in plants. Lipids are essential components of cell membranes, and without them, new cells cannot be produced. The inhibition of acetyl CoA carboxylase and the subsequent lack of lipid production leads to losses in cell membrane integrity, especially in regions of active growth such as meristems. Eventually shoot and rhizome growth ceases, and shoot meristems and rhizome buds begin to die back. Examples of ACCase inhibitors include alloxydim, butroxydim, clethodim, clodinafop, cycloxydim, cyhalofop, diclofop, fenoxaprop, fluazifop, haloxyfop, pinoxaden, profoxydim, propaquizafop, quizalofop, sethoxydim, tepraloxydim and tralkoxydim, including resolved forms such as fenoxaprop-P, fluazifop-P, haloxyfop-P and quizalofop-P and ester forms such as clodinafop-propargyl, cyhalofop-butyl, diclofop-methyl and fenoxaprop-P-ethyl.

Auxin is a plant hormone that regulates growth in many plant tissues. “Auxin mimics” (b4) are chemical compounds mimicking the plant growth hormone auxin, thus causing uncontrolled and disorganized growth leading to plant death in susceptible species.

Examples of auxin mimics include aminocyclopyrachlor (6-amino-5-chloro-2-cyclopropyl-4-pyrimidinecarboxylic acid) and its methyl and ethyl esters and its sodium and potassium salts, aminopyralid, benazolin-ethyl, chloramben, clacyfos, clomeprop, clopyralid, dicamba, 2,4-D, 2,4-DB, dichlorprop, fluroxypyr, halauxifen (4-amino-3-chloro-6-(4-chloro-2-fluoro-3-methoxyphenyl)-2-pyridinecarboxylic acid), halauxifen-methyl (methyl 4-amino-3-chloro-6-(4-chloro-2-fluoro-3-methoxyphenyl)-2-pyridinecarboxylate), MCPA, MCPB, mecoprop, picloram, quinclorac, quinmerac, 2,3,6-TBA, triclopyr, and methyl 4-amino-3-chloro-6-(4-chloro-2-fluoro-3-methoxyphenyl)-5-fluoro-2-pyridinecarboxylate.

“EPSP (5-enol-pyruvylshikimate-3-phosphate) synthase inhibitors” (b5) are chemical compounds that inhibit the enzyme, 5-enol-pyruvylshikimate-3-phosphate synthase, which is involved in the synthesis of aromatic amino acids such as tyrosine, tryptophan and phenylalanine. EPSP inhibitor herbicides are readily absorbed through plant foliage and translocated in the phloem to the growing points. Glyphosate is a relatively nonselective postemergence herbicide that belongs to this group. Glyphosate includes esters and salts such as ammonium, isopropylammonium, potassium, sodium (including sesquisodium) and trimesium (alternatively named sulfosate).

“Photosystem I electron diverters” (b6) are chemical compounds that accept electrons from Photosystem I, and after several cycles, generate hydroxyl radicals. These radicals are extremely reactive and readily destroy unsaturated lipids, including membrane fatty acids and chlorophyll. This destroys cell membrane integrity, so that cells and organelles “leak”, leading to rapid leaf wilting and desiccation, and eventually to plant death. Examples of this second type of photosynthesis inhibitor include diquat and paraquat.

“PPO inhibitors” (b7) are chemical compounds that inhibit the enzyme protoporphyrinogen oxidase, quickly resulting in formation of highly reactive compounds in plants that rupture cell membranes, causing cell fluids to leak out. Examples of PPO inhibitors include acifluorfen-sodium, azafenidin, benzfendizone, bifenox, butafenacil, carfentrazone, carfentrazone-ethyl, chlomethoxyfen, cinidon-ethyl, fluazolate, flufenpyr-ethyl, flumiclorac-pentyl, flumioxazin, fluoroglycofen-ethyl, fluthiacet-methyl, fomesafen, halosafen, lactofen, oxadiargyl, oxadiazon, oxyfluorfen, pentoxazone, profluazol, pyraclonil, pyraflufen-ethyl, saflufenacil, sulfentrazone, thidiazimin, tiafenacil (methyl N-[2-[[2-chloro-5-[3,6-dihydro-3-methyl-2,6-dioxo-4-(trifluoromethyl)-1(2H)-pyrimidinyl]-4-fluorophenyl]thio]-1-oxopropyl]-β-alaninate) and 3-[7-fluoro-3,4-dihydro-3-oxo-4-(2-propyn-1-yl)-2H-1,4-benzoxazin-6-yl]dihydro-1,5-dimethyl-6-thioxo-1,3,5-triazine-2,4(1H,3H)-dione.

“GS (glutamine synthase) inhibitors” (b8) are chemical compounds that inhibit the activity of the glutamine synthetase enzyme, which plants use to convert ammonia into glutamine. Consequently, ammonia accumulates and glutamine levels decrease. Plant damage probably occurs due to the combined effects of ammonia toxicity and deficiency of amino acids required for other metabolic processes. The GS inhibitors include glufosinate and its esters and salts such as glufosinate-ammonium and other phosphinothricin derivatives, glufosinate-P ((2S)-2-amino-4-(hydroxymethylphosphinyl)butanoic acid) and bilanaphos.

“VLCFA (very long chain fatty acid) elongase inhibitors” (b9) are herbicides having a wide variety of chemical structures, which inhibit the elongase. Elongase is one of the enzymes located in or near chloroplasts which are involved in biosynthesis of VLCFAs. In plants, very-long-chain fatty acids are the main constituents of hydrophobic polymers that prevent desiccation at the leaf surface and provide stability to pollen grains. Such herbicides include acetochlor, alachlor, anilofos, butachlor, cafenstrole, dimethachlor, dimethenamid, diphenamid, fenoxasulfone (3-[[(2,5-dichloro-4-ethoxyphenyl)methyl]sulfonyl]-4,5-dihydro-5,5-dimethylisoxazole), fentrazamide, flufenacet, indanofan, mefenacet, metazachlor, metolachlor, naproanilide, napropamide, napropamide-M ((2R)-N,N-diethyl-2-(1-naphthalenyloxy)propanamide), pethoxamid, piperophos, pretilachlor, propachlor, propisochlor, pyroxasulfone, and thenylchlor, including resolved forms such as S-metolachlor and chloroacetamides and oxyacetamides.

“Auxin transport inhibitors” (b10) are chemical substances that inhibit auxin transport in plants, such as by binding with an auxin-carrier protein. Examples of auxin transport inhibitors include diflufenzopyr, naptalam (also known as N-(1-naphthyl)phthalamic acid and 2-[(1-naphthalenylamino)carbonyl]benzoic acid).

“PDS (phytoene desaturase inhibitors) (b11) are chemical compounds that inhibit carotenoid biosynthesis pathway at the phytoene desaturase step. Examples of PDS inhibitors include beflubutamid, diflufenican, fluridone, flurochloridone, flurtamone norflurzon and picolinafen.

“HPPD (4-hydroxyphenyl-pyruvate dioxygenase) inhibitors” (b12) are chemical substances that inhibit the biosynthesis of synthesis of 4-hydroxyphenyl-pyruvate dioxygenase. Examples of HPPD inhibitors include benzobicyclon, benzofenap, bicyclopyrone (4-hydroxy-3-[[2-[(2-methoxyethoxy)methyl]-6-(trifluoromethyl)-3-pyridinyl]carbonyl]bicyclo[3.2.1]oct-3-en-2-one), fenquinotrione (2-[[8-chloro-3,4-dihydro-4-(4-methoxyphenyl)-3-oxo-2-quinoxalinyl]carbonyl]-1,3-cyclohexanedione), isoxachlortole, isoxaflutole, mesotrione, pyrasulfotole, pyrazolynate, pyrazoxyfen, sulcotrione, tefuryltrione, tembotrione, topramezone, 5-chloro-3-[(2-hydroxy-6-oxo-1-cyclohexen-1-yl)carbonyl]-1-(4-methoxyphenyl)-2(1H)-quinoxalinone, 4-(2,6-diethyl-4-methylphenyl)-5-hydroxy-2, 6-dimethyl-3 (2H)-pyridazinone, 4-(4-fluorophenyl)-6-[(2-hydroxy-6-oxo-1-cyclohexen-1-yl)carbonyl]-2-methyl-1,2,4-triazine-3,5(2H,4H)-dione, 5-[(2-hydroxy-6-oxo-1-cyclohexen-1-yl)carbonyl]-2-(3-methoxyphenyl)-3-(3-methoxypropyl)-4(3H)-pyrimidinone, 2-methyl-N-(4-methyl-1,2,5-oxadiazol-3-yl)-3-(methyl sulfinyl)-4-(trifluoromethyl)benzamide and 2-methyl-3-(methylsulfonyl)-N-(1-methyl-1H-tetrazol-5-yl)-4-(trifluoromethyl)benzamide.

HST (homogentisate solenesyltransererase) inhibitors (b13) disrupt a plant's ability to convert homogentisate to 2-methyl-6-solanyl-1,4-benzoquinone, thereby disrupting carotenoid biosynthesis. Examples of HST inhibitors include haloxydine, pyriclor, 3-(2-chloro-3,6-difluorophenyl)-4-hydroxy-1-methyl-1,5-naphthyridin-2(1H)-one, 7-(3,5-dichloro-4-pyridinyl)-5-(2,2-difluoroethyl)-8-hydroxypyrido[2,3-b]pyrazin-6(5H)-one and 4-(2,6-diethyl-4-methylphenyl)-5-hydroxy-2,6-dimethyl-3 (2H)-pyridazinone.

HST inhibitors also include compounds of Formulae A and B.

-   wherein R^(d1) is H, Cl or CF₃; R^(d2) is H, Cl or Br; R^(d3) is H     or Cl; R^(d4) is H, Cl or CF₃; R^(d5) is CH₃, CH₂CH₃ or CH₂CHF₂; and     R^(d6) is OH, or —OC(═O)-i-Pr; and R^(e1) is H, F, Cl, CH₃ or     CH₂CH₃; R^(e2) is H or CF₃; R^(e3) is H, CH₃ or CH₂CH₃; R^(e4) is H,     F or Br; R^(e5) is Cl, CH₃, CF₃, OCF₃ or CH₂CH₃; R^(e6) is H, CH₃,     CH₂CHF₂ or CCH; R^(e7) is OH, —OC(═O)Et, —OC(═O)-i-Pr or     —OC(═O)-t-Bu; and A^(e8) is N or CH.

Cellulose biosynthesis inhibitors (b14) inhibit the biosynthesis of cellulose in certain plants. They are most effective when using a pre-aplication or early post-application on young or rapidly growing plants. Examples of cellulose biosynthesis inhibitors include chlorthiamid, dichlobenil, flupoxam, indaziflam (N²-[(1R,2S)-2,3-dihydro-2,6-dimethyl-1H-inden-1-yl]-6-(1-fluoroethyl)-1,3,5-triazine-2,4-diamine), isoxaben and triaziflam.

Other herbicides (b15) include herbicides that act through a variety of different modes of action such as mitotic disruptors (e.g., flamprop-M-methyl and flamprop-M-isopropyl) organic arsenicals (e.g., DSMA, and MSMA), 7,8-dihydropteroate synthase inhibitors, chloroplast isoprenoid synthesis inhibitors and cell-wall biosynthesis inhibitors. Other herbicides include those herbicides having unknown modes of action or do not fall into a specific category listed in (b1) through (b14) or act through a combination of modes of action listed above. Examples of other herbicides include aclonifen, asulam, amitrole, bromobutide, cinmethylin, clomazone, cumyluron, cyclopyrimorate (6-chloro-3-(2-cyclopropyl-6-methylphenoxy)-4-pyridazinyl 4-morpholinecarboxylate), daimuron, difenzoquat, etobenzanid, fluometuron, flurenol, fosamine, fosamine-ammonium, dazomet, dymron, ipfencarbazone (1-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)-N-(2,4-difluorophenyl)-1,5-dihydro-N-(1-methylethyl)-5-oxo-4H-1,2,4-triazole-4-carboxamide), metam, methyldymron, oleic acid, oxaziclomefone, pelargonic acid, pyributicarb and 5-[[(2,6-difluorophenyl)methoxy]methyl]-4,5-dihydro-5-methyl-3-(3-methyl-2-thienyl)isoxazole.

“Herbicide safeners” (b16) are substances added to a herbicide formulation to eliminate or reduce phytotoxic effects of the herbicide to certain crops. These compounds protect crops from injury by herbicides but typically do not prevent the herbicide from controlling undesired vegetation. Examples of herbicide safeners include but are not limited to benoxacor, cloquintocet-mexyl, cumyluron, cyometrinil, cyprosulfamide, daimuron, dichlormid, dicyclonon, dimepiperate, fenchlorazole-ethyl, fenclorim, flurazole, fluxofenim, furilazole, isoxadifen-ethyl, mefenpyr-diethyl, mephenate, methoxyphenone, naphthalic anhydride, oxabetrinil, N-(aminocarbonyl)-2-methylbenzenesulfonamide and N-(aminocarbonyl)-2-fluorobenzenesulfonamide, 1-bromo-4-[(chloromethyl)sulfonyl]benzene, 2-(dichloromethyl)-2-methyl-1,3-dioxolane (MG 191), 4-(dichloroacetyl)-1-oxa-4-azospiro[4.5]decane (MON 4660).

The compounds of Formula 1 can be prepared by general methods known in the art of synthetic organic chemistry. One or more of the following methods and variations as described in Schemes 1-9 can be used to prepare the compounds of Formula 1. The definitions of Q, R¹, R² and R³ in the compounds of Formulae 1-11 below are as defined above in the Summary of the Invention unless otherwise noted. Compounds of Formulae 1A-1C, 2A-2F, 4A and 8A are various subsets of the compounds of Formula 1, 2 4 and 8 and all substituents for Formulae 1A-1C, 2A-2F, 4A and 8A are as defined above for Formula 1 unless otherwise noted.

One or more of the following methods and variations as described in Schemes 1-9 can be used to prepare the compounds of Formula 1. The definitions of Q, R¹, R² and R³ in the compounds of Formulae 1-11 below are as defined above in the Summary of the Invention unless otherwise noted.

As shown in Scheme 1 a compound of Formula 1 can be prepared by nucleophilic substitution by heating a compound of Formula 2 in a suitable solvent, such as acetonitrile, tetrahydrofuran or N,N-dimethylformamide in the presence of a base such as potassium or cesium carbonate, at temperatures ranging from 50 to 110° C., with a compound of Formula 3 (where LG is halogen or SO₂Me). The reaction is typically conducted at temperatures ranging from 50 to 110° C.

Alternatively, as shown in Scheme 2, boron compounds of Formula 5 or tin compounds of Formula 6 can be coupled with intermediates of Formula 4 under Suzuki or Stille conditions to give compounds of Formula 1. Suzuki couplings typically are conducted in the presence of Pd(0) or Pd(II) salts, a suitable ligand, and a base. Suitable bases for this transformation include potassium carbonate or cesium carbonate, while Pd(II) salts such as Pd(OAc)₂ or PdCl₂ can be used in conjunction with ligands such as triphenylphosphine or 1,1′-bis(diphenylphosphino)ferrocene (dppf). Conditions for Suzuki couplings are well documented in the literature (see for example Angewandte Chemie International Edition 2006, 45, 3484 and Tetrahedron Letters 2002, 58(14), 2885). Boron intermediates of Formula 5 are commercially available or can be prepared from the corresponding halides or trifluoromethanesulfonates by methods known in the literature (see for example PCT Patent Publication WO 2007/043278, U.S. Pat. No. 8,080,566, Organic Letters 2011, 13(6), 1366 and Organic Letters 2012, 14(2), 600). Stille couplings typically can be conducted in the presence of Pd(0) or a Pd(II) salt, a ligand and a Cu(I) salt such as copper(I) iodide. The reaction can be run in a solvent such as dioxane, 1,2-dimethoxyethane or toluene at a temperature ranging from ambient to reflux. For conditions and reagents employed in Stille couplings see Chemical Reviews 2007, 107(1), 133-173.

As shown in Scheme 3, a compound of Formula 2C (i.e. a compound of Formula 2 where Z is O) can be prepared by deprotection of a compound of Formula 2B (i.e. a compound of Formula 2A wherein Z is O; and R^(A) is CH₃ or —C(═O)CH₃) with a suitable deprotecting agent. Suitable methoxy (i.e. when R^(A) is CH₃) deprotecting reagents such as BBr₃, AlCl₃ and HBr in acetic acid can be used in the presence of solvents such as toluene, dichloromethane and dichloroethane at a temperature of from −80 to 120° C. Suitable acetoxy (i.e. when R^(A) is —C(═O)CH₃) deprotecting agents include potassium carbonate in methanol or ammonium acetate in aqueous methanol at room temperature can be used as discussed in Das, et al., Tetrahedron 2003, 59, 1049-1054 and methods cited therein. Alternatively, a compound of Formula 2B can be combined with Amberlyst 15© in methanol (as discussed in Das, et al. Tet. Lett. 2003, 44, 5465-5468) or combined with sodium acetate in ethanol (as discussed in Narender, T., et al. Synthetic Communications 2009, 39(11), 1949-1956) to obtain a compound of Formula 2C. Other useful phenolic protecting groups suitable for use in preparing a compound of Formula 2C can be found in Greene, T. W.; Wuts, P. G. M. Protective Groups in Organic Synthesis, 4th ed.; Wiley: Hoboken, N.J., 1991.

An intermediate of Formula 2B can be prepared as shown in Scheme 4 from an intermediate of Formula 7 by a variety of methods known to one skilled in the art. Compounds of Formula 2B can be accessed by coupling precursors of Formula 7 wherein J is Br, Cl, I or trifluoromethanesulfonate with boronate or trialkyltin group-containing heterocycles (i.e compounds of Formula 5 or Formula 6 using the Suzuki conditions or the

Stille conditions of Scheme 2). Alternatively, compounds of Formula 7 wherein J is a boronate or trialkyltin group may be coupled with halogen-substituted heterocycles Q-X using the methods shown in Scheme 2 to afford compounds of Formula 2B. The skilled chemist will realize that with the prudent choice of groups X and J in reactions involving compounds of Formula 7 and Q-X can synthesize the intermediate 2B utilizing various cross coupling procedures such as Kumada coupling, Hiyama coupling or Negishi coupling described in “Metal-Catalyzed Cross-Coupling Reactions”, Eds. A. de Meijere and F. Diederich, Wiley-VCH, Weinheim, 2004, vols 1 and 2.

When J in Formula 7 is an alkene, alkyne, oxime, nitrile or ketone, various heterocycles can be prepared using methods described in Katritsky, Advances in Heterocyclic Chemistry, Vol. 1-104, Elsevier. In cases where regioisomeric mixtures are produced, the desired product can be isolated using routing separation techniques known in the art.

As shown in Scheme 5, a compound of Formula 4A can be prepared by coupling of phenols of Formula 9 with a compound of Formula 3 under the nucleophilic substitution conditions described in Scheme 1.

As shown in Scheme 6, a compound of Formula 1B, (i.e. a compound of Formula 1 where Z is O; and m is 1 at the 3-position) can be prepared by “C—H activation” of a compound of Formula 1A (a compound of Formula 1 wherein Z is O; and m is 0). For example, paladium(II) acetate along with either an N-halosuccinimide, PhI(OAc)₂, N-fluoropyridinium tetrafluoroborate, or a lower alkyl boronic acid can be used to introduce the R³ variable as I, Br, Cl, —OAc, F, and lower alkyl substituents respectively. These methods are detailed in reviews of selective activation of C—H bonds in Chemical Reviews 2010, 110, 575-1211 and references cited therein. Methods for “C—H activation” can also be found in Wencel-Delord et al., Nature Chemistry 2013, 5, 369-375 and a series of reviews of “C—H activation” in Accounts of Chemical Research 2012, 45, 777-958 and references cited therein. Iodides and bromides of Formula 1B can then be further functionalized by various cross coupling procedures described in “Metal-Catalyzed Cross-Coupling Reactions”, Eds A. de Meijere and F. Diederich, Wiley-VCH, Weinheim, 2004, vols 1 and 2.

Chemistry based on “C—H activation” can also be used to prepare a compound of Formula 2D (i.e. a compound of Formula 2 wherein Z is O; R^(A) is —C(O)CH₃; and m is 1 at the 3-position) as shown in Scheme 7 utilizing palladium(II) acetate and (diacetoxyiodo)benzene as described above for Scheme 6. A compound of Formula 2D can subsequently be converted via methods disclosed in Schemes 1 and 6 to provide a compound of Formula 1.

Similarly, chemistry based on “C—H activation” can be used to prepare a compound of Formulae 2F (i.e. a compound of Formula 2A wherein Z is S) as shown in Scheme 8. A compound of Formula 8 can first be converted to a compound of Formula 8A (i.e. a compound of Formula 6 wherin the ortho “H” is X; and X is Br or I) by utilizing a stepwise introduction of substituents using “C—H activation”. Iodides and bromides of Formula 8A can then be further functionalized by copper mediated cross-coupling with thiourea as described in Qi, Junsheng, Chin. J. Chem. 2010, 28, 1441-1443 to provide the aryl thiol after acidic deprotection. Palladium catalyzed cross-coupling reactions of aryl halides can give protected thiols that can, in turn, be deprotected under either acidic conditions or basic conditions (e.g. cesium fluoride) to provide a compound of Formula 2F. These conditions are discussed in Organ, Michael G., Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2012, 51, 3314-3322 and the references cited therein. Also, relevant conditions can be found in Takashiro Itoh, J. Org. Chem. 2006, 71, 2203-2206. A compound of Formula 2F can then be converted via methods disclosed in Schemes 1 and 7 to provide a compound of Formula 1.

In Scheme 9, the phenol, 2E is reacted with N,N-dimethyl thiocarbamoyl chloride in N,N-dimethylformamide in the presence of a strong tertiary amine base such as 1,4-diazabicyclo[2.2.2]octane or N-methylmorpholine for acidic phenols (for less-acidic phenols, prior deprotonation with sodium hydride may be advantageous) to form the O-aryl N,N-dimethylthiocarbamate of Formula 10. Newman-Kwart rearrangement of a compound of Formula 10 at temperatures ranging from 200 to 300° C. provides the intermediate S-aryl dimethylthiocarbamate of Formula 11. A one-pot deprotection of a compound of Formula 11 is readily achieved using 10% aqueous sodium hydroxide or methanolic potassium hydroxide to afford the corresponding aryl thiol. Subsequent reaction with a compound of Formula 3 at or slightly above room temperature provides the product 1C (i.e. a compound of Formula 1 wherein Z is S). Methods for Newman-Kwart rearrangements are found in Lloyd-Jones, Guy C., Synthesis 2008, 661-689.

It is recognized by one skilled in the art that various functional groups can be converted into others to provide different a compound of Formula 1. For a valuable resource that illustrates the interconversion of functional groups in a simple and straightforward fashion, see Larock, R. C., Comprehensive Organic Transformations: A Guide to Functional Group Preparations, 2nd Ed., Wiley-VCH, New York, 1999. For example, intermediates for the preparation of a compound of Formula 1 may contain aromatic nitro groups, which can be reduced to amino groups, and then be converted via reactions well known in the art such as the Sandmeyer reaction, to various halides, providing a compound of Formula 1. The above reactions can also in many cases be performed in alternate order

It is recognized that some reagents and reaction conditions described above for preparing a compound of Formula 1 may not be compatible with certain functionalities present in the intermediates. In these instances, the incorporation of protection/deprotection sequences or functional group interconversions into the synthesis will aid in obtaining the desired products. The use and choice of the protecting groups will be apparent to one skilled in chemical synthesis (see, for example, Greene, T. W.; Wuts, P. G. M. Protective Groups in Organic Synthesis, 4th ed.; Wiley: Hoboken, N.J., 1991). One skilled in the art will recognize that, in some cases, after the introduction of a given reagent as it is depicted in any individual scheme, it may be necessary to perform additional routine synthetic steps not described in detail to complete the synthesis of a compound of Formula 1. One skilled in the art will also recognize that it may be necessary to perform a combination of the steps illustrated in the above schemes in an order other than that implied by the particular presented to prepare a compound of Formula 1.

One skilled in the art will also recognize that a compound of Formula 1 and the intermediates described herein can be subjected to various electrophilic, nucleophilic, radical, organometallic, oxidation, and reduction reactions to add substituents or modify existing sub stituents.

Without further elaboration, it is believed that one skilled in the art using the preceding description can utilize the present invention to its fullest extent. The following Examples are, therefore, to be construed as merely illustrative, and not limiting of the disclosure in any way whatsoever. Steps in the following Examples illustrate a procedure for each step in an overall synthetic transformation, and the starting material for each step may not have necessarily been prepared by a particular preparative run whose procedure is described in other Examples or Steps. Percentages are by weight except for chromatographic solvent mixtures or where otherwise indicated. Parts and percentages for chromatographic solvent mixtures are by volume unless otherwise indicated. ¹H NMR spectra are reported in ppm downfield from tetramethylsilane in CDCl₃; “s” means singlet, “d” means doublet, “t” means triplet, “q” means quartet, “m” means multiplet, “dd” means doublet of doublets, “dt” means doublet of triplets, and “bs” means broad singlet.

It is recognized by one skilled in the art that various functional groups can be converted into others to provide different compounds of Formula 1. For a valuable resource that illustrates the interconversion of functional groups in a simple and straightforward fashion, see Larock, R. C., Comprehensive Organic Transformations: A Guide to Functional Group Preparations, 2nd Ed., Wiley-VCH, New York, 1999. For example, intermediates for the preparation of compounds of Formula 1 may contain aromatic nitro groups, which can be reduced to amino groups, and then be converted via reactions well known in the art such as the Sandmeyer reaction, to various halides, providing compounds of Formula 1. The above reactions can also in many cases be performed in alternate order

It is recognized that some reagents and reaction conditions described above for preparing compounds of Formula 1 may not be compatible with certain functionalities present in the intermediates. In these instances, the incorporation of protection/deprotection sequences or functional group interconversions into the synthesis will aid in obtaining the desired products. The use and choice of the protecting groups will be apparent to one skilled in chemical synthesis (see, for example, Greene, T. W.; Wuts, P. G. M. Protective Groups in Organic Synthesis, 2nd ed.; Wiley: New York, 1991). One skilled in the art will recognize that, in some cases, after the introduction of a given reagent as it is depicted in any individual scheme, it may be necessary to perform additional routine synthetic steps not described in detail to complete the synthesis of compounds of Formula 1. One skilled in the art will also recognize that it may be necessary to perform a combination of the steps illustrated in the above schemes in an order other than that implied by the particular presented to prepare the compounds of Formula 1.

One skilled in the art will also recognize that compounds of Formula 1 and the intermediates described herein can be subjected to various electrophilic, nucleophilic, radical, organometallic, oxidation, and reduction reactions to add substituents or modify existing sub stituents.

Without further elaboration, it is believed that one skilled in the art using the preceding description can utilize the present invention to its fullest extent. The following Examples are, therefore, to be construed as merely illustrative, and not limiting of the disclosure in any way whatsoever. Steps in the following Examples illustrate a procedure for each step in an overall synthetic transformation, and the starting material for each step may not have necessarily been prepared by a particular preparative run whose procedure is described in other Examples or Steps. Percentages are by weight except for chromatographic solvent mixtures or where otherwise indicated. Parts and percentages for chromatographic solvent mixtures are by volume unless otherwise indicated. ¹H NMR spectra are reported in ppm downfield from tetramethylsilane at 500 MHz in CDCl₃ unless otherwise indicated; “s” means singlet, “d” means doublet, “t” means triplet, “q” means quartet, “m” means multiplet, “dd” means doublet of doublets and “dt” means doublet of triplets.

SYNTHESIS EXAMPLE 1 Synthesis of 3-[2-[(5-chloro-2-pyrimidinyl)oxy]phenyl]-5-isoxazolemethanol (Compound 31) Step A: Synthesis of 5-chloro-2-[2-[5-[[[(1,1-dimethylethyl)diphenylsilyl]oxy]methyl]-3-isoxazolyl]phenoxy]pyrimidine

To a solution of 3-(2-methoxyphenyl)-5-isoxazolemethanol (prepared as described in Bioorganic Med. Chem. 2004, 12, 3965 (0.500 mg, 0.243 mmol) in tetrahydrofuran (25 mL) was added t-butyldiphenylsilyl chloride (0.804 mg, 2.92 mmol) followed by imidazole (0.199 mg, 2.92 mmol). After 2 h the solvent was removed under vacuum. Purification using chromatography on silica gel eluting with 0 to 100% ethyl acetate in hexanes to afford the intermediate 5-[[[(1,1-dimethylethyl)diphenylsilyl]oxy]methyl]-3-(2-methoxyphenyl)isoxazole and the material was taken on without further purification.

To a solution of 5-[[[(1,1-dimethylethyl)diphenylsilyl]oxy]methyl]-3-(2-methoxyphenyl)isoxazole (3.10 g, 0.699 mmol) in dichloromethane (35 mL) at 0° C. was added a 1.0 M solution of boron tribromide (34.9 mL) and the reaction was stirred at this temperature for 1 h. The reaction was quenched with a saturated solution of sodium bicarbonate. The phases were separated, and the aqueous layer was washed with additional dichloromethane. The combined organic phases were combined, dried with MgSO₄ and concentrated under vacuum. Purification by chromatography on silica gel eluting with 0 to 100% ethyl acetate in hexanes afforded 2-[5-[[[(1,1-dimethylethyl)diphenylsilyl]oxy]methyl]-3-isoxazolyl]phenol which was taken taken to the next step withot further purification.

To a solution of 2-[5-[[[(1,1-dimethylethyl)diphenylsilyl]oxy]methyl]-3-isoxazolyl]phenol (2.78 g, 6.47 mmol) in acetonitrile (60 mL) was added 2,5-dichloropyrimidine (1.15 g, 7.70 mmol) and potassium carbonate (2.24 g, 16.2 mmol) and the reaction was heated to 80° C. for 6 h. The reaction mixture was allowed to warm to room temperature and the solvent was removed under vacuum. Purification by chromatography on silica gel eluting with 0 to 100% ethyl acetate in hexanes afforded the title product (2.27 g).

¹H NMR δ 8.41 (s, 2H), 8.00-7.97 (m, 1H), 7.67-7.61 (m, 4H), 7.56-7.50 (m, 1H), 7.47-7.36 (m, 7H), 7.28-7.26 (m, 1H), 6.56 (t, 1H), 1.05 (s, 9H). MS (AP⁺)=542.

Step B: Synthesis of 3-[2-[(5-chloro-2-pyrimidinyl)oxy]phenyl]-5-isoxazolemethanol

To a solution of 5-chloro-2-[5-[[[(1,1-dimethylethyl)diphenylsilyl]oxy]methyl]-3-isoxazolyl]phenoxy]pyrimidine (i.e. the product from Step A) (2.27 g, 4.19 mmol) in tetrahydrofuran (15 mL) was added acetic acid (0.50 mL) followed by a solution of 75% tetrabutylammonium fluoride in water (2.9 mL) and the reaction was allowed to stir for 2 h. The reaction was quenched with a saturated solution of sodium bicarbonate and the phases were partitioned and the aqueous phase was further washed with ethyl acetate. The combined organic phases were combined, dried over MgSO₄ and concentrated under vacuum. Purification by chromatography on silica gel eluting with 0 to 100% ethyl acetate in hexanes afforded the title product, a compound of the present invention (1.21 g).

¹H NMR δ 8.45 (s, 2H), 7.99-7.95 (m, 1H), 7.56-7.52 (m, 1H), 7.42-7.38 (m, 1H), 7.28-7.25 (m, 1H), 6.64-6.61 (m, 1H), 4.77-4.73 (m, 2H).

SYNTHESIS EXAMPLE 2 Synthesis of 3-[2-[(5-chloro-2-pyrimidinyl)oxy]phenyl]-5-isoxazolecarboxaldehyde (Compound 33) Step A: Synthesis of 3-[2-[(5-chloro-2-pyrimidinyl)oxy]phenyl]-5-isoxazolecarboxaldehyde

Pyridinium chlorochromate (263 mg, 1.22 mmol) and silica gel (200 mg) were combined and mixed as solids. This mixture was then added to a stirring solution of 3-[2-[(5-chloro-2-pyrimidinyl)oxy]phenyl]-5-isoxazolemethanol (i.e. the product obtained in Step A of Example 1) (309 mg, 1.02 mmol) in dichloromethane (5.0 mL) and the reaction was allowed to stir for 18 h. The solution was filtered to remove the silica gel and the organic phase was washed with a 1 M hydrochloric acid solution. The organic phase was dried with MgSO₄ and concentrated under vacuum. Purification by chromatography on silica gel eluting with 0 to 100% ethyl acetate in hexanes to afforded the title product, a compound of the present invention (0.307 g).

¹H NMR δ 9.95 (s, 1H), 8.46 (s, 2H), 8.06-8.01 (m, 1H), 7.61-7.56 (m, 1H), 7.47-7.41 (m, 1H), 7.38 (s, 1H), 7.32-7.29 (m, 1H). MS (AP⁺)=302.

SYNTHESIS EXAMPLE 3 Synthesis of 5-chloro-2-[2-[5-(difluoromethyl)-3 soxazolyl]phenoxy]pyrimidine (Compound 35) Step A Synthesis of 5-chloro-2-[2-[5-(difluoromethyl)-3-isoxazolyl]phenoxy]pyrimidine

To a stirred solution of 3-[2-[(5-chloro-2-pyrimidinyl)oxy]phenyl]-5-isoxazolecarboxaldehyde (i.e. the product from Step A of Example 2) (100 mg, 0.332 mmol) in dichloromethane (3.0 mL) at −78° C. was added Deoxo-Fluor® (161 mg, 0.729 mmol) and the reaction was allowed to return to ambient temperature. Upon consumption of the starting material as evidenced by thin-layer chromatography, the solvent was removed under vacuum. Purification by chromatography on silica gel eluting with 0 to 100% ethyl acetate in hexanes to afforded the title product, a compound of the present invention (36.3 mg).

¹H NMR δ 8.46 (s, 2H), 8.01-7.96 (m, 1H), 7.59-7.54 (m, 1H), 7.44-7.38 (m, 1H), 7.31-7.27 (m, 1H), 6.98-6.96 (s, 1H), 6.83-6.60 (m, 1H). MS (ESI⁺)=324.

SYNTHESIS EXAMPLE 4 Synthesis of 2-[2-(3-bromo-5 soxazolyl)phenoxy]-5-chloropyrimidine (Compound 12) Step A: Synthesis of 3-bromo-5-(2-methoxyphenyl)isoxazole

To a solution of 1-ethynyl-2-methoxybenzene (0.78 g, 5.92 mmol) in dichloromethane (10 mL) was added dibromoformaldoxime (1.00 g, 4.93 mmol). The mixture was cooled to 0° C. and potassium bicarbonate (1.48 g, 14.8 mmol) was added, followed by heating to 40° C. for 18 h. Water was added to the reaction mixture, the phases separated, and the aqueous layer was again washed with dichloromethane. The combined organic phases were dried over MgSO₄, concentrated under vacuum, and purified by chromatography on silica gel eluting with 0 to 100% ethyl acetate in hexanes to afford the title product, a compound of the present invention (1.04 g).

¹H NMR δ 7.94 (dd, 1H), 7.47-7.42 (m, 1H), 7.09 (dd, 1H), 7.02 (dd, 1H), 6.85 (s, 1H), 3.97 (s, 3H). MS (AP+)=254.

Step B: Synthesis of 2-(3-bromo-5-isoxazolyl)phenol

To a solution of 3-bromo-5-(2-methoxyphenyl)isoxazole (i.e. the product from Step A) (0.50 g, 1.97 mmol) in dichloromethane (20 mL) was added a 1 M solution of boron tribromide in dichloromethane (9.86 mmol) at −78° C. and the solution was allowed to warm to room temperature and stir for 18 h. Dichloroethane (20 mL) was added, and reaction mixture was concentrated to remove the excess dichloromethane. Boron tribromide in dichloromethane (9.86 mmol) was again added and the reaction was heated to 80° C. until completion as evidenced by thin-layer chromatography. The reaction mixture was allowed to cool to ambient temperature and quenched with a saturated solution of sodium bicarbonate. The phases were separated and the aqueous layer was again washed with dichloromethane. The combined organic phases were dried with MgSO₄, concentrated under vacuum, and purified by chromatography on silica gel eluting with 0 to 100% ethyl acetate in hexanes to afford the title product (0.395 g).

¹H NMR δ 7.76 (dd, 1H), 7.39-7.33 (m, 1H), 7.09-7.02 (m, 1H), 6.96-6.93 (m, 1H), 6.02 (s, 1H). MS (AP⁻)=238.

Step C: 2-[2-(3-bromo-5-isoxazolyl)phenoxy]-5-chloropyrimidine

To a solution of 2-(3-bromo-5-isoxazolyl)phenol (i.e. the product from Step B) (100 mg, 0.417 mmol) in acetonitrile (5 mL) was added 2,5-dichloropyrimidine (75.0 mg, 0.503 mmol) and potassium carbonate (288 mg, 2.08 mmol) then the solution was stirred at ambient temperature for 18 h. The reaction was then heated at 40° C. for 2 h followed by 80° C. for two hours. The solution was then cooled to ambient temperature, water was added, the phases were separated and the aqueous layer was again washed with dichloromethane. The combined organic phases were dried over MgSO₄, concentrated under vacuum, and purified by chromatography on silica gel eluting with 0 to 100% ethyl acetate in hexanes to afford the title product, a compound of the present invention (122 mg).

¹H NMR δ 8.49 (s, 2H), 8.03 (dd, 1H), 7.58-7.53 (m, 1H), 7.43 (dt, 1H), 7.29 (dd, 1H), 6.74 (s, 1H). MS (AP+)=352.

SYNTHESIS EXAMPLE 5 Synthesis of 5-chloro-2-[2-[4-(trifluoromethyl)-2-pyridinyl]phenoxy]pyrimidine (Compound 25) Step A: Synthesis of 2-[4-(trifluoromethyl)-2-pyridinyl]phenol

2-Chloro-4-trifluoromethylpyridine (1.0 g, 5.5 mmol) and 2-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl)phenol (1.57 g, 7.16 mmol) were combined in dimethoxyethane (18 mL) and water (1.8 mL). To this mixture were added sodium carbonate (2.28 g, 16.5 mmol) and tetrakis(triphenylphosphine)palladium(0) (0.32 g, 0.27 mmol). The reaction was heated at 90° C. for 2.5 h and allowed to stir at 23° C. for 18 h. The mixture was diluted with water (20 mL) and dichloromethane (20 mL) and the layers separated. The aqueous layer was washed with dichloromethane (10 mL). The combined dichloromethane layers were washed with saturated aqueous sodium chloride solution (10 mL) and dried over sodium sulfate. After filtration the organic layer was evaporated and the solid thus obtained was triturated with hexanes (20 mL). The filtrate was concentrated to provide 1.18 g of the title compound as a yellow solid which was used in Step B without further purification.

¹H NMR δ 13.61 (s, 1H), 8.72 (d, 1H), 8.12 (s, 1H), 7.83 (d, 1H), 7.47 (m, 1H), 7.36 (s, 1H), 7.06 (d, 1H), 6.96 (t, 1H).

Step B Synthesis of 5-chloro-2-[2-[4-(trifluoromethyl)-2-pyridinyl]phenoxy]pyrimidine

2-[4-(Trifluoromethyl)-2-pyridinyl]phenol (i.e. the product from Step A) (0.20 g, 0.84 mmol) and 2,5-dichloropyrimidine (0.14 g, 0.92 mmol) were dissolved in acetonitrile (2 mL) and treated with powdered potassium carbonate (0.34 g, 2.5 mmol). The mixture was heated to 80° C. for 18 h. After cooling, the reaction mixture was diluted with water (10 mL) and ethyl acetate (10 mL) and the layers separated. The aqueous layer was washed with ethyl acetate (10 mL). The combined ethyl acetate solution was washed with saturated aqueous sodium chloride solution (10 mL) and dried over MgSO₄. The filtrate was evaporated under reduced pressure and subjected to chromatography through 12 g silica gel eluting with 10 to 20% ethyl acetate in hexanes. Appropriate fractions were pooled and evaporated to provide the title compound, a compound of the present invention (0.2 g) as a clear oil.

¹H NMR δ 8.75 (d, 1H), 8.39 (s, 2H), 7.91 (s, 1H), 7.88 (m, 1H), 7.54 (m, 1H), 7.44 (m, 1H), 7.37 (d, 1H), 7.28 (m, 1H).

SYNTHESIS EXAMPLE 6 Synthesis of 5-chloro-2-[4-methyl-2-[6-(trifluoromethyl)-3-pyridinyl]phenoxy]pyrimidine

(Compound 22)

Step A: Synthesis of 2-(2-bromo-4-methylphenoxy)-5-chloropyrimidine

2-Bromo-4-methylphenol (280 mg, 1.5 mmol) and 2,5-dichloropyrimidine (246 mg, 1.65 mmol) were combined in 6 mL of acetonitrile under a nitrogen atmosphere. Powdered potassium carbonate (455 mg, 3.3 mmol) was added and the resulting mixture was heated at reflux for 6 h. The reaction mixture was cooled and diluted with de-ionized water and ethyl acetate. The aqueous layer was separated and extracted twice with ethyl acetate. The combined organic layers were washed with brine, dried over MgSO₄, filtered and concentrated under reduced pressure. The resulting residue was purified by medium pressure liquid chromatography on silica gel eluting with 0 to 15% ethyl acetate in hexanes to yield the title compound (270 mg).

¹H NMR δ 8.48 (s, 2H), 7.47 (d, 1H), 7.18 (m, 1H), 7.11 (m, 1H), 2.37 (s, 3H).

Step B Synthesis of 5-chloro-2-[4-methyl-2-[6-(trifluoromethyl)-3-pyridinyl]phenoxy]pyrimidine

A mixture of 2-(2-bromo-4-methylphenoxy)-5-chloropyrimidine (i.e. the product of Step A; 190 mg, 0.63 mmol), B-[6-(trifluoromethyl)-3-pyridinyl]-boronic acid (133 mg, 0.70 mmol), sodium carbonate (0.6 mL of 2 M aqueous solution, 1.26 mmol) and tetrakis(triphenylphosphine)palladium(0) (73 mg, 0.06 mmol) in toluene (9 mL) and ethanol (1 mL) was heated at 90° C. for 2 h. The reaction mixture was then concentrated under reduced pressure, and the residue was purified by medium pressure liquid chromatography on silica gel eluted with 0 to 10% ethyl acetate in hexanes to yield the title compound, a compound of the present invention (190 mg).

¹H NMR δ 8.77 (d, 1H), 8.36 (s, 2H), 8.02 (m, 1H), 7.64 (d, 1H), 7.31 (m, 2H), 7.15 (d, 1H), 2.45 (s, 3H).

SYNTHESIS EXAMPLE 7 Synthesis of 5-chloro-2-[2-[3-(difluoromethyl)-5-isoxazolyl]phenoxy]pyrimidine (Compound 53) Step A: Synthesis of 2-(3-difluoromethyl-5-isoxazolyl)phenol

To a solution of 25% sodium methoxide in methanol (5 mL) and tetrahydrofuran (10 mL), acetophenone (1 g, 7.3 mmol) and difluoroacetate (1 g, 8.1 mmol) in tetrahydrofuran (2 mL) was added and heated at 60° C. for 5 h. The reaction was cooled to room temperature and treated with 36% aq hydrochloric acid (4 mL) and stirred at 60° C. for 2 h. The reaction was quenched by adding water (15 mL) and the organic solvent was removed under vacuum. The precipitated product 2-difluoromethyl-4-chromenone (1.4 g) was filtered and dissolved in ethanol (5 mL). To this solution, hydroxylamine acetate (22 mmol) in water (5 mL) was added and the mixture was heated at 60° C. for 3 h. After cooling the reaction to ambient temperature 4,4-difluoro-1-(2-hydroxyphenyl)-butane-1,3-dione 3-oxime was precipitated with the addition of water (20 mL). This product was collected by filtration and suspended in acetic acid (5 mL) and 36% aqueous hydrochloric acid (1.8 mL) at room temperature and stirred at 80° C. for 15 min to obtain the titile compound as a beige solid (800 mg).

¹H NMR δ 7.82 (m,1 H), 7.36 (s, 1 H), 7.07 (m, 1 H), 6.95 (m, 2H), 6.82 (t, 1H), 6.05 (s, 1H). MS (ESI⁺)=212

Step B: Synthesis of 5-chloro-2-[2-[3-(difluoromethyl)-5-isoxazolyl]phenoxy]-pyrimidine

To a solution of 2-(3-difluoromethyl-5-isoxazolyl)phenol (i.e. the product from Step A) (2.1 g, 9.71 mmol) in anhydrous N,N-dimethylformamide (8 mL) was added 2,5-dichloropyrimidine (1.5 g, 10.2 mmol) and potassium carbonate (2.9 g, 21.3 mmol). The reaction was heated at 90° C. for 1 h. The solution was cooled to ambient temperature and diluted with water. The phases were separated and the aqueous phase was washed with additional ethyl acetate. The organic phases were combined, dried with magnesium sulfate and concentrated under vacuum. Purification by chromatography on silica gel eluting with 0 to 10% ethyl acetate in hexanes afforded the title compound, a compound of the present invention, as a solid (2.2 g).

¹H NMR δ 8.49 (s, 2H), 8.06 (m, 1H), 7.57 (m, 1H), 7.44 (m, 1H), 7.31 (m, 1H), 6.88 (s, 1H), 6.74 (t, 1H). MS (ESI⁺)=324

SYNTHESIS EXAMPLE 8 Synthesis of 5-chloro-2-[2-[3-(difluoromethyl)-5-isoxazolyl]-3-fluorophenoxy]pyrimidine (Compound 144) Step A: Synthesis of 4,4-difluoro-1-(2-fluoro-6-methoxyphenyl)butane-1,3-dione

To a solution of 1-(2-fluoro-6-methoxyphenyl)ethanone (2.6 g, 15.5 mmol) and difluoroacetic acid ethyl ester (3.9 mL, 31.0 mmol) in anhydrous N,N-dimethylformamide at 0° C. was added sodium hydride (1.2 g, 31.0 mmol). The reaction mixture was heated at 80° C. for 1 h. The reaction was then cooled to 0° C., diluted with ethyl acetate and acidified with 1 N aqueous hydrochloric acid. The phases were separated and the aqueous phase was washed with additional ethyl acetate. The organic phases were combined and dried with magnesium sulfate and concentrated under vacuum. Purification by chromatography on silica gel eluting with 0 to 15% ethyl acetate in hexanes afforded the title compound (2.5 g).

¹H NMR δ 7.39 (m, 1H), 6.77 (m, 2H), 6.24 (s, 1H), 6.01 (t, 1 H), 3.87 (s, 3 H). MS (ESI⁺)=247

Step B: Synthesis of 3-difluoromethyl-5-(2-fluoro-6-methoxyphenyl)isoxazole

A solution of 4,4-difluoro-1-(2-fluoro-6-methoxyphenyl)butane-1,3-dione (i.e. the product from Step A) (2.5 g, 10 mmol) and hydroxylamine hydrochloride (2.1 g, 30 mmol) in ethanol (25 mL) was stirred at 80° C. After 1 h the solvent was removed under vacuum. The resulting residue was diluted with water and extracted with dichloromethane. The organic phase was dried with magnesium sulfate and concentrated under vacuum. Purification by chromatography on silica gel eluting with 0 to 15% ethyl acetate in hexanes afforded the title compound (1.5 g).

¹H NMR δ 7.41 (m, 1 H), 6.69-6.98 (m, 4H), 3.93 (s, 3 H). MS (ESI+)=244

Step C: Synthesis of 2-(3-difluoromethyl-5-isoxazolyl)-3-fluorophenol

To a solution of 3-difluoromethyl-5-(2-fluoro-6-methoxyphenyl)isoxazole (i.e. the product from Step B) (1.5 g, 6.2 mmol.) in dichloromethane (10 mL) at 0° C. was added a 1.0 M solution of boron tribromide in dichloromethane (31 mL, 31 mmol). The reaction mixture was warmed to ambient temperature and stirred for 6 h. The reaction was cooled to 0° C. and slowly quenched with a saturated aqueous solution of sodium bicarbonate. The biphasic mixture was stirred at room temperature for 1 h. The phases were separated and the aqueous phase was extracted with dichloromethane. The combined organic phases were dried and concentrated under vacuum. The crude residue was purified by chromatography on silica gel, eluting with 0 to 10% ethyl acetate in hexanes, to afford the title compound (980 mg).

¹H NMR δ 7.33 (m, 1 H), 6.66-6.99 (m, 4 H). MS (ESI+)=230

Step D: Synthesis of 5-chloro-2-[2-[3-(difluoromethyl)-5-isoxazolyl]-3-fluorophenoxy]pyrimidine

To a solution of 2-(3-difluoromethyl-5-isoxazolyl)-3-fluorophenol (i.e. the product from Step C) (120 mg, 0.5 mmol) in anhydrous N,N-dimethylformamide (2 mL) was added 2,5-dichloropyrimidine (85 mg, 0.57 mmol) and potassium carbonate (244 mg, 1.04 mmol). The reaction was heated at 80° C. for 4 h. The mixture was cooled to ambient temperature and diluted with water. The phases were separated and the aqueous phase was washed with additional ethyl acetate. The organic phases were combined, dried with magnesium sulfate and concentrated under vacuum. Purification by chromatography on silica gel eluting with 0 to 15% ethyl acetate in hexanes afforded the title compound, a compound of the present invention, as a solid (110 mg).

¹H NMR δ 8.46 (s, 2H), 7.56 (m, 1H), 7.21 (m, 1H), 7.13 (m, 1H), 6.87 (m, 1 H), 6.74 (t, 1 H). MS (ESI⁺)=342

SYNTHESIS EXAMPLE 9 Synthesis of 5-chloro-2-[2-[5-(difluoromethyl)-3-isoxazolyl]-3-fluorophenoxy]pyrimidine (Compound 55) Step A: Synthesis of 4,4-difluoro-1-(2-fluoro-6-methoxyphenyl)butane-1,3-dione

A solution of 2-fluoro-6-methoxyacetophenone (6.83 g, 40.6 mmol) and ethyl difluoroacetate (7.45 g, 60 mmol) in tetrahydrofuran (35 mL) was added dropwise to a solution of tetrahydrofuran (20 mL) and 25% sodium methoxide (10.2 g, 47.2 mmol) over 15 minutes. The reaction was complete in 3h as determined by high pressure liquid chromatography. The reaction was partially concentrated under vacuum to remove most of the tetrahydrofuran and methanol, and then diluted with toluene and water. The aqueous phase was acidified with 37% hydrochloric acid (5 g), followed by extraction with toluene. The combined organic phases were concentrated under vacuum to provide title compound (7.98 g).

¹HMR δ 7.39 (td, 1 H) 6.72-6.81 (m, 2H) 6.25 (d, 1 H) 5.87-6.14 (m, 1 H) 3.88 (s, 3 H).

Step B: Synthesis of 5-(difluoromethyl)-3-(2-fluoro-6-methoxyphenyl)-4H-isoxazol-5-ol

To a solution of 4,4-difluoro-1-(2-fluoro-6-methoxyphenyl)butane-1,3-dione (i.e. the product from Step A) (7.98 g, 32.4 mmol) in 35 mL methanol at room temperature was added a 50% hydroxylamine solution (2.78 g, 42.1 mmol) and IN sodium hydroxide solution (1.50 mL, 1.50 mmol) followed by heating to 65° C. for 2h. The reaction was cooled to room temperature and diluted with water and toluene. The phases were separated and the organic phase was concentrated under vacuum to provide the title compound (7.99 g).

¹H NMR δ 7.36 (td, 1 H) 6.73-6.82 (m, 2 H) 5.79-6.05 (m, 1 H) 3.88 (s, 3 H) 3.67-3.73 (m, 1 H) 3.47-3.51 (m, 1 H) 3.34-3.42 (m, 1 H).

Step C: Synthesis of 5-(difluoromethyl)-3-(2-fluoro-6-methoxyphenyl)isoxazole

To toluene (80 mL) was added 5-(difluoromethyl)-3-(2-fluoro-6-methoxyphenyl)-4H-isoxazol-5-ol (i.e. the product from Step B) (7.99 g, 30.6 mmol) followed by p-toluenesulfonic acid monohydrate (0.700 g, 3.68 mmol). The mixture was heated to a vigorous reflux (107-111° C.) for two hours at which point high pressure liquid chromatography determined the reaction was complete. The cooled reaction mixture was washed with a saturated sodium bicarbonate solution, followed by water. The organic phase was concentrated under vacuum to provide the title compound (7.44 g).

¹H NMR δ 7.40 (td, 1 H) 6.69-6.94 (m, 4 H) 3.88 (s, 3 H).

Step D: Synthesis of 2-[5-(difluoromethyl)-3 soxazolyl]-3-fluorophenol

To a solution of 5-(difluoromethyl)-3-(2-fluoro-6-methoxyphenyl)isoxazole (i.e. the product from Step C) (3.72 g, 15.3 mmol) in dichloromethane (15 mL) at 3° C. was added a 1M solution of boron tribromide in dichloromethane (18.0 mL, 18 mmol) over 5 min. The reaction was then allowed to warm to room temperature. After 90 minutes it was determined the reaction was complete using high pressure liquid chromatography and the reaction was treated with a 10% aqueous solution of potassium bicarbonate (10 mL). The phases were separated and the organic phase was concentrated under vacuum. The resulting brown solid was triturated with a water/methanol solution (˜2/1) providing the title compound (3.34 g).

¹H NMR δ 9.63-9.75 (m, 1 H) 7.33 (td, 1 H) 7.21 (ddd, 1 H) 6.71-6.96 (m, 3 H).

Step E: Synthesis of 5-chloro-2-[2-[5-(difluoromethyl)-3 soxazolyl]-3-fluorophenoxy]pyrimidine

To a solution of 2-[5-(difluoromethyl)-3-isoxazolyl]-3-fluorophenol (i.e. the product from Step D) (1.61 g, 7.02 mmol) and 5-methyl-2-methylsulfonylpyrimidine (1.49 g, 7.72 mmol) in N,N-dimethylformamide (9 mL) was added potassium carbonate (4.24 g, 17.5 mmol) and the reaction was allowed to stir at room temperature for 24 h. The reaction was diluted with water and toluene, the phases were separated and the organic solvent was removed under vacuum. To the resulting oil was added 8 mL of methanol and a tan slurry formed, after further dilution with a methanol/water solution (20 mL), the precipitate was filtered providing the title compound, a compound of the present invention (2.24 g).

¹H NMR δ 8.45 (s, 2 H) 7.54 (td, 1 H) 7.19 (ddd, 1 H) 7.14 (dt, 1 H) 6.88 (dt, 1 H) 6.61-6.85 (m, 1 H).

SYNTHESIS EXAMPLE 10 Preparation of 5-chloro-2-[3-cyano-2-[4-(trifluoromethyl)-2-pyridinyl]phenoxy]pyrimidine (Compound 158)

A solution of 5-chloro-2-[2-[4-(trifluoromethyl)-2-pyridinyl]phenoxy]pyrimidine (i.e. the product of example 5, step B) (0.30 g, 0.853 mmoles) in 4.27 mL of N,N-dimethylformamide under a nitrogen atmosphere was treated with copper(II) bromide (0.19 g, 0.853 mmoles), palladium(II) acetate (9 mg, 0.0426 mmoles) and potassium ferricyanide (0.06 g, 0.17 mmoles). The mixture was heated at 130° C. for 18 hours. The mixture was then cooled, diluted with diethyl ether and water, filtered thru a celite pad and rinsed with ethyl acetate and water. The phases were separated and the aqueous phase was extracted twice with diethyl ether. The combined organic phases were washed twice with water and saturated aqueous sodium chloride, dried over magnesium sulfate, and concentrated to provide 0.21 g crude product. The crude product was purified with a 12 g Teledyne Isco silica gel column eluting with 10 to 30% EtOAc-Hexanes gradient to provide the title compound, a compound of the present invention as a solid (0.23 g).

¹H NMR δ 8.86 (d, 1H), 8.40 (s, 2H), 7.78 (d&s, 2H), 7.62 (t, 1H), 7.52 (d, 1H), 7.50 (d, 1H).

SYNTHESIS EXAMPLE 11 Synthesis of 5-chloro-2-[2-[5-(trifluoromethyl)-2-pyridinyl]phenoxy]pyrimidine (Compound 27) Step A: Synthesis of 2-[5-(trifluoromethyl)-2-pyridinyl]phenol

2-Chloro-5-(trifluoromethyl)pyridine (1.0 g, 5.50 mmoles) and 2-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl)phenol (1.57 g, 7.16 mmoles) were combined in 16 mL of 1,2-dimethoxyethane and 1.8 mL of de-ionized water under a nitrogen atmosphere. Solid sodium carbonate (2.28 g, 16.5 mmoles) and then tetrakis(triphenylphosphine) palladium (0) (0.32 g, 0.27 mmoles) were added. The reaction was heated at reflux approximately ninety minutes. The reaction was cooled, diluted with dichloromethane and filtered thru a celite pad, rinsing with dichloromethane and then de-ionized water. The phases were separated. The aqueous phase was extracted twice with dichloromethane. The combined organic phases were washed with saturated aqueous sodium chloride, dried over magnesium sulfate, filtered and concentrated to give a solid. A solid was filtered from hexanes to give 34 mg. A second crop was obtained from the filtrate from hexanes to yield 506 mg of a light orange-brown solid of the title compound.

¹H NMR δ 8.81 (s, 1H), 8.04 (m, 2H), 7.83 (d, 1H), 7.38 (t, 1H), 7.07 (d, 1H), 6.98 (t, 1H).

Step B: Synthesis of 5-chloro-2-[2-[5-(trifluoromethyl)-2-pyridinyl]phenoxy]-pyrimidine

A mixture of 2-[5-(trifluoromethyl)-2-pyridinyl]phenol (i.e. the product of step A) (0.20 g, 0.836 mmoles) and 2,5-dichloropyrimidine (0.14 g, 0.919 mmoles) in 2.0 mL of N,N-dimethylformamide was stirred under a nitrogen atmosphere. Powdered potassium carbonate (0.35 g, 2.51 mmoles) was added and the mixture was heated at 80° C. overnight. The reaction was cooled before diluting with de-ionized water and diethyl ether. The phases were separated. The aqueous phase was extracted twice with diethyl ether. The combined organic phases were washed three times with de-ionized water, dried over sodium sulfate, filtered and concentrated to 0.37 g of solid. A solid was filtered from hexanes and some diethyl ether to give 103 mg of the title compound, a compound of the present invention.

¹H NMR δ 8.84 (s, 1H), 8.40 (s, 2H), 7.92(d, 1H), 7.87 (s&d, 2H), 7.54 (t, 1H), 7.45 (t, 1H), 7.27 (d,1H).

SYNTHESIS EXAMPLE 12 Preparation of 5-chloro-2-[2-[5-(trifluoromethyl)-2-pyridinyl]-3-chlorophenoxy]pyrimidine (Compound 160)

5-Chloro-2-[2-[5-(trifluoromethyl)-2-pyridinyl]phenoxy]-pyrimidine (i.e. the product of example 11, step B) (0.14 g, 0.398 mmoles) was dissolved in 2 mL of acetic acid. Palladium acetate (0.01 g, 0.039 mmoles) and N-chlorosuccinimide (0.11 g, 0.796 mmoles) were added and the mixture was heated at 100° C. for three hours. The mixture was cooled to room temperature overnight and then diluted with toluene and ethyl acetate. The mixture was filtered thru a celite pad, rinsed with toluene and then ethyl acetate. The filtrate was washed twice with saturated aqueous sodium hydrogencarbonate, saturated aqueous sodium chloride, dried over magnesium sulfate and concentrated to a crude product. The crude product was purified with a 12 g Teledyne Isco silica gel column eluting with 10 to 30% EtOAc-Hexanes gradient to provide the title compound, a compound of the present invention as a solid (40 mg).

¹H NMR δ 8.82 (s, 1H), 8.41 (s, 2H), 7.93 (d, 1H), 7.52 (d, 1H), 7.47 (m, 2H), 7.19 (m, 1H).

SYNTHESIS EXAMPLE 13 Synthesis of 5-bromo-2-[2-[5-(difluoromethyl)-3-isoxazolyl]phenoxy]pyrimidine (Compound 62) Step A: Synthesis of 5-(difluoromethyl)-3-(2-methoxyphenyl)isoxazole

To a solution of acetophenone (3.0 g, 20 mmol) in methanol (15 mL) was added a 30% sodium methoxide in methanol solution (5.0 mL) and the reaction stirred for five minutes. Next ethyl difluoroacetate (2.97 g, 24 mmol) was added and the reaction was heated to reflux for 18 h. The reaction was allowed to cool to room temperature and the solvent was removed under vacuum. To the residue was added 1M hydrochloric acid and ethyl acetate, the phases were separated, the organic phase was dried using magnesium sulfate and the solvent was removed under vacuum. Purification by chromatography on silica gel eluting with 0 to 100% ethyl acetate in hexanes afforded the desired product which was taken on directly. A solution of 4,4-difluoro-1-(2-methoxyphenyl)butane-1,3-dione from the previous step in ethanol (30 mL) was added dropwise to a solution of hydroxylamine hydrochloride (1.4 g, 20 mmol) in 1M sodium hydroxide (21 mL). The reaction was then heated to reflux for 2 h, followed by cooling to room temperature. The product was precipitated from solution by the addition of water and collected via vacuum filtration to afford the desired product which was taken on directly (AP+244, 1H NMR δ ppm 7.79 (d, 1 H) 7.38-7.46 (m, 1 H) 6.93-7.04 (m, 2 H) 5.76-6.04 (m, 1 H) 3.88 (s, 3 H) 3.67-3.80 (m, 1 H) 3.49-3.55 (m, 1 H)). Next, a solution of 5-(difluoromethyl)-3-(2-methoxyphenyl)-4H-isoxazol-5-ol from the previous step was taken up in trifluoroacetic acid (20 mL) and heated to 70° C. for 18 h. The reaction was cooled to room temperature and the solvent was removed under vacuum. The resulting residue was dissolved in dichloromethane and washed with a saturated solution of sodium bicarbonate. The phases were separated, the organic phase was dried using magnesium sulfate and the solvent was removed under vacuum. Purification by chromatography on silica gel eluting with 0 to 100% ethyl acetate in hexanes afforded the title compound (2.0 g, AP+=226).

¹H NMR δ 7.91 (dd, 1 H) 7.42-7.50 (m, 1 H) 6.98-7.12 (m, 3 H) 6.66-6.93 (m, 1 H) 3.92 (s, 3 H).

Step B: Synthesis of 2-[5-(difluoromethyl)-3-isoxazolyl]phenol

To a solution of 5-(difluoromethyl)-3-(2-methoxyphenyl)isoxazole (i.e. the product of step A) (2.01 g, 8.92 mmol) in dichloromethane (50 mL) at 0° C. was added a 1M solution of boron tribromide in dichloromethane (13.3 mL, 13.3 mmol) and the reaction was allowed to warm to room temperature over three hours. The solvent was removed under vacuum and purified by chromatography on silica gel, eluting with 0 to 100% ethyl acetate in hexanes to afford the title compound (1.66 g, AP−=210).

¹H NMR δ 9.14 (s, 1 H) 7.51 (dd, 1 H) 7.39 (ddd, 1 H) 7.11 (dd, 1 H) 6.97-7.04 (m, 2 H) 6.70-6.95 (m, 1 H).

Step C: Synthesis of 5-bromo-2-[2-[5-(difluoromethyl)-3-isoxazolyl]phenoxy]-pyrimidine

To a solution of 2-[5-(difluoromethyl)-3-isoxazolyl]phenol (i.e. the product of step B) (427 mg, 2.01 mmol) and 5-bromo-2-chloro-pyrimidine (468 mg, 2.42 mmol) in acetonitrile (10 mL) was added potassium carbonate (695 mg, 5.03 mmol) and the reaction was heated to 80° C. for 18 h. The solvent was removed under vacuum and purified by chromatography on silica gel, eluting with 0 to 100% ethyl acetate in hexanes to afford the title compound, a compound of the present invention, as a solid (555 mg, mp=88.9-92.8° C.).

¹H NMR δ 8.53 (s, 2 H) 7.98 (dd, 1 H) 7.53-7.60 (m, 1 H) 7.41 (td, 1 H) 7.28 (dd, 1 H) 6.97 (t, 1 H) 6.59-6.84 (m, 1 H).

SYNTHESIS EXAMPLE 14 Synthesis of 5-chloro-2-[2-[5-(trifluoromethyl)-3 soxazolyl]-3-fluorophenoxy]pyrimidine (Compound 168) Step A: Synthesis of 5-(difluoromethyl)-3-(2-methoxyphenyl)-4H-isoxazol-5-ol

To a solution of 2-fluoro-6-methoxyacetophenone (1.0 g, 5.9 mmol) in tetrahydrofuran (2 mL) was added a 30% sodium methoxide in methanol solution (1.4 mL). To this mixture was added dropwise a solution of ethyl trifluoroacetate (0.805 g, 6.49 mmol) in tetrahydrofuran (1 mL) and the reaction stirred at room temperature for 2 h. To the reaction was added 1M hydrochloric acid solution and ethyl acetate, the phases were separated and the aqueous phase was again washed with ethyl acetate. The combined organic phases were dried with magnesium sulfate and concentrated under vacuum to provide the desired product (AP−=263) which was taken onto the next step directly. Next, to a solution of 4,4,4-trifluoro-1-(2-fluoro-6-methoxyphenyl)butane-1,3-dione (from the previous step) in ethanol (14 mL) was added 1M sodium hydroxide solution (7 mL) followed by hydroxylamine hydrochloride (410 mg, 5.9 mmol) and the reaction stirred overnight at room temperature. The solvent was removed under vacuum and the residue was purified by chromatography on silica gel, eluting with 0 to 100% ethyl acetate in hexanes and 0 to 20% methanol in dichlromethane to afford the product (AP+=280, 1H NMR δ ppm 7.37 (td, 1 H) 6.74-6.83 (m, 2 H) 3.89 (s, 3 H) 3.79 (d, 1 H) 3.50 (dd, 1 H)) which was taken onto the next step directly To a solution of 3-(2-fluoro-6-methoxy-phenyl)-5-(trifluoromethyl)-4H-isoxazol-5-ol (from the previous step) in dichloromethane (20 mL) at 0° C. was added a 1M solution of boron tribromide in dichloromethane (11.8 mL, 11.8 mmol) and the reaction was allowed to warm to room temperature over 2 h. The solvent was removed under vacuum. The residue was dissolved in dichloromethane and washed with a saturated solution of sodium bicarbonate, the aqueous phase was washed with dichloromethane. The combined organic phases were dried with magnesium sulfate, concentrated under vacuum and purified by chromatography on silica gel, eluting with 0 to 100% ethyl acetate in hexanes, providing the title compound (606 mg, AP-=264).

¹HWit6 9.86 (s, 1 H) 7.32 (td, 1 H) 6.84-6.90 (m, 1 H) 6.68 (ddd, 1 H) 3.86-3.94 (m, 1 H) 3.75 (dd, 1 H) 3.56 (s, 1 H).

Step B: Synthesis of 5-chloro-2-[2-[5-(trifluoromethyl)-3 soxazolyl]-3-fluorophenoxy]pyrimidine

To a solution of 3-(2-fluoro-6-hydroxyphenyl)-5-(trifluoromethyl)-4H-isoxazol-5-ol (i.e. the product of step A) (606 mg, 2.29 mmol) in dimethylsulfoxide (15 mL) was added 5-chloro-2-methylsulfonyl-pyrimidine (527 mg, 2.74 mmol) followed by cesium carbonate (1.1 g, 3.43 mmol) and the reaction stirred for 18 h. The reaction was partitioned between water and ethyl acetate, the phases were separated and the aqueous layer was again washed with ethyl acetate. The combined organic phases were dried with magnesium sulfate and concentrated under vacuum. The residue was purified by chromatography on silica gel, eluting with 0 to 100% ethyl acetate, to afford the title compound, a compound of the present invention, (198 mg, AP+=360).

¹H NMR δ 8.46 (s, 2 H) 7.56 (td, 1 H) 7.21 (ddd, 1 H) 7.15 (dt, 1 H) 7.02 (dd, 1 H).

SYNTHESIS EXAMPLE 15 Synthesis of 5-chloro-2-[2-[3-(trifluoromethyl)-5-isoxazolyl)phenoxy]pyrimidine (Compound 63) Step A: Synthesis of 2-(trifluoromethyl)-4H-1-benzopyran-4-one

2-Hydroxyacetophenone (10 g, 66.7 mmol) was dissolved in trifluoroacetic anhydride (19 ml, 133.3 mmol) and pyridine (10.8 mL, 133.3 mmol). The reaction mixture was heated at 70° C. and stirred for 12 h. After cooling the reaction mixture was diluted with 1 M hydrochloric acid and methylene chloride and washed with water. The organic phase was dried with magnesium sulfate and concentrated under vacuum. Purification by chromatography on silica gel eluting with 0 to 5% ethyl acetate in hexanes afforded the title compound (10.5 g) as a pale yellow solid. ¹H NMR δ 8.21 (m, 1 H), 7.76 (m, 1H), 7.77 (d, 1H), 7.46 (m, 1H), 6.73 (s, 1H). MS (ESI⁺)=215

Step B: Synthesis of 2-[3-(trifluoromethyl)-5-isoxazolyl]phenol

To a solution of 2-(trifluoromethyl)-4H-1-benzopyran-4-one (i.e. the product of step A) (10.5 g, 48.8 mmol) in ethanol (50 mL), hydroxylamine acetate (146 mmol) in water (50 mL) was added. The mixture was heated at 60° C. for 4 h. After cooling the reaction to ambient temperature 4,4,4-trifluoro-1-(2-hydroxyphenyl)-butane-1,3-dione 3-oxime was precipitated with the addition of water (200 mL).

¹H NMR δ 9.30 (s, 1H), 7.37 (m, 1H), 7.19 (m, 1H), 7.06 (m, 1H), 6.94 (m, 1H), 3.87 (d, 1H), 3.69 (d, 1H).

This product was collected by filtration and suspended in acetic acid (30 mL) and 36% aqueous hydrochloric acid (10.8 mL) at room temperature. The mixture was stirred at 80° C. for 30 min to afford the title compound as a white solid (4.6 g).

¹H NMR δ 7.88 (m, 1H), 7.37 (m, 1H), 7.08 (m, 1H), 7.01 (s, 1H), 6.95 (m, 1H). MS (ESI⁺) 230

Step C: Synthesis of 5-chloro-2-[2-[3-(trifluoromethyl)-5-isoxazolyl)phenoxy]-pyrimidine

To a solution of 2-[3-(trifluoromethyl)-5-isoxazolyl]phenol (i.e. the product of step B) (2.2 g, 9.4 mmol) in anhydrous N,N-dimethylformamide (10 mL) was added 2,5-dichloropyrimidine (1.5 g, 10.3 mmol) and potassium carbonate (2.9 g, 20.6 mmol). The reaction was heated at 80° C. for 2 h. The solution was cooled to ambient temperature and diluted with water. The phases were separated and the aqueous phase was washed with additional ethyl acetate. The organic phases were combined, dried with magnesium sulfate and concentrated under vacuum. Purification by chromatography on silica gel eluting with 0 to 5% ethyl acetate in hexanes afforded the title compound, a compound of the present invention, as a solid (2.1 g).

¹H NMR δ 8.49 (s, 2H), 8.08 (m, 1H), 7.58 (m, 1H), 7.45 (m, 1H), 7.32 (m, 1H), 6.91 (s, 1H). MS (ESI⁺)=342. Melting Point: 114-115° C.

SYNTHESIS EXAMPLE 16 Synthesis of 5-bromo-2-[2-[3-(difluoromethyl)-5-isoxazolyl]-3-fluorophenoxy]pyrimidine (Compound 145) Step A: Synthesis of 4,4-difluoro-1-(2-fluoro-6-methoxyphenyl)butane-1,3-dione

To a solution of 1-(2-fluoro-6-methoxyphenyl)ethanone (2.6 g, 15.5 mmol) and difluoroacetic acid ethyl ester (3.9 mL, 31.0 mmol) in anhydrous N,N-dimethylformamide at 0° C. was added sodium hydride (1.2 g, 31.0 mmol). The reaction mixture was heated at 80° C. for 1 h. The reaction was then cooled down to 0° C., diluted with ethyl acetate and acidified with 1 N aqueous hydrochloric acid. The phases were separated and the aqueous phase was washed with additional ethyl acetate. The organic phases were combined and dried with magnesium sulfate and concentrated under vacuum. Purification by chromatography on silica gel eluting with 0 to 15% ethyl acetate in hexanes afforded the title compound (2.5 g).

¹H NMR δ 7.39 (m, 1H), 6.77 (m, 2H), 6.24 (s, 1H), 6.01 (t, 1 H), 3.87 (s, 3 H). MS (ESI⁺)=247

Step B: Synthesis of 3-(difluoromethyl)-5-(2-fluoro-6-methoxyphenyl)isoxazole

A solution of 4,4-difluoro-1-(2-fluoro-6-methoxyphenyl)butane-1,3-dione (i.e. the product of step A) (2.5 g, 10 mmol) and hydroxylamine hydrochloride (2.1 g, 30 mmol) in ethanol (25 mL) was stirred at 80° C. After 1 h the solvent was removed under vacuum. The resulting residue was diluted with water and extracted with dichloromethane. The organic phase was dried with magnesium sulfate and concentrated under vacuum.

Purification by chromatography on silica gel eluting with 0 to 15% ethyl acetate in hexanes afforded the title compound (1.5 g).

¹H NMR δ 7.41 (m, 1 H), 6.69-6.98 (m, 4H), 3.93 (s, 3 H). MS (ESI+)=244

Step C: Synthesis of 2-[3-(difluoromethyl)-5-isoxazolyl]-3-fluorophenol

To a solution of 3-(difluoromethyl)-5-(2-fluoro-6-methoxyphenyl)isoxazole (i.e. the product of step B) (1.5 g, 6.2 mmol.) in dichloromethane (10 mL) at 0° C. was added a 1.0 M solution of boron tribromide in dichloromethane (31 mL, 31 mmol). The reaction mixture was warmed to ambient temperature and stirred for 6 h. The reaction was cooled to 0° C. and slowly treated with a saturated aqueous solution of sodium bicarbonate. The biphasic mixture was stirred at room temperature for 1 h. The phases were separated and the aqueous phase was extracted with dichloromethane. The combined organic phases were dried and concentrated under vacuum. The crude residue was purified by chromatography on silica gel, eluting with 0 to 10% ethyl acetate in hexanes, to afford the title compound (980 mg).

¹H NMR δ 7.33 (m, 1 H), 6.66-6.99 (m, 4 H). MS (ESI+)=230

Step D: Synthesis of 5-bromo-2-[2-[3-(difluoromethyl)-5-isoxazolyl]-3-fluorophenoxy]pyrimidine

To a solution of 2-[3-(difluoromethyl)-5-isoxazolyl]-3-fluorophenol (i.e. the product of step C) (229 mg, 1 mmol) in anhydrous N,N-dimethylformamide (2.5 mL) was added 5-bromo-2-chloropyrimidine (212 mg, 1.1 mmol) and potassium carbonate (304 mg, 2.2 mmol). The reaction was heated at 80° C. for 1 h. The solution was cooled to ambient temperature and diluted with water. The phases were separated and the aqueous layer was washed with additional ethyl acetate. The organic phases were combined, dried with magnesium sulfate and concentrated under vacuum. Purification by chromatography on silica gel eluting with 0 to 15% ethyl acetate in hexanes afforded the title compound, a compound of the present invention, as a solid (320 mg).

¹H NMR δ 8.54 (s, 2H), 7.54 (m, 1H), 7.20 (m, 1H), 7.13 (m, 1H), 6.86 (m, 1 H), 6.75 (t, 1 H). MS (ESI⁺)=387

By the procedures described herein together with methods known in the art, the following compounds of Tables 1 to 1584 can be prepared. The following abbreviations are used in the Tables which follow: t means tertiary, s means secondary, n means normal, i means iso, c means cyclo, Me means methyl, Et means ethyl, Pr means propyl, Bu means butyl, i-Pr means isopropyl, Bu means butyl, c-Pr cyclopropyl, c-Bu means cyclobutyl, Ph means phenyl, OMe means methoxy, OEt means ethoxy, SMe means methylthio, SEt means ethylthio, NHMe methylamino, —CN means cyano, Py means pyridinyl, —NO₂ means nitro, tzl meand triazol, pzl means pyrazol, izl means imidazole, odzl means oxadiazol, tdzl means thiadiazol and SO₂Me means methylsulfonyl.

TABLE 1 1

R² = Cl; Z = O; and R³ = H (m = 0); and Q is: Isoxazol-5-yl 5-CHO-isoxazol-3-yl 4-I-isothiazol-5-yl 3-F-isoxazol-5-yl 5-CN-isoxazol-3-yl 4-Me-isothiazol-5-yl 3-Cl-isoxazol-5-yl 5-CH₂CN-isoxazol-3-yl 4-Et-isothiazol-5-yl 3-Br-isoxazol-5-yl 5-OMe-isoxazol-3-yl 4-CF₃-isothiazol-5-yl 3-I-isoxazol-5-yl 5-OCF₃-isoxazol-3-yl 4-CHF₂-isothiazol-5-yl 3-Me-isoxazol-5-yl 5-Ph-isoxazol-3-yl 4-CHO-isothiazol-5-yl 3-Et-isoxazol-5-yl 4-F-isoxazol-3-yl 4-CN-isothiazol-5-yl 3-CF₃-isoxazol-5-yl 4-Cl-isoxazol-3-yl 4-OMe-isothiazol-5-yl 3-CHF₂-isoxazol-5-yl 4-Br-isoxazol-3-yl 4-OCF₃-isothiazol-5-yl 3-CHO-isoxazol-5-yl 4-I-isoxazol-3-yl 4-Ph-isothiazol-5-yl 3-CN-isoxazol-5-yl 4-Me-isoxazol-3-yl Isothiazol-3-yl 3-OMe-isoxazol-5-yl 4-Et-isoxazol-3-yl 5-F-isothiazol-3-yl 3-OCF₃-isoxazol-5-yl 4-CF₃-isoxazol-3-yl 5-Cl-isothiazol-3-yl 3-Ph-isoxazol-5-yl 4-CHF₂-isoxazol-3-yl 5-Br-isothiazol-3-yl 4-F-isoxazol-5-yl 4-CHO-isoxazol-3-yl 5-I-isothiazol-3-yl 4-Cl-isoxazol-5-yl 4-CN-isoxazol-3-yl 5-Me-isothiazol-3-yl 4-Br-isoxazol-5-yl 4-OMe-isoxazol-3-yl 5-Et-isothiazol-3-yl 4-I-isoxazol-5-yl 4-OCF₃-isoxazol-3-yl 5-CF₃-isothiazol-3-yl 4-Me-isoxazol-5-yl 4-Ph-isoxazol-3-yl 5-CHF₂-isothiazol-3-yl 4-Et-isoxazol-5-yl Isothiazol-5-yl 5-CHO-isothiazol-3-yl 4-CF₃-isoxazol-5-yl 3-F-isothiazol-5-yl 5-CN-isothiazol-3-yl 4-CHF₂-isoxazol-5-yl 3-Cl-isothiazol-5-yl 5-CH₂CN-isothiazol-3-yl 4-CHO-isoxazol-5-yl 3-Br-isothiazol-5-yl 5-OMe-isothiazol-3-yl 4-CN-isoxazol-5-yl 3-I-isothiazol-5-yl 5-OCF₃-isothiazol-3-yl 4-OMe-isoxazol-5-yl 3-Me-isothiazol-5-yl 5-Ph-isothiazol-3-yl 4-OCF₃-isoxazol-5-yl 3-Et-isothiazol-5-yl 4-F-isothiazol-3-yl 4-Ph-isoxazol-5-yl 3-CF₃-isothiazol-5-yl 4-Cl-isothiazol-3-yl Isoxazol-3-yl 3-CHF₂-isothiazol-5-yl 4-Br-isothiazol-3-yl 5-F-isoxazol-3-yl 3-CHO-isothiazol-5-yl 4-I-isothiazol-3-yl 5-Cl-isoxazol-3-yl 3-CN-isothiazol-5-yl 4-Me-isothiazol-3-yl 5-Br-isoxazol-3-yl 3-OMe-isothiazol-5-yl 4-Et-isothiazol-3-yl 5-I-isoxazol-3-yl 3-OCF₃-isothiazol-5-yl 4-CF₃-isothiazol-3-yl 5-Me-isoxazol-3-yl 3-Ph-isothiazol-5-yl 4-CHF₂-isothiazol-3-yl 5-Et-isoxazol-3-yl 4-F-isothiazol-5-yl 4-CHO-isothiazol-3-yl 5-CF₃-isoxazol-3-yl 4-Cl-isothiazol-5-yl 4-CN-isothiazol-3-yl 5-CHF₂-isoxazol-3-yl 4-Br-isothiazol-5-yl 4-OMe-isothiazol-3-yl 4-OCF₃-isothiazol-3-yl 3-CHO-isothiazol-4-yl 4-Et-oxazol-2-yl 4-Ph-isothiazol-3-yl 3-CN-isothiazol-4-yl 4-CF₃-oxazol-2-yl Isoxazol-4-yl 3-OMe-isothiazol-4-yl 4-CHF₂-oxazol-2-yl 3-F-isoxazol-4-yl 3-OCF₃-isothiazol-4-yl 4-CHO-oxazol-2-yl 3-Cl-isoxazol-4-yl 3-Ph-isothiazol-4-yl 4-CN-oxazol-2-yl 3-Br-isoxazol-4-yl 5-F-isothiazol-4-yl 4-OMe-oxazol-2-yl 3-I-isoxazol-4-yl 5-Cl-isothiazol-4-yl 4-OCF₃-oxazol-2-yl 3-Me-isoxazol-4-yl 5-Br-isothiazol-4-yl 4-Ph-oxazol-2-yl 3-Et-isoxazol-4-yl 5-I-isothiazol-4-yl Thiazol-2-yl 3-CF₃-isoxazol-4-yl 5-Me-isothiazol-4-yl 5-F-thiazol-2-yl 3-CHF₂-isoxazol-4-yl 5-Et-isothiazol-4-yl 5-Cl-thiazol-2-yl 3-CHO-isoxazol-4-yl 5-CF₃-isothiazol-4-yl 5-Br-thiazol-2-yl 3-CN-isoxazol-4-yl 5-CHF₂-isothiazol-4-yl 5-I-thiazol-2-yl 3-OMe-isoxazol-4-yl 5-CHO-isothiazol-4-yl 5-Me-thiazol-2-yl 3-OCF₃-isoxazol-4-yl 5-CN-isothiazol-4-yl 5-Et-thiazol-2-yl 3-Ph-isoxazol-4-yl 5-OMe-isothiazol-4-yl 5-CF₃-thiazol-2-yl 5-F-isoxazol-4-yl 5-OCF₃-isothiazol-4-yl 5-CHF₂-thiazol-2-yl 5-Cl-isoxazol-4-yl 5-Ph-isothiazol-4-yl 5-CHO-thiazol-2-yl 5-Br-isoxazol-4-y1 oxazol-2-yl 5-CN-thiazol-2-yl 5-I-isoxazol-4-yl 5-F-oxazol-2-yl 5-CH₂CN-thiazol-2-yl 5-Me-isoxazol-4-yl 5-Cl-oxazol-2-yl 5-OMe-thiazol-2-yl 5-Et-isoxazol-4-yl 5-Br-oxazol-2-yl 5-OCF₃-thiazol-2-yl 5-CF₃-isoxazol-4-yl 5-I-oxazol-2-yl 5-Ph-thiazol-2-yl 5-CHF₂-isoxazol-4-yl 5-Me-oxazol-2-yl 4-F-thiazol-2-yl 5-CHO-isoxazol-4-yl 5-Et-oxazol-2-yl 4-Cl-thiazol-2-yl 5-CN-isoxazol-4-yl 5-CF₃-oxazol-2-yl 4-Br-thiazol-2-yl 5-OMe-isoxazol-4-yl 5-CHF₂-oxazol-2-yl 4-I-thiazol-2-yl 5-OCF₃-isoxazol-4-yl 5-CHO-oxazol-2-yl 4-Me-thiazol-2-yl 5-Ph-isoxazol-4-yl 5-CN-oxazol-2-yl 4-Et-thiazol-2-yl Isothiazol-4-yl 5-CH₂CN-oxazol-2-yl 4-CF₃-thiazol-2-yl 3-F-isothiazol-4-yl 5-OMe-oxazol-2-y1 4-CHF₂-thiazol-2-yl 3-Cl-isothiazol-4-yl 5-OCF₃-oxazol-2-yl 4-CHO-thiazol-2-yl 3-Br-isothiazol-4-yl 5-Ph-oxazol-2-yl 4-CN-thiazol-2-yl 3-I-isothiazol-4-yl 4-F-oxazol-2-yl 4-OMe-thiazol-2-yl 3-Me-isothiazol-4-yl 4-Cl-oxazol-2-yl 4-OCF₃-thiazol-2-yl 3-Et-isothiazol-4-yl 4-Br-oxazol-2-yl 4-Ph-thiazol-2-yl 3-CF₃-isothiazol-4-yl 4-I-oxazol-2-yl Oxazol-5-yl 3-CHF₂-isothiazol-4-yl 4-Me-oxazol-2-yl 2-F-oxazol-5-yl 2-Cl-oxazol-5-yl 4-OCF₃-thiazol-5-yl 5-CF₃-thiazol-4-yl 2-Br-oxazol-5-yl 4-Ph-thiazol-5-yl 5-CHF₂-thiazol-4-yl 2-Me-oxazol-5-yl Oxazol-4-yl 5-CN-thiazol-4-yl 2-CF₃-oxazol-5-yl 2-F-oxazol-4-yl 5-OMe-thiazol-4-yl 2-CHF₂-oxazol-5-yl 2-Cl-oxazol-4-yl 5-OCF₃-thiazol-4-yl 2-CN-oxazol-5-yl 2-Br-oxazol-4-yl 5-Ph-thiazol-4-yl 2-OMe-oxazol-5-yl 2-Me-oxazol-4-yl 1H-izl-2-yl 2-OCF₃-oxazol-5-yl 2-CF₃-oxazol-4-yl 1-Me-1H-iz1-2-yl 2-Ph-oxazol-5-yl 2-CHF₂-oxazol-4-yl 4-F-1-Me-1H-iz1-2-yl 4-F-oxazol-5-yl 2-CN-oxazol-4-yl 4-Cl-1-Me-1H-iz1-2-yl 4-Cl-oxazol-5-yl 2-OMe-oxazol-4-yl 4-Br-l-Me-1H-iz1-2-yl 4-Br-oxazol-5-yl 2-OCF₃-oxazol-4-yl 1,4-di-Me-1H-iz1-2-yl 4-Me-oxazol-5-yl 2-Ph-oxazol-4-yl 4-CF₃-1-Me-1H-iz1-2-yl 4-CF₃-oxazol-5-yl 5-F-oxazol-4-yl 4-CHF₂-1-Me-1H-iz1-2-yl 4-CHF₂-oxazol-5-yl 5-Cl-oxazol-4-yl 4-CN-1-Me-1H-iz1-2-yl 4-CN-oxazol-5-yl 5-Br-oxazol-4-yl 4-OMe-1-Me-1H-izl-2-yl 4-OMe-oxazol-5-yl 5-Me-oxazol-4-yl 4-OCF₃-1-Me-1H-izl-2-yl 4-OCF₃-oxazol-5-yl 5-CF₃-oxazol-4-yl 4-Ph-1-Me-1H-izl-2-yl 4-Ph-oxazol-5-yl 5-CHF₂-oxazol-4-yl 5-F-1-Me-1H-izl-2-yl Thiazol-5-yl 5-CN-oxazol-4-yl 5-Cl-1-Me-1H-izl-2-yl 2-F-thiazol-5-yl 5-OMe-oxazol-4-yl 5-Br-l-Me-1H-izl-2-yl 2-Cl-thiazol-5-yl 5-OCF₃-oxazol-4-yl 1,5-di-Me-1H-izl-2-yl 2-Br-thiazol-5-yl 5-Ph-oxazol-4-yl 5-CF₃-1-Me-1H-izl-2-yl 2-Me-thiazol-5-yl Thiazol-4-yl 5-CHF₂-1-Me-1H-izl-2-yl 2-CF₃-thiazol-5-yl 2-F-thiazol-4-yl 5-CN-1-Me-1H-izl-2-yl 2-CHF₂-thiazol-5-yl 2-Cl-thiazol-4-yl 5-OMe-l-Me-1H-izl-2-yl 2-CN-thiazol-5-yl 2-Br-thiazol-4-yl 5-OCF₃-1-Me-1H-izl-2-yl 2-OMe-thiazol-5-yl 2-Me-thiazol-4-yl 5-Ph-1-Me-1H-izl-2-yl 2-OCF₃-thiazol-5-yl 2-CF₃-thiazol-4-yl 1H-izl-4-yl 2-Ph-thiazol-5-yl 2-CHF₂-thiazol-4-yl 1-Me-1H-izl-4-yl 4-F-thiazol-5-yl 2-CN-thiazol-4-yl 2-F-1-Me-1H-izl-4-yl 4-Cl-thiazol-5-yl 2-OMe-thiazol-4-yl 2-Cl-1-Me-1H-izl-4-yl 4-Br-thiazol-5-yl 2-OCF₃-thiazol-4-yl 2-Br-l-Me-1H-izl-4-yl 4-Me-thiazol-5-yl 2-Ph-thiazol-4-yl 1,2-di-Me-1H-izl-4-yl 4-CF₃-thiazol-5-yl 5-F-thiazol-4-yl 2-CF₃-1-Me-1H-izl-4-yl 4-CHF₂-thiazol-5-yl 5-Cl-thiazol-4-yl 2-CHF₂-1-Me-1H-izl-4-yl 4-CN-thiazol-5-yl 5-Br-thiazol-4-yl 2-CN-1-Me-1H-izl-4-yl 4-OMe-thiazol-5-yl 5-Me-thiazol-4-yl 2-OMe-1-Me-1H-izl-4-yl 2-OCF₃-1-Me-1H-izl-4-yl 4-Br-1-Me-1H-pzl-3-yl 5-OCF₃-1-Me-1H-pzl-4-yl 2-Ph-1-Me-1H-izl-4-yl 1,4-di-Me-1H-pzl-3-yl 5-Ph-1-Me-1H-pzl-4-yl 5-F-1-Me-1H-izl-4-yl 4-CF₃-1-Me-1H-pzl-3-yl 1H-pzl-5-yl 5-Cl-1-Me-1H-izl-4-yl 4-CHF₂-1-Me-1H-pzl-3-yl 1-Me-1H-pzl-5-yl 5-Br-1-Me-1H-izl-4-yl 4-CN-1-Me-1H-pzl-3-yl 3-F-1-Me-1H-pzl-5-yl 1,5-di-Me-1H-izl-4-yl 4-OMe-1-Me-1H-pzl-3-yl 3-Cl-1-Me-1H-pzl-5-yl 5-CF₃-1-Me-1H-izl-4-yl 4-OCF₃-1-Me-1H-pzl-3-yl 3-Br-1-Me-1H-pzl-5-yl 5-CHF₂-1-Me-1H-izl-4-yl 4-Ph-1-Me-1H-pzl-3-yl 1,3-di-Me-1H-pzl-5-yl 5-CN-1-Me-1H-izl-4-yl 5-F-1-Me-1H-pzl-3-yl 3-CF₃-1-Me-1H-pzl-5-yl 5-OMe-1-Me-1H-izl-4-yl 5-Cl-1-Me-1H-pzl-3-yl 3-CHF₂-1-Me-1H-pzl-5-yl 5-CF₃-1-Me-1H-izl-4-yl 5-Br-1-Me-1H-pzl-3-yl 3-CN-1-Me-1H-pzl-5-yl 5-Ph-1-Me-1H-izl-4-yl 1,5-di-Me-1H-pzl-3-yl 3-OMe-1-Me-1H-pzl-5-yl 1H-izl-5-yl 5-CF₃-1-Me-1H-pzl-3-yl 3-OCF₃-1-Me-1H-pzl-5-yl 1-Me-1H-izl-5-yl 5-CHF₂-1-Me-1H-pzl-3-yl 3-Ph-1-Me-1H-pzl-5-yl 2-F-1-Me-1H-izl-5-yl 5-CN-1-Me-1H-pzl-3-yl 4-F-1-Me-1H-pzl-5-yl 2-Cl-1-Me-1H-izl-5-yl 5-OMe-1-Me-1H-pzl-3-yl 4-Cl-1-Me-1H-pzl-5-yl 2-Br-1-Me-1H-izl-5-yl 5-OCF₃-1-Me-1H-pzl-3-yl 4-Br-1-Me-1H-pzl-5-yl 1,2-di-Me-1H-izl-5-yl 5-Ph-1-Me-1H-pzl-3-yl 1,4-di-Me-1H-pzl-5-yl 2-CF₃-1-Me-1H-izl-5-yl 1H-pzl-4-yl 4-CF₃-1-Me-1H-pzl-5-yl 2-CHF₂-1-Me-1H-izl-5-yl 1-Me-1H-pzl-4-yl 4-CHF₂-1-Me-1H-pzl-5-yl 2-CN-1-Me-1H-izl-5-yl 3-F-1-Me-1H-pzl-4-yl 4-CN-1-Me-1H-pzl-5-yl 2-OMe-1-Me-1H-izl-5-yl 3-Cl-1-Me-1H-pzl-4-yl 4-OMe-1-Me-1H-pzl-5-yl 2-OCF₃-1-Me-1H-izl-5-yl 3-Br-1-Me-1H-pzl-4-yl 4-OCF₃-1-Me-1H-pzl-5-yl 2-Ph-1-Me-1H-izl-5-yl 1,3-di-Me-1H-pzl-4-yl 4-Ph-1-Me-1H-pzl-5-yl 4-F-1-Me-1H-izl-5-yl 3-CF₃-1-Me-1H-pzl-4-yl Thiophene-2-yl 4-Cl-1-Me-1H-izl-5-yl 3-CHF₂-1-Me-1H-pzl-4-yl Thiophene-3-yl 4-Br-1-Me-1H-izl-5-yl 3-CN-1-Me-1H-pzl-4-yl Furan-2-yl 1,4-di-Me-1H-izl-5-yl 3-OMe-1-Me-1H-pzl-4-yl Furan-3-yl 4-CF₃-1-Me-1H-izl-5-yl 3-OCF₃-1-Me-1H-pzl-4-yl 1H-pyrrol-2-yl 4-CHF₂-1-Me-1H-izl-5-yl 3-Ph-1-Me-1H-pzl-4-yl 1-Me-1H-pyrrol-2-yl 4-CN-1-Me-1H-izl-5-yl 5-F-1-Me-1H-pzl-4-yl 1H-pyrrol-3-yl 4-OMe-1-Me-1H-izl-5-yl 5-Cl-1-Me-1H-pzl-4-yl 1-Me-1H-pyrrol-3-yl 4-OCF₃-1-Me-1H-izl-5-yl 5-Br-1-Me-1H-pzl-4-yl [1,3,4]odzl-2-yl 4-Ph-1-Me-1H-izl-5-yl 1,5-di-Me-1H-pzl-4-yl 2-F-[1,3,4]odzl-5-yl 1H-pzl-3-yl 5-CF₃-1-Me-1H-pzl-4-yl 2-Cl-[1,3,4]odzl-5-yl 1-Me-1H-pzl-3-yl 5-CHF₂-1-Me-1H-pzl-4-yl 2-Br-[1,3,4]odzo-5-yl 4-F-1-Me-1H-pzl-3-yl 5-CN-1-Me-1H-pzl-4-yl 2-Me-[1,3,4]odzl-5-yl 4-Cl-1-Me-1H-pzl-3-yl 5-OMe-1-Me-1H-pzl-4-yl 2-CF₃-[1,3,4]odzl-5-yl 2-CHF₂-[1,3,4]odzl-5-yl 5-CHF₂-1-Me-1H-[1,2,4]tzl-3- 5-Br-[1,2,4]odzl-3-yl 2-CN-[1,3,4]odzl-5-yl yl 5-Me-[1,2,4]odzl-3-yl 2-OMe-[1,3,4]odzl-5-yl 5-CN-1-Me-1H-[1,2,4]tzl-3-yl 5-CF₃-[1,2,4]odzl-3-yl 2-OCF₃-[1,3,4]odzl-5-yl 5-OMe-1-Me-1H-[1,2,4]tzl-3- 5-CHF₂-[1,2,4]odzl-3-yl [1,3,4]tdzl-2-yl yl 5-CN-[1,2,4]odzl-3-yl 2-F-[1,3,4]tdzl-5-yl 5-OCF₃-1-Me-1H-[1,2,4]tzl-3- 5-OMe-[1,2,4]odzl-3-yl 2-Cl-[1,3,4]tdzl-5-yl yl 5-OCF₃-[1,2,4]odzl-3-yl 2-Br-[1,3,4]tdzl-5-yl 5-Ph-1-Me-1H-[1,2,4]tzl-3-yl 5-Ph-[1,2,4]odzl-3-yl 2-Me-[1,3,4]tdzl-5-yl 1H-[1,2,4]tzl-5-yl [1,2,4]tdzl-5-yl 2-CF₃-[1,3,4]tdzl-5-yl 1-Me-1H-[1,2,4]tzl-5-yl 3-F-[1,2,4]tdzl-5-yl 2-CHF₂-[1,3,4]tdzl-5-yl 3-F-1-Me-1H-[1,2,4]tzl-5-yl 3-Cl-[1,2,4]tdzl-5-yl 2-CN-[1,3,4]tdzl-5-yl 3-Cl-1-Me-1H-[1,2,4]tzl-5-yl 3-Br-[1,2,4]tdzl-5-yl 2-OMe-[1,3,4]tdzl-5-yl 3-Br-1-Me-1H-[1,2,4]tzl-5-yl 3-Me-[1,2,4]tdazl-5-yl 2-OCF₃-[1,3,4]tdzl-5-yl 1,3-di-Me-1H-[1,2,4]tzl-5-yl 3-CF₃-[1,2,4]tdzl-5-yl 4H-[1,2,4]tzl-3-yl 3-CF₃-1-Me-1H-[1,2,4]tzl-5-yl 3-CHF₂-[1,2,4]tdzl-5-yl 4-Me-4H-[1,2,4]tzl-3-yl yl 3-CN-[1,2,4]tdzl-5-yl 3-F-4-Me-4H-[1,2,4]tzl-5-yl 3-CHF₂-1-Me-1H-[1,2,4]tzl-5- 3-OMe-[1,2,4]tdzl-5-yl 3-Cl-4-Me-4H-[1,2,4]tzl-5-yl yl 3-OCF₃-[1,2,4]tdzl-5-yl 3-Br-4-Me-4H-[1,2,4]tzl-5-yl 3-CN-1-Me-1H-[1,2,4]tzl-5-yl 3-Ph-[1,2,4]tdzl-5-yl 3,4-di-Me-4H-[1,2,4]tzl-5-yl 3-OMe-1-Me-1H-[1,2,4]tzl-5- [1,2,4]tdzl-3-yl 3-CF₃-4-Me-4H-[1,2,4]tzl-5- yl 5-F-[1,2,4]tdzl-3-yl yl 3-OCF₃-1-Me-1H-[1,2,4]tzl-5- 5-Cl-[1,2,4]tdzl-3-yl 3-CHF₂-4-Me-4H-[1,2,4]tzl-5- yl 5-Br-[1,2,4]tdzl-3-yl yl 3-Ph-1-Me-1H-[1,2,4]tzl-5-yl 5-Me-[1,2,4]tdzl-3-yl 3-CN-4-Me-4H-[1,2,4]tzl-5-yl [1,2,4]odzl-5-yl 5-CF₃-[1,2,4]tdzl-3-yl 3-OMe-4-Me-4H-[1,2,4]tzl-5- 3-F-[1,2,4]odzl-5-yl 5-CHF₂-[1,2,4]tdzl-3-yl yl 3-Cl-[1,2,4]odzl-5-yl 5-CN-[1,2,4]tdzl-3-yl 3-OCF₃-4-Me-4H-[1,2,4]tzl-5- 3-Br-[1,2,4]odzl-5-yl 5-OMe-[1,2,4]tdzl-3-yl yl 3-Me-[1,2,4]odzl-5-yl 5-OCF₃-[1,2,4]tdzl-3-yl 3-Ph-4-Me-4H-[1,2,4]tzl-5-yl 3-CF₃-[1,2,4]odzl-5-yl 5-Ph-[1,2,4]tdzl-3-yl 1H-[1,2,4]tzl-3-yl 3-CHF₂-[1,2,4]odzl-5-yl [1,2,3]odzl-5-yl 1-Me-1H-[1,2,4]tzl-3-yl 3-CN-[1,2,4]odzl-5-yl 4-F-[1,2,3]odzl-5-yl 5-F-1-Me-1H-[1,2,4]tzl-3-yl 3-OMe-[1,2,4]odzl-5-yl 4-Cl-[1,2,3]odzl-5-yl 5-Cl-1-Me-1H-[1,2,4]tzl-3-yl 3-OCF₃-[1,2,4]odzl-5-yl 4-Br-[1,2,3]odzl-5-yl 5-Br-1-Me-1H-[1,2,4]tzl-3-yl 3-Ph-[1,2,4]odzl-5-yl 4-Me-[1,2,3]odzl-5-yl 1,5-di-Me-1H-[1,2,4]tzl-3-yl [1,2,4]odzl-3-yl 4-CF₃-[1,2,3]odzl-5-yl 5-CF₃-1-Me-1H-[1,2,4]tzl-3- 5-F-[1,2,4]odzl-3-yl 4-CHF₂-[1,2,3]odzl-5-yl yl 5-Cl-[1,2,4]odzl-3-yl 4-CN-[1,2,3]odzl-5-yl 4-OMe-[1,2,3]odzl-5-yl 5-Cl-3H-[1,2,4]tzl-3-yl 4-CN-1H-[1,2,3]tzl-5-yl 4-OCF₃-[1,2,3]odzl-5-yl 5-Br-3H-[1,2,4]tzl-3-yl 4-OMe-1H-[1,2,3]tzl-5-yl 4-Ph-[1,2,3]odzl-5-yl 5-Me-3H-[1,2,4]tzl-3-yl 4-OCF₃-1H-[1,2,3]tzl-5-yl [1,2,3]odzl-5-yl 5-CF₃-3H-[1,2,4]tzl-3-yl 4-Ph-1H-[1,2,3]tzl-5-yl 5-F-[1,2,3]odzl-4-yl 5-CHF₂-3H-[1,2,4]tzl-3-yl 5-F-pyridin-2-yl 5-Cl-[1,2,3]odzl-4-yl 5-CN-3H-[1,2,4]tzl-3-yl 5-Cl-pyridin-2-yl 5-Br-[1,2,3]odzl-4-yl 5-OMe-3H-[1,2,4]tzl-3-yl 5-Br-pyridin-2-yl 5-Me-[1,2,3]odzl-4-yl 5-OCF₃-3H-[1,2,4]tzl-3-yl 5-I-pyridin-2-yl 5-CF₃-[1,2,3]odzl-4-yl 5-Ph-3H-[1,2,4]tzl-3-yl 5-Me-pyridin-2-yl 5-CHF₂-[1,2,3]odzl-4-yl 1H-[1,2,3]tzl-4-yl 5-Et-pyridin-2-yl 5-CN-[1,2,3]odzl-4-yl 5-F-1H-[1,2,3]tzl-4-yl 5-CF₃-pyridin-2-yl 5-OMe-[1,2,3]odzl-4-yl 5-Cl-1H-[1,2,3]tzl-4-yl 5-CHF₂-pyridin-2-yl 5-OCF₃-[1,2,3]odzl-4-yl 5-Br-1H-[1,2,3]tzl-4-yl 5-CHO-pyridin-2-yl 5-Ph-[1,2,3]odzl-4-yl 5-Me-1H-[1,2,3]tzl-4-yl 5-CN-pyridin-2-yl [1,2,3]tdzl-5-yl 5-CF₃-1H-[1,2,3]tzl-4-yl 5-OMe-pyridin-2-yl 4-F-[1,2,3]tdzl-5-yl 5-CHF₂-1H-[1,2,3]tzl-4-yl 5-OCF₃-pyridin-2-yl 4-Cl-[1,2,3]tdzl-5-yl 5-CN-1H-[1,2,3]tzl-4-yl 5-N(Me)₂-pyridin2--yl 4-Br-[1,2,3]tdzl-5-yl 5-OMe-1H-[1,2,3]tzl-4-yl 5-Ph-pyridin-2-yl 4-Me-[1,2,3]tdzl-5-yl 5-OCF₃-1H-[1,2,3]tzl-4-yl 3,5-di-Cl-pyridin-2-yl 4-CF₃-[1,2,3]tdzl-5-yl 5-Ph-1H-[1,2,3]tzl-4-yl 3-Me-5-Cl-pyridin-2-yl 4-CHF₂-[1,2,3]tdzl-5-yl 2H-[1,2,3]tzl-4-yl 3-CN-5-Cl-pyridin-2-yl 4-CN-[1,2,3]tdzl-5-yl 4-F-2H-[1,2,3]tzl-4-yl 6-F-pyridin-2-yl 4-OMe-[1,2,3]tdzl-5-yl 4-Cl-2H-[1,2,3]tzl-5-yl 6-Cl-pyridin-2-yl 4-OCF₃-[1,2,3]tdzl-5-yl 4-Br-2H-[1,2,3]tzl-5-yl 6-Br-pyridin-2-yl 4-Ph-[1,2,3]tdzl-5-yl 4-Me-2H-[1,2,3]tzl-5-yl 6-I-pyridin-2-yl [1,2,3]tdzl-4-yl 4-CF₃-2H-[1,2,3]tzl-5-yl 6-Me-pyridin-2-yl 5-F-[1,2,3]tdzl-4-yl 4-CHF₂-2H-[1,2,3]tzl-5-yl 6-Et-pyridin-2-yl 5-Cl-[1,2,3]tdzl-4-yl 4-CN-2H-[1,2,3]tzl-5-yl 6-CF₃-pyridin-2-yl 5-Br-[1,2,3]tdzl-4-yl 4-OMe-2H-[1,2,3]tzl-5-yl 6-CHF₂-pyridin-2-yl 5-Me-[1,2,3]tdzl-4-yl 4-OCF₃-2H-[1,2,3]tzl-5-yl 6-CHO-pyridin-2-yl 5-CF₃-[1,2,3]tdzl-4-yl 4-Ph-2H-[1,2,3]tzl-5-yl 6-CN-pyridin-2-yl 5-CHF₂-[1,2,3]tdzl-4-yl 1H-[1,2,3]tzl-5-yl 6-OMe-pyridin-2-yl 5-CN-[1,2,3]tdzl-4-yl 4-F-1H-[1,2,3]tzl-5-yl 6-OCF₃-pyridin-2-yl 5-OMe-[1,2,3]tdzl-4-yl 4-Cl-1H-[1,2,3]tzl-5-yl 6-N(Me)₂-pyridin-2-yl 5-OCF₃-[1,2,3]tdzl-4-yl 4-Br-1H-[1,2,3]tzl-5-yl 6-Ph-pyridin-2-yl 5-Ph-[1,2,3]tdzl-4-yl 4-Me-1H-[1,2,3]tzl-5-yl 3-F-pyridin-2-yl 3H-[1,2,4]tzl-3-yl 4-CF₃-1H-[1,2,3]tzl-5-yl 3-Cl-pyridin-2-yl 5-F-3H-[1,2,4]tzl-3-yl 4-CHF₂-1H-[1,2,3]tzl-5-yl 3-Br-pyridin-2-yl 3-I-pyridin-2-yl 3-OMe-pyridin-4-yl 5-F-pyridazin-2-yl 3-Me-pyridin-2-yl 3-OCF₃-pyridin-4-yl 5-Cl-pyridazin-2-yl 3-Et-pyridin-2-yl 3-N(Me)₂-pyridin-4-yl 5-Br-pyridazin-2-yl 3-CF₃-pyridin-2-yl 3-Ph-pyridin-4-yl 5-I-pyridazin-2-yl 3-CHF₂-pyridin-2-yl 3,5-di-Me-pyridin-4-yl 5-Me-pyridazin-2-yl 3-CHO-pyridin-2-yl 3,5-di-Cl-pyridin-4-yl 5-Et-pyridazin-2-yl 3-CN-pyridin-2-yl 6-F-pyridazin-3-yl 5-CF₃-pyridazin-2-yl 3-OMe-pyridin-2-yl 6-Cl-pyridazin-3-yl 5-CHF₂-pyridazin-2-yl 3-OCF₃-pyridin-2-yl 6-Br-pyridaizn-3-yl 5-CHO-pyridazin-2-yl 3-N(Me)₂-pyridin-2-yl 6-I-pyridazin-3-yl 5-CN-pyridazin-2-yl 3-Ph-pyridin-2-yl 6-Me-pyridazin-3-yl 5-OMe-pyridazin-2-yl 5,6-di-Cl-pyridin-2-yl 6-Et-pyridazin-3-yl 5-OCF₃-pyridazin-2-yl 6-F-pyridin-3-yl 6-CF₃-pyridazin-3-yl 5-N(Me)₂-pyridazin-2-yl 6-Cl-pyridin-3-yl 6-CHF₂-pyridazin-3-yl 5-Ph-pyridazin-2-yl 6-Br-pyridin-3-yl 6-CHO-pyridazin-3-yl 5-F-pyrimidin-4-yl 6-I-pyridin-3-yl 6-CN-pyridaizn-3-yl 5-Cl-pyrimidin-4-yl 6-Me-pyridin-3-yl 6-OMe-pyridazin-3-yl 5-Br-pyrimidin-4-yl 6-Et-pyridin-3-yl 6-OCF₃-pyridazin-3-yl 5-I-pyrimidin-4-yl 6-CF₃-pyridin-3-yl 6-N(Me)₂-pyridazin-3-yl 5-Me-pyrimidin-4-yl 6-CHF₂-pyridin-3-yl 6-Ph-pyridazin-3-yl 5-Et-pyrimidin-4-yl 6-CHO-pyridin-3-yl 4-Cl-pyridazin-3-yl 5-CF₃-pyrimidin-4-yl 6-CN-pyridin-3-yl 4-CN-pyridazin-3-yl 5-CHF₂-pyrimidin-4-yl 6-OMe-pyridin-3-yl 6-F-pyridazin-4-yl 5-CHO-pyrimidin-4-yl 6-OCF₃-pyridiin-3-yl 6-Cl-pyridazin-4-yl 5-CN-pyrimidin-4-yl 6-N(Me)₂-pyridin-3-yl 6-Br-pyridazin-4-yl 5-OMe-pyrimidin-4-yl 6-Ph-pyridin-3-yl 6-I-pyridazin-4-yl 5-OCF₃-pyrimidin-4-yl 4,6-di-Cl-pyridin-3-yl 6-Me-pyridazin-4-yl 5-N(Me)₂-pyrimidin-4-yl 4-CN-6-Cl-pyridin3--yl 6-Et-pyridazin-4-yl 5-Ph-pyrimidin-4-yl 3-F-pyridin-4-yl 6-CF₃-pyridazin-4-yl 2-F-pyrimidin-5-yl 3-Cl-pyridin-4-yl 6-CHF₂-pyridazin-4-yl 2-Cl-pyrimidin-5-yl 3-Br-pyridin-4-yl 6-CHO-pyridazin-4-yl 2-Br-pyrimidin-5-yl 3-I-pyridin-4-yl 6-CN-pyridazin-4-yl 2-I-pyrimidin-5-yl 3-Me-pyridin-4-yl 6-OMe-pyridazin-4-yl 2-Me-pyrimidni-5-yl 3-Et-pyridin-4-yl 6-OCF₃-pyridazin-4-yl 2-Et-pyrimidin-5-yl 3-CF₃-pyridin4--yl 6-N(Me)₂-pyridazin-4-yl 2-CF₃-pyrimidin-5-yl 3-CHF₂-pyridin-4-yl 6-Ph-pyridazin-4-yl 2-CHF₂-pyrimidin-5-yl 3-CHO-pyridin-4-yl 4-Cl-pyridazin-4-yl 2-CHO-pyrimidin-5-yl 3-CN-pyridin-4-yl 4-CN-pyridazin-4-yl 2-CN-pyrimidin-5-yl 2-OMe-pyrimidin-5-yl 3-OMe-[1,2,4]triazin-6-yl 6-CN-[1,2,4]triazin-3-yl 2-OCF₃-pyrimidin-5-yl 3-CF₃-[1,2,4]triazin-6-yl 4-Cl-[1,3,5]triazin-2-yl 2-N(Me)₂-pyrimidin-5-yl 6-Cl-[1,2,4]triazin-5-yl 4-CF₃-phenyl 2-Ph-pyrimidin-5-yl 6-Me-[1,2,4]triazin-5-yl 4-OCF₃-phenyl 3-Cl-pyrazin-2-yl 6-OMe-[1,2,4]triazin-5-yl 3-OCF₃-phenyl 3-CN-pyrazin-2-yl 6-CN-[1,2,4]triazin-5-yl 3,5-di-OCF₃-phenyl 3-OMe-pyrazin-2-yl 6-Cl-[1,2,4]triazin-3-yl 3,5-di-Cl-phenyl 3-Cl-[1,2,4]triazin-6-yl 6-Me-[1,2,4]triazin-3-yl 3-CN-[1,2,4]triaizn-6-yl 6-OMe-[1,2,4]triazin-3-yl

The present disclosure also includes Tables 2 through 1584. Each Table is constructed in the the same manner as Table 1 above, except that the row heading in Table 1 (i.e. “R²=Cl; Z=O; and R³=H (m=0)”) is replaced with the respective row heading shown below. For example, the first entry in Table 2 is a compound of Formula 1 wherein R¹ is H, R² is Cl, Z is O, R³ is H (m=0), and Q is isoxazol-5-yl (i.e. unsubstituted isoxazole attached to the remainder of Formula 1 at the 5-position). The remainder of Table 2 is constructed in the same way, and hence the remainder of Tables 3 through 1584 is constructed the same way.

Table Header Row 2 R² = F, Z = O, R³ = H (m = 0) 3 R² = F, Z = O, R³ = 3-F 4 R² = F, Z = O, R³ = 3-Cl 5 R² = F, Z = O, R³ = 3-Br 6 R² = F, Z = O, R³ = 3-I 7 R² = F, Z = O, R³ = 3-CN 8 R² = F, Z = O, R³ = 3-NO₂ 9 R² = F, Z = O, R³ = 3-OMe 10 R² = F, Z = O, R³ = 3-OCF₃ 11 R² = F, Z = O, R³ = 3-CF₃ 12 R² = F, Z = O, R³ = 3-CHF₂ 13 R² = F, Z = O, R³ = 3-CH₂F 14 R² = F, Z = O, R³ = 3-CHO 15 R² = F, Z = O, R³ = 3-Me 16 R² = F, Z = O, R³ = 3-Et 17 R² = F, Z = O, R³ = 3-Ethynyl 18 R² = F, Z = O, R³ = 3-Ethenyl 19 R² = F, Z = O, R³ = 3-SO₂Me 20 R² = F, Z = O, R³ = 3-OAc 21 R² = F, Z = O, R³ = 3-c-Pr 22 R² = F, Z = O, R³ = 3-i-Pr 23 R² = F, Z = O, R³ = 3-Ph 24 R² = F, Z = S, R³ = 3-F 25 R² = F, Z = S, R³ = 3-Cl 26 R² = F, Z = S, R³ = 3-Br 27 R² = F, Z = S, R³ = 3-I 28 R² = F, Z = S, R³ = 3-CN 29 R² = F, Z = S, R³ = 3-NO₂ 30 R² = F, Z = S, R³ = 3-OMe 31 R² = F, Z = S, R³ = 3-OCF₃ 32 R² = F, Z = S, R³ = 3-CF₃ 33 R² = F, Z = S, R³ = 3-CHF₂ 34 R² = F, Z = S, R³ = 3-CH₂F 35 R² = F, Z = S, R³ = 3-CHO 36 R² = F, Z = S, R³ = 3-Me 37 R² = F, Z = S, R³ = 3-Et 38 R² = F, Z = S, R³ = 3-Ethynyl 39 R² = F, Z = S, R³ = 3-Ethenyl 40 R² = F, Z = S, R³ = 3-SO₂Me 41 R² = F, Z = S, R³ = 3-OAc 42 R² = F, Z = S, R³ = 3-c-Pr 43 R² = F, Z = S, R³ = 3-i-Pr 44 R² = F, Z = S, R³ = 3-Ph 45 R² = F, Z = O, R³ = 4-F 46 R² = F, Z = O, R³ = 4-Cl 47 R² = F, Z = O, R³ = 4-Br 48 R² = F, Z = O, R³ = 4-I 49 R² = F, Z = O, R³ = 4-CN 50 R² = F, Z = O, R³ = 4-NO₂ 51 R² = F, Z = O, R³ = 4-OMe 52 R² = F, Z = O, R³ = 4-OCF₃ 53 R² = F, Z = O, R³ = 4-CF₃ 54 R² = F, Z = O, R³ = 4-CHF₂ 55 R² = F, Z = O, R³ = 4-CH₂F 56 R² = F, Z = O, R³ = 4-CHO 57 R² = F, Z = O, R³ = 4-Me 58 R² = F, Z = O, R³ = 4-Et 59 R² = F, Z = O, R³ = 4-Ethynyl 60 R² = F, Z = O, R³ = 4-Ethenyl 61 R² = F, Z = O, R³ = 4-SO₂ Me 62 R² = F, Z = O, R³ = 4-OAc 63 R² = F, Z = O, R³ = 4-c-Pr 64 R² = F, Z = O, R³ = 4-i-Pr 65 R² = F, Z = O, R³ = 4-Ph 66 R² = F, Z = O, R³ = 5-F 67 R² = F, Z = O, R³ = 5-Cl 68 R² = F, Z = O, R³ = 5-Br 69 R² = F, Z = O, R³ = 5-I 70 R² = F, Z = O, R³ = 5-CN 71 R² = F, Z = O, R³ = 5-NO₂ 72 R² = F, Z = O, R³ = 5-OMe 73 R² = F, Z = O, R³ = 5-OCF₃ 74 R² = F, Z = O, R³ = 5-CF₃ 75 R² = F, Z = O, R³ = 5-CHF₂ 76 R² = F, Z = O, R³ = 5-CH₂F 77 R² = F, Z = O, R³ = 5-CHO 78 R² = F, Z = O, R³ = 5-Me 79 R² = F, Z = O, R³ = 5-Et 80 R² = F, Z = O, R³ = 5-Ethynyl 81 R² = F, Z = O, R³ = 5-Ethenyl 82 R² = F, Z = O, R³ = 5-SO₂Me 83 R² = F, Z = O, R³ = 5-OAc 84 R² = F, Z = O, R³ = 5-c-Pr 85 R² = F, Z = O, R³ = 5-i-Pr 86 R² = F, Z = O, R³ = 5-Ph 87 R² = F, Z = O, R³ = 6-F 88 R² = F, Z = O, R³ = 6-Cl 89 R² = F, Z = O, R³ = 6-Br 90 R² = F, Z = O, R³ = 6-I 91 R² = F, Z = O, R³ = 6-CN 92 R² = F, Z = O, R³ = 6-NO₂ 93 R² = F, Z = O, R³ = 6-OMe 94 R² = F, Z = O, R³ = 6-OCF₃ 95 R² = F, Z = O, R³ = 6-CF₃ 96 R² = F, Z = O, R³ = 6-CHF₂ 97 R² = F, Z = O, R³ = 6-CH₂F 98 R² = F, Z = O, R³ = 6-CHO 99 R² = F, Z = O, R³ = 6-Me 100 R² = F, Z = O, R³ = 6-Et 101 R² = F, Z = O, R³ = 6-Ethynyl 102 R² = F, Z = O, R³ = 6-Ethenyl 103 R² = F, Z = O, R³ = 6-SO₂Me 104 R² = F, Z = O, R³ = 6-OAc 105 R² = F, Z = O, R³ = 6-c-Pr 106 R² = F, Z = O, R³ = 6-i-Pr 107 R² = F, Z = O, R³ = 6-Ph 108 R² = F, Z = O, R³ = 3,4-di-F 109 R² = F, Z = O, R³ = 3,5-di-F 110 R² = F, Z = O, R³ = 3,6-di-F 111 R² = F, Z = O, R³ = 4,5-di-F 112 R² = F, Z = O, R³ = 3,4-di-Cl 113 R² = F, Z = O, R³ = 3,5-di-Cl 114 R² = F, Z = O, R³ = 3,6-di-Cl 115 R² = F, Z = O, R³ = 4,5-di-Cl 116 R² = F, Z = O, R³ = 3,4-di-Br 117 R² = F, Z = O, R³ = 3,5-di-Br 118 R² = F, Z = O, R³ = 3,6-di-Br 119 R² = F, Z = O, R³ = 4,5-di-Br 120 R² = F, Z = O, R³ = 3,4-di-CN 121 R² = F, Z = O, R³ = 3,5-di-CN 122 R² = F, Z = O, R³ = 3,6-di-CN 123 R² = F, Z = O, R³ = 4,5-di-CN 124 R² = F, Z = O, R³ = 3,4-di-Me 125 R² = F, Z = O, R³ = 3,5-di-Me 126 R² = F, Z = O, R³ = 3,6-di-Me 127 R² = F, Z = O, R³ = 4,5-di-Me 128 R² = F, Z = O, R³ = 3,4-di-OMe 129 R² = F, Z = O, R³ = 3,5-di-OMe 130 R² = F, Z = O, R³ = 3,6-di-OMe 131 R² = F, Z = O, R³ = 4,5-di-OMe 132 R² = F, Z = O, R³ = 3,4-di-CF₃ 133 R² = F, Z = O, R³ = 3,5-di-CF₃ 134 R² = F, Z = O, R³ = 3,6-di-CF₃ 135 R² = F, Z = O, R³ = 4,5-di-CF₃ 136 R² = F, Z = O, R³ = 3-CN, 4-Me 137 R² = F, Z = O, R³ = 3-CN, 4-F 138 R² = F, Z = O, R³ = 3-CN, 4-Br 139 R² = F, Z = O, R³ = 3-CN, 4-OMe 140 R² = F, Z = O, R³ = 3-CN, 4-CF₃ 141 R² = F, Z = O, R³ = 3-CN, 6-Me 142 R² = F, Z = O, R³ = 3-CN, 6-F 143 R² = F, Z = O, R³ = 3-CN, 6-Br 144 R² = F, Z = O, R³ = 3-CN, 6-OMe 145 R² = F, Z = O, R³ = 3-CN, 6-CF₃ 146 R² = Br, Z = O, R³ = H (m = 0) 147 R² = Br, Z = O, R³ = 3-F 148 R² = Br, Z = O, R³ = 3-Cl 149 R² = Br, Z = O, R³ = 3-Br 150 R² = Br, Z = O, R³ = 3-I 151 R² = Br, Z = O, R³ = 3-CN 152 R² = Br, Z = O, R³ = 3-NO₂ 153 R² = Br, Z = O, R³ = 3-OMe 154 R² = Br, Z = O, R³ = 3-OCF₃ 155 R² = Br, Z = O, R³ = 3-CF₃ 156 R² = Br, Z = O, R³ = 3-CHF₂ 157 R² = Br, Z = O, R³ = 3-CH₂F 158 R² = Br, Z = O, R³ = 3-CHO 159 R² = Br, Z = O, R³ = 3-Me 160 R² = Br, Z = O, R³ = 3-Et 161 R² = Br, Z = O, R³ = 3-Ethynyl 162 R² = Br, Z = O, R³ = 3-Ethenyl 163 R² = Br, Z = O, R³ = 3-SO₂Me 164 R² = Br, Z = O, R³ = 3-OAc 165 R² = Br, Z = O, R³ = 3-c-Pr 166 R² = Br, Z = O, R³ = 3-i-Pr 167 R² = Br, Z = O, R³ = 3-Ph 168 R² = Br, Z = S, R³ = 3-F 169 R² = Br, Z = S, R³ = 3-Cl 170 R² = Br, Z = S, R³ = 3-Br 171 R² = Br, Z = S, R³ = 3-I 172 R² = Br, Z = S, R³ = 3-CN 173 R² = Br, Z = S, R³ = 3-NO₂ 174 R² = Br, Z = S, R³ = 3-OMe 175 R² = Br, Z = S, R³ = 3-OCF₃ 176 R² = Br, Z = S, R³ = 3-CF₃ 177 R² = Br, Z = S, R³ = 3-CHF₂ 178 R² = Br, Z = S, R³ = 3-CH₂F 179 R² = Br, Z = S, R³ = 3-CHO 180 R² = Br, Z = S, R³ = 3-Me 181 R² = Br, Z = S, R³ = 3-Et 182 R² = Br, Z = S, R³ = 3-Ethynyl 183 R² = Br, Z = S, R³ = 3-Ethenyl 184 R² = Br, Z = S, R³ = 3-SO₂Me 185 R² = Br, Z = S, R³ = 3-OAc 186 R² = Br, Z = S, R³ = 3-c-Pr 187 R² = Br, Z = S, R³ = 3-i-Pr 188 R² = Br, Z = S, R³ = 3-Ph 189 R² = Br, Z = O, R³ = 4-F 190 R² = Br, Z = O, R³ = 4-Cl 191 R² = Br, Z = O, R³ = 4-Br 192 R² = Br, Z = O, R³ = 4-I 193 R² = Br, Z = O, R³ = 4-CN 194 R² = Br, Z = O, R³ = 4-NO₂ 195 R² = Br, Z = O, R³ = 4-OMe 196 R² = Br, Z = O, R³ = 4-OCF₃ 197 R² = Br, Z = O, R³ = 4-CF₃ 198 R² = Br, Z = O, R³ = 4-CHF₂ 199 R² = Br, Z = O, R³ = 4-CH₂F 200 R² = Br, Z = O, R³ = 4-CHO 201 R² = Br, Z = O, R³ = 4-Me 202 R² = Br, Z = O, R³ = 4-Et 203 R² = Br, Z = O, R³ = 4-Ethynyl 204 R² = Br, Z = O, R³ = 4-Ethenyl 205 R² = Br, Z = O, R³ = 4-SO₂Me 206 R² = Br, Z = O, R³ = 4-OAc 207 R² = Br, Z = O, R³ = 4-c-Pr 208 R² = Br, Z = O, R³ = 4-i-Pr 209 R² = Br, Z = O, R³ = 4-Ph 210 R² = Br, Z = O, R³ = 5-F 211 R² = Br, Z = O, R³ = 5-Cl 212 R² = Br, Z = O, R³ = 5-Br 213 R² = Br, Z = O, R³ = 5-I 214 R² = Br, Z = O, R³ = 5-CN 215 R² = Br, Z = O, R³ = 5-NO₂ 216 R² = Br, Z = O, R³ = 5-OMe 217 R² = Br, Z = O, R³ = 5-OCF₃ 218 R² = Br, Z = O, R³ = 5-CF₃ 219 R² = Br, Z = O, R³ = 5-CHF₂ 220 R² = Br, Z = O, R³ = 5-CH₂F 221 R² = Br, Z = O, R³ = 5-CHO 222 R² = Br, Z = O, R³ = 5-Me 223 R² = Br, Z = O, R³ = 5-Et 224 R² = Br, Z = O, R³ = 5-Ethynyl 225 R² = Br, Z = O, R³ = 5-Ethenyl 226 R² = Br, Z = O, R³ = 5-SO₂Me 227 R² = Br, Z = O, R³ = 5-OAc 228 R² = Br, Z = O, R³ = 5-c-Pr 229 R² = Br, Z = O, R³ = 5-i-Pr 230 R² = Br, Z = O, R³ = 5-Ph 231 R² = Br, Z = O, R³ = 6-F 232 R² = Br, Z = O, R³ = 6-Cl 233 R² = Br, Z = O, R³ = 6-Br 234 R² = Br, Z = O, R³ = 6-I 235 R² = Br, Z = O, R³ = 6-CN 236 R² = Br, Z = O, R³ = 6-NO₂ 237 R² = Br, Z = O, R³ = 6-OMe 238 R² = Br, Z = O, R³ = 6-OCF₃ 239 R² = Br, Z = O, R³ = 6-CF₃ 240 R² = Br, Z = O, R³ = 6-CHF₂ 241 R² = Br, Z = O, R³ = 6-CH₂F 242 R² = Br, Z = O, R³ = 6-CHO 243 R² = Br, Z = O, R³ = 6-Me 244 R² = Br, Z = O, R³ = 6-Et 245 R² = Br, Z = O, R³ = 6-Ethynyl 246 R² = Br, Z = O, R³ = 6-Ethenyl 247 R² = Br, Z = O, R³ = 6-SO₂Me 248 R² = Br, Z = O, R³ = 6-OAc 249 R² = Br, Z = O, R³ = 6-c-Pr 250 R² = Br, Z = O, R³ = 6-i-Pr 251 R² = Br, Z = O, R³ = 6-Ph 252 R² = Br, Z = O, R³ = 3,4-di-F 253 R² = Br, Z = O, R³ = 3,5-di-F 254 R² = Br, Z = O, R³ = 3,6-di-F 255 R² = Br, Z = O, R³ = 4,5-di-F 256 R² = Br, Z = O, R³ = 3,4-di-Cl 257 R² = Br, Z = O, R³ = 3,5-di-Cl 258 R² = Br, Z = O, R³ = 3,6-di-Cl 259 R² = Br, Z = O, R³ = 4,5-di-Cl 260 R² = Br, Z = O, R³ = 3,4-di-Br 261 R² = Br, Z = O, R³ = 3,5-di-Br 262 R² = Br, Z = O, R³ = 3,6-di-Br 263 R² = Br, Z = O, R³ = 4,5-di-Br 264 R² = Br, Z = O, R³ = 3,4-di-CN 265 R² = Br, Z = O, R³ = 3,5-di-CN 266 R² = Br, Z = O, R³ = 3,6-di-CN 267 R² = Br, Z = O, R³ = 4,5-di-CN 268 R² = Br, Z = O, R³ = 3,4-di-Me 269 R² = Br, Z = O, R³ = 3,5-di-Me 270 R² = Br, Z = O, R³ = 3,6-di-Me 271 R² = Br, Z = O, R³ = 4,5-di-Me 272 R² = Br, Z = O, R³ = 3,4-di-OMe 273 R² = Br, Z = O, R³ = 3,5-di-OMe 274 R² = Br, Z = O, R³ = 3,6-di-OMe 275 R² = Br, Z = O, R³ = 4,5-di-OMe 276 R² = Br, Z = O, R³ = 3,4-di-CF₃ 277 R² = Br, Z = O, R³ = 3,5-di-CF₃ 278 R² = Br, Z = O, R³ = 3,6-di-CF₃ 279 R² = Br, Z = O, R³ = 4,5-di-CF₃ 280 R² = Br, Z = O, R³ = 3-CN, 4-Me 281 R² = Br, Z = O, R³ = 3-CN, 4-F 282 R² = Br, Z = O, R³ = 3-CN, 4-Br 283 R² = Br, Z = O, R³ = 3-CN, 4-OMe 284 R² = Br, Z = O, R³ = 3-CN, 4-CF₃ 285 R² = Br, Z = O, R³ = 3-CN, 6-Me 286 R² = Br, Z = O, R³ = 3-CN, 6-F 287 R² = Br, Z = O, R³ = 3-CN, 6-Br 288 R² = Br, Z = O, R³ = 3-CN, 6-OMe 289 R² = Br, Z = O, R³ = 3-CN, 6-CF₃ 290 R² = Cl, Z = O, R³ = H (m = 0) 291 R² = Cl, Z = O, R³ = 3-F 292 R² = Cl, Z = O, R³ = 3-Cl 293 R² = Cl, Z = O, R³ = 3-Br 294 R² = Cl, Z = O, R³ = 3-I 295 R² = Cl, Z = O, R³ = 3-CN 296 R² = Cl, Z = O, R³ = 3-NO₂ 297 R² = Cl, Z = O, R³ = 3-OMe 298 R² = Cl, Z = O, R³ = 3-OCF₃ 299 R² = Cl, Z = O, R³ = 3-CF₃ 300 R² = Cl, Z = O, R³ = 3-CHF₂ 301 R² = Cl, Z = O, R³ = 3-CH₂F 302 R² = Cl, Z = O, R³ = 3-CHO 303 R² = Cl, Z = O, R³ = 3-Me 304 R² = Cl, Z = O, R³ = 3-Et 305 R² = Cl, Z = O, R³ = 3-Ethynyl 306 R² = Cl, Z = O, R³ = 3-Ethenyl 307 R² = Cl, Z = O, R³ = 3-SO₂Me 308 R² = Cl, Z = O, R³ = 3-OAc 309 R² = Cl, Z = O, R³ = 3-c-Pr 310 R² = Cl, Z = O, R³ = 3-i-Pr 311 R² = Cl, Z = O, R³ = 3-Ph 312 R² = Cl, Z = S, R³ = 3-F 313 R² = Cl, Z = S, R³ = 3-Cl 314 R² = Cl, Z = S, R³ = 3-Br 315 R² = Cl, Z = S, R³ = 3-I 316 R² = Cl, Z = S, R³ = 3-CN 317 R² = Cl, Z = S, R³ = 3-NO₂ 318 R² = Cl, Z = S, R³ = 3-OMe 319 R² = Cl, Z = S, R³ = 3-OCF₃ 320 R² = Cl, Z = S, R³ = 3-CF₃ 321 R² = Cl, Z = S, R³ = 3-CHF₂ 322 R² = Cl, Z = S, R³ = 3-CH₂F 323 R² = Cl, Z = S, R³ = 3-CHO 324 R² = Cl, Z = S, R³ = 3-Me 325 R² = Cl, Z = S, R³ = 3-Et 326 R² = Cl, Z = S, R³ = 3-Ethynyl 327 R² = Cl, Z = S, R³ = 3-Ethenyl 328 R² = Cl, Z = S, R³ = 3-SO₂Me 329 R² = Cl, Z = S, R³ = 3-OAc 330 R² = Cl, Z = S, R³ = 3-c-Pr 331 R² = Cl, Z = S, R³ = 3-i-Pr 332 R² = Cl, Z = S, R³ = 3-Ph 333 R² = Cl, Z = O, R³ = 4-F 334 R² = Cl, Z = O, R³ = 4-Cl 335 R² = Cl, Z = O, R³ = 4-Br 336 R² = Cl, Z = O, R³ = 4-I 337 R² = Cl, Z = O, R³ = 4-CN 338 R² = Cl, Z = O, R³ = 4-NO₂ 339 R² = Cl, Z = O, R³ = 4-OMe 340 R² = Cl, Z = O, R³ = 4-OCF₃ 341 R² = Cl, Z = O, R³ = 4-CF₃ 342 R² = Cl, Z = O, R³ = 4-CHF₂ 343 R² = Cl, Z = O, R³ = 4-CH₂F 344 R² = Cl, Z = O, R³ = 4-CHO 345 R² = Cl, Z = O, R³ = 4-Me 346 R² = Cl, Z = O, R³ = 4-Et 347 R² = Cl, Z = O, R³ = 4-Ethynyl 348 R² = Cl, Z = O, R³ = 4-Ethenyl 349 R² = Cl, Z = O, R³ = 4-SO₂Me 350 R² = Cl, Z = O, R³ = 4-OAc 351 R² = Cl, Z = O, R³ = 4-c-Pr 352 R² = Cl, Z = O, R³ = 4-i-Pr 353 R² = Cl, Z = O, R³ = 4-Ph 354 R² = Cl, Z = O, R³ = 5-F 355 R² = Cl, Z = O, R³ = 5-Cl 356 R² = Cl, Z = O, R³ = 5-Br 357 R² = Cl, Z = O, R³ = 5-I 358 R² = Cl, Z = O, R³ = 5-CN 359 R² = Cl, Z = O, R³ = 5-NO₂ 360 R² = Cl, Z = O, R³ = 5-OMe 361 R² = Cl, Z = O, R³ = 5-OCF₃ 362 R² = Cl, Z = O, R³ = 5-CF₃ 363 R² = Cl, Z = O, R³ = 5-CHF₂ 364 R² = Cl, Z = O, R³ = 5-CH₂F 365 R² = Cl, Z = O, R³ = 5-CHO 366 R² = Cl, Z = O, R³ = 5-Me 367 R² = Cl, Z = O, R³ = 5-Et 368 R² = Cl, Z = O, R³ = 5-Ethynyl 369 R² = Cl, Z = O, R³ = 5-Ethenyl 370 R² = Cl, Z = O, R³ = 5-SO₂Me 371 R² = Cl, Z = O, R³ = 5-OAc 372 R² = Cl, Z = O, R³ = 5-c-Pr 373 R² = Cl, Z = O, R³ = 5-i-Pr 374 R² = Cl, Z = O, R³ = 5-Ph 375 R² = Cl, Z = O, R³ = 6-F 376 R² = Cl, Z = O, R³ = 6-Cl 377 R² = Cl, Z = O, R³ = 6-Br 378 R² = Cl, Z = O, R³ = 6-I 379 R² = Cl, Z = O, R³ = 6-CN 380 R² = Cl, Z = O, R³ = 6-NO₂ 381 R² = Cl, Z = O, R³ = 6-OMe 382 R² = Cl, Z = O, R³ = 6-OCF₃ 383 R² = Cl, Z = O, R³ = 6-CF₃ 384 R² = Cl, Z = O, R³ = 6-CHF₂ 385 R² = Cl, Z = O, R³ = 6-CH₂F 386 R² = Cl, Z = O, R³ = 6-CHO 387 R² = Cl, Z = O, R³ = 6-Me 388 R² = Cl, Z = O, R³ = 6-Et 389 R² = Cl, Z = O, R³ = 6-Ethynyl 390 R² = Cl, Z = O, R³ = 6-Ethenyl 391 R² = Cl, Z = O, R³ = 6-SO₂Me 392 R² = Cl, Z = O, R³ = 6-OAc 393 R² = Cl, Z = O, R³ = 6-c-Pr 394 R² = Cl, Z = O, R³ = 6-i-Pr 395 R² = Cl, Z = O, R³ = 6-Ph 396 R² = Cl, Z = O, R³ = 3,4-di-F 397 R² = Cl, Z = O, R³ = 3,5-di-F 398 R² = Cl, Z = O, R³ = 3,6-di-F 399 R² = Cl, Z = O, R³ = 4,5-di-F 400 R² = Cl, Z = O, R³ = 3,4-di-Cl 401 R² = Cl, Z = O, R³ = 3,5-di-Cl 402 R² = Cl, Z = O, R³ = 3,6-di-Cl 403 R² = Cl, Z = O, R³ = 4,5-di-Cl 404 R² = Cl, Z = O, R³ = 3,4-di-Br 405 R² = Cl, Z = O, R³ = 3,5-di-Br 406 R² = Cl, Z = O, R³ = 3,6-di-Br 407 R² = Cl, Z = O, R³ = 4,5-di-Br 408 R² = Cl, Z = O, R³ = 3,4-di-CN 409 R² = Cl, Z = O, R³ = 3,5-di-CN 410 R² = Cl, Z = O, R³ = 3,6-di-CN 411 R² = Cl, Z = O, R³ = 4,5-di-CN 412 R² = Cl, Z = O, R³ = 3,4-di-Me 413 R² = Cl, Z = O, R³ = 3,5-di-Me 414 R² = Cl, Z = O, R³ = 3,6-di-Me 415 R² = Cl, Z = O, R³ = 4,5-di-Me 416 R² = Cl, Z = O, R³ = 3,4-di-OMe 417 R² = Cl, Z = O, R³ = 3,5-di-OMe 418 R² = Cl, Z = O, R³ = 3,6-di-OMe 419 R² = Cl, Z = O, R³ = 4,5-di-OMe 420 R² = Cl, Z = O, R³ = 3,4-di-CF₃ 421 R² = Cl, Z = O, R³ = 3,5-di-CF₃ 422 R² = Cl, Z = O, R³ = 3,6-di-CF₃ 423 R² = Cl, Z = O, R³ = 4,5-di-CF₃ 424 R² = Cl, Z = O, R³ = 3-CN, 4-Me 425 R² = Cl, Z = O, R³ = 3-CN, 4-F 426 R² = Cl, Z = O, R³ = 3-CN, 4-Br 427 R² = Cl, Z = O, R³ = 3-CN, 4-OMe 428 R² = Cl, Z = O, R³ = 3-CN, 4-CF₃ 429 R² = Cl, Z = O, R³ = 3-CN, 6-Me 430 R² = Cl, Z = O, R³ = 3-CN, 6-F 431 R² = Cl, Z = O, R³ = 3-CN, 6-Br 432 R² = Cl, Z = O, R³ = 3-CN, 6-OMe 433 R² = Cl, Z = O, R³ = 3-CN, 6-CF₃ 434 R² = I, Z = O, R³ = H (m = 0) 435 R² = I, Z = O, R³ = 3-F 436 R² = I, Z = O, R³ = 3-Cl 437 R² = I, Z = O, R³ = 3-Br 438 R² = I, Z = O, R³ = 3-I 439 R² = I, Z = O, R³ = 3-CN 440 R² = I, Z = O, R³ = 3-NO₂ 441 R² = I, Z = O, R³ = 3-OMe 442 R² = I, Z = O, R³ = 3-OCF₃ 443 R² = I, Z = O, R³ = 3-CF₃ 444 R² = I, Z = O, R³ = 3-CHF₂ 445 R² = I, Z = O, R³ = 3-CH₂F 446 R² = I, Z = O, R³ = 3-CHO 447 R² = I, Z = O, R³ = 3-Me 448 R² = I, Z = O, R³ = 3-Et 449 R² = I, Z = O, R³ = 3-Ethynyl 450 R² = I, Z = O, R³ = 3-Ethenyl 451 R² = I, Z = O, R³ = 3-SO₂Me 452 R² = I, Z = O, R³ = 3-OAc 453 R² = I, Z = O, R³ = 3-c-Pr 454 R² = I, Z = O, R³ = 3-i-Pr 455 R² = I, Z = O, R³ = 3-Ph 456 R² = I, Z = S, R³ = 3-F 457 R² = I, Z = S, R³ = 3-Cl 458 R² = I, Z = S, R³ = 3-Br 459 R² = I, Z = S, R³ = 3-I 460 R² = I, Z = S, R³ = 3-CN 461 R² = I, Z = S, R³ = 3-NO₂ 462 R² = I, Z = S, R³ = 3-OMe 463 R² = I, Z = S, R³ = 3-OCF₃ 464 R² = I, Z = S, R³ = 3-CF₃ 465 R² = I, Z = S, R³ = 3-CHF₂ 466 R² = I, Z = S, R³ = 3-CH₂F 467 R² = I, Z = S, R³ = 3-CHO 468 R² = I, Z = S, R³ = 3-Me 469 R² = I, Z = S, R³ = 3-Et 470 R² = I, Z = S, R³ = 3-Ethynyl 471 R² = I, Z = S, R³ = 3-Ethenyl 472 R² = I, Z = S, R³ = 3-SO₂Me 473 R² = I, Z = S, R³ = 3-OAc 474 R² = I, Z = S, R³ = 3-c-Pr 475 R² = I, Z = S, R³ = 3-i-Pr 476 R² = I, Z = S, R³ = 3-Ph 477 R² = I, Z = O, R³ = 4-F 478 R² = I, Z = O, R³ = 4-Cl 479 R² = I, Z = O, R³ = 4-Br 480 R² = I, Z = O, R³ = 4-I 481 R² = I, Z = O, R³ = 4-CN 482 R² = I, Z = O, R³ = 4-NO₂ 483 R² = I, Z = O, R³ = 4-OMe 484 R² = I, Z = O, R³ = 4-OCF₃ 485 R² = I, Z = O, R³ = 4-CF₃ 486 R² = I, Z = O, R³ = 4-CHF₂ 487 R² = I, Z = O, R³ = 4-CH₂F 488 R² = I, Z = O, R³ = 4-CHO 489 R² = I, Z = O, R³ = 4-Me 490 R² = I, Z = O, R³ = 4-Et 491 R² = I, Z = O, R³ = 4-Ethynyl 492 R² = I, Z = O, R³ = 4-Ethenyl 493 R² = I, Z = O, R³ = 4-SO₂Me 494 R² = I, Z = O, R³ = 4-OAc 495 R² = I, Z = O, R³ = 4-c-Pr 496 R² = I, Z = O, R³ = 4-i-Pr 497 R² = I, Z = O, R³ = 4-Ph 498 R² = I, Z = O, R³ = 5-F 499 R² = I, Z = O, R³ = 5-Cl 500 R² = I, Z = O, R³ = 5-Br 501 R² = I, Z = O, R³ = 5-I 502 R² = I, Z = O, R³ = 5-CN 503 R² = I, Z = O, R³ = 5-NO₂ 504 R² = I, Z = O, R³ = 5-OMe 505 R² = I, Z = O, R³ = 5-OCF₃ 506 R² = I, Z = O, R³ = 5-CF₃ 507 R² = I, Z = O, R³ = 5-CHF₂ 508 R² = I, Z = O, R³ = 5-CH₂F 509 R² = I, Z = O, R³ = 5-CHO 510 R² = I, Z = O, R³ = 5-Me 511 R² = I, Z = O, R³ = 5-Et 512 R² = I, Z = O, R³ = 5-Ethynyl 513 R² = I, Z = O, R³ = 5-Ethenyl 514 R² = I, Z = O, R³ = 5-SO₂Me 515 R² = I, Z = O, R³ = 5-OAc 516 R² = I, Z = O, R³ = 5-c-Pr 517 R² = I, Z = O, R³ = 5-i-Pr 518 R² = I, Z = O, R³ = 5-Ph 519 R² = I, Z = O, R³ = 6-F 520 R² = I, Z = O, R³ = 6-Cl 521 R² = I, Z = O, R³ = 6-Br 522 R² = I, Z = O, R³ = 6-I 523 R² = I, Z = O, R³ = 6-CN 524 R² = I, Z = O, R³ = 6-NO₂ 525 R² = I, Z = O, R³ = 6-OMe 526 R² = I, Z = O, R³ = 6-OCF₃ 527 R² = I, Z = O, R³ = 6-CF₃ 528 R² = I, Z = O, R³ = 6-CHF₂ 529 R² = I, Z = O, R³ = 6-CH₂F 530 R² = I, Z = O, R³ = 6-CHO 531 R² = I, Z = O, R³ = 6-Me 532 R² = I, Z = O, R³ = 6-Et 533 R² = I, Z = O, R³ = 6-Ethynyl 534 R² = I, Z = O, R³ = 6-Ethenyl 535 R² = I, Z = O, R³ = 6-SO₂Me 536 R² = I, Z = O, R³ = 6-OAc 537 R² = I, Z = O, R³ = 6-c-Pr 538 R² = I, Z = O, R³ = 6-i-Pr 539 R² = I, Z = O, R³ = 6-Ph 540 R² = I, Z = O, R³ = 3,4-di-F 541 R² = I, Z = O, R³ = 3,5-di-F 542 R² = I, Z = O, R³ = 3,6-di-F 543 R² = I, Z = O, R³ = 4,5-di-F 544 R² = I, Z = O, R³ = 3,4-di-Cl 545 R² = I, Z = O, R³ = 3,5-di-Cl 546 R² = I, Z = O, R³ = 3,6-di-Cl 547 R² = I, Z = O, R³ = 4,5-di-Cl 548 R² = I, Z = O, R³ = 3,4-di-Br 549 R² = I, Z = O, R³ = 3,5-di-Br 550 R² = I, Z = O, R³ = 3,6-di-Br 551 R² = I, Z = O, R³ = 4,5-di-Br 552 R² = I, Z = O, R³ = 3,4-di-CN 553 R² = I, Z = O, R³ = 3,5-di-CN 554 R² = I, Z = O, R³ = 3,6-di-CN 555 R² = I, Z = O, R³ = 4,5-di-CN 556 R² = I, Z = O, R³ = 3,4-di-Me 557 R² = I, Z = O, R³ = 3,5-di-Me 558 R² = I, Z = O, R³ = 3,6-di-Me 559 R² = I, Z = O, R³ = 4,5-di-Me 560 R² = I, Z = O, R³ = 3,4-di-OMe 561 R² = I, Z = O, R³ = 3,5-di-OMe 562 R² = I, Z = O, R³ = 3,6-di-OMe 563 R² = I, Z = O, R³ = 4,5-di-OMe 564 R² = I, Z = O, R³ = 3,4-di-CF₃ 565 R² = I, Z = O, R³ = 3,5-di-CF₃ 566 R² = I, Z = O, R³ = 3,6-di-CF₃ 567 R² = I, Z = O, R³ = 4,5-di-CF₃ 568 R² = I, Z = O, R³ = 3-CN, 4-Me 569 R² = I, Z = O, R³ = 3-CN, 4-F 570 R² = I, Z = O, R³ = 3-CN, 4-Br 571 R² = I, Z = O, R³ = 3-CN, 4-OMe 572 R² = I, Z = O, R³ = 3-CN, 4-CF₃ 573 R² = I, Z = O, R³ = 3-CN, 6-Me 574 R² = I, Z = O, R³ = 3-CN, 6-F 575 R² = I, Z = O, R³ = 3-CN, 6-Br 576 R² = I, Z = O, R³ = 3-CN, 6-OMe 577 R² = I, Z = O, R³ = 3-CN, 6-CF₃ 578 R² = Me, Z = O, R³ = H (m = 0) 579 R² = Me, Z = O, R³ = 3-F 580 R² = Me, Z = O, R³ = 3-Cl 581 R² = Me, Z = O, R³ = 3-Br 582 R² = Me, Z = O, R³ = 3-I 583 R² = Me, Z = O, R³ = 3-CN 584 R² = Me, Z = O, R³ = 3-NO₂ 585 R² = Me, Z = O, R³ = 3-OMe 586 R² = Me, Z = O, R³ = 3-OCF₃ 587 R² = Me, Z = O, R³ = 3-CF₃ 588 R² = Me, Z = O, R³ = 3-CHF₂ 589 R² = Me, Z = O, R³ = 3-CH₂F 590 R² = Me, Z = O, R³ = 3-CHO 591 R² = Me, Z = O, R³ = 3-Me 592 R² = Me, Z = O, R³ = 3-Et 593 R² = Me, Z = O, R³ = 3-Ethynyl 594 R² = Me, Z = O, R³ = 3-Ethenyl 595 R² = Me, Z = O, R³ = 3-SO₂Me 596 R² = Me, Z = O, R³ = 3-OAc 597 R² = Me, Z = O, R³ = 3-c-Pr 598 R² = Me, Z = O, R³ = 3-i-Pr 599 R² = Me, Z = O, R³ = 3-Ph 600 R² = Me, Z = S, R³ = 3-F 601 R² = Me, Z = S, R³ = 3-Cl 602 R² = Me, Z = S, R³ = 3-Br 603 R² = Me, Z = S, R³ = 3-I 604 R² = Me, Z = S, R³ = 3-CN 605 R² = Me, Z = S, R³ = 3-NO₂ 606 R² = Me, Z = S, R³ = 3-OMe 607 R² = Me, Z = S, R³ = 3-OCF₃ 608 R² = Me, Z = S, R³ = 3-CF₃ 609 R² = Me, Z = S, R³ = 3-CHF₂ 610 R² = Me, Z = S, R³ = 3-CH₂F 611 R² = Me, Z = S, R³ = 3-CHO 612 R² = Me, Z = S, R³ = 3-Me 613 R² = Me, Z = S, R³ = 3-Et 614 R² = Me, Z = S, R³ = 3-Ethynyl 615 R² = Me, Z = S, R³ = 3-Ethenyl 616 R² = Me, Z = S, R³ = 3-SO₂Me 617 R² = Me, Z = S, R³ = 3-OAc 618 R² = Me, Z = S, R³ = 3-c-Pr 619 R² = Me, Z = S, R³ = 3-i-Pr 620 R² = Me, Z = S, R³ = 3-Ph 621 R² = Me, Z = O, R³ = 4-F 622 R² = Me, Z = O, R³ = 4-Cl 623 R² = Me, Z = O, R³ = 4-Br 624 R² = Me, Z = O, R³ = 4-I 625 R² = Me, Z = O, R³ = 4-CN 626 R² = Me, Z = O, R³ = 4-NO₂ 627 R² = Me, Z = O, R³ = 4-OMe 628 R² = Me, Z = O, R³ = 4-OCF₃ 629 R² = Me, Z = O, R³ = 4-CF₃ 630 R² = Me, Z = O, R³ = 4-CHF₂ 631 R² = Me, Z = O, R³ = 4-CH₂F 632 R² = Me, Z = O, R³ = 4-CHO 633 R² = Me, Z = O, R³ = 4-Me 634 R² = Me, Z = O, R³ = 4-Et 635 R² = Me, Z = O, R³ = 4-Ethynyl 636 R² = Me, Z = O, R³ = 4-Ethenyl 637 R² = Me, Z = O, R³ = 4-SO₂Me 638 R² = Me, Z = O, R³ = 4-OAc 639 R² = Me, Z = O, R³ = 4-c-Pr 640 R² = Me, Z = O, R³ = 4-i-Pr 641 R² = Me, Z = O, R³ = 4-Ph 642 R² = Me, Z = O, R³ = 5-F 643 R² = Me, Z = O, R³ = 5-Cl 644 R² = Me, Z = O, R³ = 5-Br 645 R² = Me, Z = O, R³ = 5-I 646 R² = Me, Z = O, R³ = 5-CN 647 R² = Me, Z = O, R³ = 5-NO₂ 648 R² = Me, Z = O, R³ = 5-OMe 649 R² = Me, Z = O, R³ = 5-OCF₃ 650 R² = Me, Z = O, R³ = 5-CF₃ 651 R² = Me, Z = O, R³ = 5-CHF₂ 652 R² = Me, Z = O, R³ = 5-CH₂F 653 R² = Me, Z = O, R³ = 5-CHO 654 R² = Me, Z = O, R³ = 5-Me 655 R² = Me, Z = O, R³ = 5-Et 656 R² = Me, Z = O, R³ = 5-Ethynyl 657 R² = Me, Z = O, R³ = 5-Ethenyl 658 R² = Me, Z = O, R³ = 5-SO₂Me 659 R² = Me, Z = O, R³ = 5-OAc 660 R² = Me, Z = O, R³ = 5-c-Pr 661 R² = Me, Z = O, R³ = 5-i-Pr 662 R² = Me, Z = O, R³ = 5-Ph 663 R² = Me, Z = O, R³ = 6-F 664 R² = Me, Z = O, R³ = 6-Cl 665 R² = Me, Z = O, R³ = 6-Br 666 R² = Me, Z = O, R³ = 6-I 667 R² = Me, Z = O, R³ = 6-CN 668 R² = Me, Z = O, R³ = 6-NO₂ 669 R² = Me, Z = O, R³ = 6-OMe 670 R² = Me, Z = O, R³ = 6-OCF₃ 671 R² = Me, Z = O, R³ = 6-CF₃ 672 R² = Me, Z = O, R³ = 6-CHF₂ 673 R² = Me, Z = O, R³ = 6-CH₂F 674 R² = Me, Z = O, R³ = 6-CHO 675 R² = Me, Z = O, R³ = 6-Me 676 R² = Me, Z = O, R³ = 6-Et 677 R² = Me, Z = O, R³ = 6-Ethynyl 678 R² = Me, Z = O, R³ = 6-Ethenyl 679 R² = Me, Z = O, R³ = 6-SO₂Me 680 R² = Me, Z = O, R³ = 6-OAc 681 R² = Me, Z = O, R³ = 6-c-Pr 682 R² = Me, Z = O, R³ = 6-i-Pr 683 R² = Me, Z = O, R³ = 6-Ph 684 R² = Me, Z = O, R³ = 3,4-di-F 685 R² = Me, Z = O, R³ = 3,5-di-F 686 R² = Me, Z = O, R³ = 3,6-di-F 687 R² = Me, Z = O, R³ = 4,5-di-F 688 R² = Me, Z = O, R³ = 3,4-di-Cl 689 R² = Me, Z = O, R³ = 3,5-di-Cl 690 R² = Me, Z = O, R³ = 3,6-di-Cl 691 R² = Me, Z = O, R³ = 4,5-di-Cl 692 R² = Me, Z = O, R³ = 3,4-di-Br 693 R² = Me, Z = O, R³ = 3,5-di-Br 694 R² = Me, Z = O, R³ = 3,6-di-Br 695 R² = Me, Z = O, R³ = 4,5-di-Br 696 R² = Me, Z = O, R³ = 3,4-di-CN 697 R² = Me, Z = O, R³ = 3,5-di-CN 698 R² = Me, Z = O, R³ = 3,6-di-CN 699 R² = Me, Z = O, R³ = 4,5-di-CN 700 R² = Me, Z = O, R³ = 3,4-di-Me 701 R² = Me, Z = O, R³ = 3,5-di-Me 702 R² = Me, Z = O, R³ = 3,6-di-Me 703 R² = Me, Z = O, R³ = 4,5-di-Me 704 R² = Me, Z = O, R³ = 3,4-di-OMe 705 R² = Me, Z = O, R³ = 3,5-di-OMe 706 R² = Me, Z = O, R³ = 3,6-di-OMe 707 R² = Me, Z = O, R³ = 4,5-di-OMe 708 R² = Me, Z = O, R³ = 3,4-di-CF₃ 709 R² = Me, Z = O, R³ = 3,5-di-CF₃ 710 R² = Me, Z = O, R³ = 3,6-di-CF₃ 711 R² = Me, Z = O, R³ = 4,5-di-CF₃ 712 R² = Me, Z = O, R³ = 3-CN, 4-Me 713 R² = Me, Z = O, R³ = 3-CN, 4-F 714 R² = Me, Z = O, R³ = 3-CN, 4-Br 715 R² = Me, Z = O, R³ = 3-CN, 4-OMe 716 R² = Me, Z = O, R³ = 3-CN, 4-CF₃ 717 R² = Me, Z = O, R³ = 3-CN, 6-Me 718 R² = Me, Z = O, R³ = 3-CN, 6-F 719 R² = Me, Z = O, R³ = 3-CN, 6-Br 720 R² = Me, Z = O, R³ = 3-CN, 6-OMe 721 R² = Me, Z = O, R³ = 3-CN, 6-CF₃ 722 R² = CN, Z = O, R³ = H (m = 0) 723 R² = CN, Z = O, R³ = 3-F 724 R² = CN, Z = O, R³ = 3-Cl 725 R² = CN, Z = O, R³ = 3-Br 726 R² = CN, Z = O, R³ = 3-I 727 R² = CN, Z = O, R³ = 3-CN 728 R² = CN, Z = O, R³ = 3-NO₂ 729 R² = CN, Z = O, R³ = 3-OMe 730 R² = CN, Z = O, R³ = 3-OCF₃ 731 R² = CN, Z = O, R³ = 3-CF₃ 732 R² = CN, Z = O, R³ = 3-CHF₂ 733 R² = CN, Z = O, R³ = 3-CH₂F 734 R² = CN, Z = O, R³ = 3-CHO 735 R² = CN, Z = O, R³ = 3-Me 736 R² = CN, Z = O, R³ = 3-Et 737 R² = CN, Z = O, R³ = 3-Ethynyl 738 R² = CN, Z = O, R³ = 3-Ethenyl 739 R² = CN, Z = O, R³ = 3-SO₂Me 740 R² = CN, Z = O, R³ = 3-OAc 741 R² = CN, Z = O, R³ = 3-c-Pr 742 R² = CN, Z = O, R³ = 3-i-Pr 743 R² = CN, Z = O, R³ = 3-Ph 744 R² = CN, Z = S, R³ = 3-F 745 R² = CN, Z = S, R³ = 3-Cl 746 R² = CN, Z = S, R³ = 3-Br 747 R² = CN, Z = S, R³ = 3-I 748 R² = CN, Z = S, R³ = 3-CN 749 R² = CN, Z = S, R³ = 3-NO₂ 750 R² = CN, Z = S, R³ = 3-OMe 751 R² = CN, Z = S, R³ = 3-OCF₃ 752 R² = CN, Z = S, R³ = 3-CF₃ 753 R² = CN, Z = S, R³ = 3-CHF₂ 754 R² = CN, Z = S, R³ = 3-CH₂F 755 R² = CN, Z = S, R³ = 3-CHO 756 R² = CN, Z = S, R³ = 3-Me 757 R² = CN, Z = S, R³ = 3-Et 758 R² = CN, Z = S, R³ = 3-Ethynyl 759 R² = CN, Z = S, R³ = 3-Ethenyl 760 R² = CN, Z = S, R³ = 3-SO₂Me 761 R² = CN, Z = S, R³ = 3-OAc 762 R² = CN, Z = S, R³ = 3-c-Pr 763 R² = CN, Z = S, R³ = 3-i-Pr 764 R² = CN, Z = S, R³ = 3-Ph 765 R² = CN, Z = O, R³ = 4-F 766 R² = CN, Z = O, R³ = 4-Cl 767 R² = CN, Z = O, R³ = 4-Br 768 R² = CN, Z = O, R³ = 4-I 769 R² = CN, Z = O, R³ = 4-CN 770 R² = CN, Z = O, R³ = 4-NO₂ 771 R² = CN, Z = O, R³ = 4-OMe 772 R² = CN, Z = O, R³ = 4-OCF₃ 773 R² = CN, Z = O, R³ = 4-CF₃ 774 R² = CN, Z = O, R³ = 4-CHF₂ 775 R² = CN, Z = O, R³ = 4-CH₂F 776 R² = CN, Z = O, R³ = 4-CHO 777 R² = CN, Z = O, R³ = 4-Me 778 R² = CN, Z = O, R³ = 4-Et 779 R² = CN, Z = O, R³ = 4-Ethynyl 780 R² = CN, Z = O, R³ = 4-Ethenyl 781 R² = CN, Z = O, R³ = 4-SO₂Me 782 R² = CN, Z = O, R³ = 4-OAc 783 R² = CN, Z = O, R³ = 4-c-Pr 784 R² = CN, Z = O, R³ = 4-i-Pr 785 R² = CN, Z = O, R³ = 4-Ph 786 R² = CN, Z = O, R³ = 5-F 787 R² = CN, Z = O, R³ = 5-Cl 788 R² = CN, Z = O, R³ = 5-Br 789 R² = CN, Z = O, R³ = 5-I 790 R² = CN, Z = O, R³ = 5-CN 791 R² = CN, Z = O, R³ = 5-NO₂ 792 R² = CN, Z = O, R³ = 5-OMe 793 R² = CN, Z = O, R³ = 5-OCF₃ 794 R² = CN, Z = O, R³ = 5-CF₃ 795 R² = CN, Z = O, R³ = 5-CHF₂ 796 R² = CN, Z = O, R³ = 5-CH₂F 797 R² = CN, Z = O, R³ = 5-CHO 798 R² = CN, Z = O, R³ = 5-Me 799 R² = CN, Z = O, R³ = 5-Et 800 R² = CN, Z = O, R³ = 5-Ethynyl 801 R² = CN, Z = O, R³ = 5-Ethenyl 802 R² = CN, Z = O, R³ = 5-SO₂Me 803 R² = CN, Z = O, R³ = 5-OAc 804 R² = CN, Z = O, R³ = 5-c-Pr 805 R² = CN, Z = O, R³ = 5-i-Pr 806 R² = CN, Z = O, R³ = 5-Ph 807 R² = CN, Z = O, R³ = 6-F 808 R² = CN, Z = O, R³ = 6-Cl 809 R² = CN, Z = O, R³ = 6-Br 810 R² = CN, Z = O, R³ = 6-I 811 R² = CN, Z = O, R³ = 6-CN 812 R² = CN, Z = O, R³ = 6-NO₂ 813 R² = CN, Z = O, R³ = 6-OMe 814 R² = CN, Z = O, R³ = 6-OCF₃ 815 R² = CN, Z = O, R³ = 6-CF₃ 816 R² = CN, Z = O, R³ = 6-CHF₂ 817 R² = CN, Z = O, R³ = 6-CH₂F 818 R² = CN, Z = O, R³ = 6-CHO 819 R² = CN, Z = O, R³ = 6-Me 820 R² = CN, Z = O, R³ = 6-Et 821 R² = CN, Z = O, R³ = 6-Ethynyl 822 R² = CN, Z = O, R³ = 6-Ethenyl 823 R² = CN, Z = O, R³ = 6-SO₂Me 824 R² = CN, Z = O, R³ = 6-OAc 825 R² = CN, Z = O, R³ = 6-c-Pr 826 R² = CN, Z = O, R³ = 6-i-Pr 827 R² = CN, Z = O, R³ = 6-Ph 828 R² = CN, Z = O, R³ = 3,4-di-F 829 R² = CN, Z = O, R³ = 3,5-di-F 830 R² = CN, Z = O, R³ = 3,6-di-F 831 R² = CN, Z = O, R³ = 4,5-di-F 832 R² = CN, Z = O, R³ = 3,4-di-Cl 833 R² = CN, Z = O, R³ = 3,5-di-Cl 834 R² = CN, Z = O, R³ = 3,6-di-Cl 835 R² = CN, Z = O, R³ = 4,5-di-Cl 836 R² = CN, Z = O, R³ = 3,4-di-Br 837 R² = CN, Z = O, R³ = 3,5-di-Br 838 R² = CN, Z = O, R³ = 3,6-di-Br 839 R² = CN, Z = O, R³ = 4,5-di-Br 840 R² = CN, Z = O, R³ = 3,4-di-CN 841 R² = CN, Z = O, R³ = 3,5-di-CN 842 R² = CN, Z = O, R³ = 3,6-di-CN 843 R² = CN, Z = O, R³ = 4,5-di-CN 844 R² = CN, Z = O, R³ = 3,4-di-Me 845 R² = CN, Z = O, R³ = 3,5-di-Me 846 R² = CN, Z = O, R³ = 3,6-di-Me 847 R² = CN, Z = O, R³ = 4,5-di-Me 848 R² = CN, Z = O, R³ = 3,4-di-OMe 849 R² = CN, Z = O, R³ = 3,5-di-OMe 850 R² = CN, Z = O, R³ = 3,6-di-OMe 851 R² = CN, Z = O, R³ = 4,5-di-OMe 852 R² = CN, Z = O, R³ = 3,4-di-CF₃ 853 R² = CN, Z = O, R³ = 3,5-di-CF₃ 854 R² = CN, Z = O, R³ = 3,6-di-CF₃ 855 R² = CN, Z = O, R³ = 4,5-di-CF₃ 856 R² = CN, Z = O, R³ = 3-CN, 4-Me 857 R² = CN, Z = O, R³ = 3-CN, 4-F 858 R² = CN, Z = O, R³ = 3-CN, 4-Br 859 R² = CN, Z = O, R³ = 3-CN, 4-OMe 860 R² = CN, Z = O, R³ = 3-CN, 4-CF₃ 861 R² = CN, Z = O, R³ = 3-CN, 6-Me 862 R² = CN, Z = O, R³ = 3-CN, 6-F 863 R² = CN, Z = O, R³ = 3-CN, 6-Br 864 R² = CN, Z = O, R³ = 3-CN, 6-OMe 865 R² = CN, Z = O, R³ = 3-CN, 6-CF₃ 866 R² = NO₂, Z = O, R³ = H (m = 0) 867 R² = NO₂, Z = O, R³ = 3-F 868 R² = NO₂, Z = O, R³ = 3-Cl 869 R² = NO₂, Z = O, R³ = 3-Br 870 R² = NO₂, Z = O, R³ = 3-I 871 R² = NO₂, Z = O, R³ = 3-CN 872 R² = NO₂, Z = O, R³ = 3-NO₂ 873 R² = NO₂, Z = O, R³ = 3-OMe 874 R² = NO₂, Z = O, R³ = 3-OCF₃ 875 R² = NO₂, Z = O, R³ = 3-CF₃ 876 R² = NO₂, Z = O, R³ = 3-CHF₂ 877 R² = NO₂, Z = O, R³ = 3-CH₂F 878 R² = NO₂, Z = O, R³ = 3-CHO 879 R² = NO₂, Z = O, R³ = 3-Me 880 R² = NO₂, Z = O, R³ = 3-Et 881 R² = NO₂, Z = O, R³ = 3-Ethynyl 882 R² = NO₂, Z = O, R³ = 3-Ethenyl 883 R² = NO₂, Z = O, R³ = 3-SO₂Me 884 R² = NO₂, Z = O, R³ = 3-OAc 885 R² = NO₂, Z = O, R³ = 3-c-Pr 886 R² = NO₂, Z = O, R³ = 3-i-Pr 887 R² = NO₂, Z = O, R³ = 3-Ph 888 R² = NO₂, Z = S, R³ = 3-F 889 R² = NO₂, Z = S, R³ = 3-Cl 890 R² = NO₂, Z = S, R³ = 3-Br 891 R² = NO₂, Z = S, R³ = 3-I 892 R² = NO₂, Z = S, R³ = 3-CN 893 R² = NO₂, Z = S, R³ = 3-NO₂ 894 R² = NO₂, Z = S, R³ = 3-OMe 895 R² = NO₂, Z = S, R³ = 3-OCF₃ 896 R² = NO₂, Z = S, R³ = 3-CF₃ 897 R² = NO₂, Z = S, R³ = 3-CHF₂ 898 R² = NO₂, Z = S, R³ = 3-CH₂F 899 R² = NO₂, Z = S, R³ = 3-CHO 900 R² = NO₂, Z = S, R³ = 3-Me 901 R² = NO₂, Z = S, R³ = 3-Et 902 R² = NO₂, Z = S, R³ = 3-Ethynyl 903 R² = NO₂, Z = S, R³ = 3-Ethenyl 904 R² = NO₂, Z = S, R³ = 3-SO₂Me 905 R² = NO₂, Z = S, R³ = 3-OAc 906 R² = NO₂, Z = S, R³ = 3-c-Pr 907 R² = NO₂, Z = S, R³ = 3-i-Pr 908 R² = NO₂, Z = S, R³ = 3-Ph 909 R² = NO₂, Z = O, R³ = 4-F 910 R² = NO₂, Z = O, R³ = 4-Cl 911 R² = NO₂, Z = O, R³ = 4-Br 912 R² = NO₂, Z = O, R³ = 4-I 913 R² = NO₂, Z = O, R³ = 4-CN 914 R² = NO₂, Z = O, R³ = 4-NO₂ 915 R² = NO₂, Z = O, R³ = 4-OMe 916 R² = NO₂, Z = O, R³ = 4-OCF₃ 917 R² = NO₂, Z = O, R³ = 4-CF₃ 918 R² = NO₂, Z = O, R³ = 4-CHF₂ 919 R² = NO₂, Z = O, R³ = 4-CH₂F 920 R² = NO₂, Z = O, R³ = 4-CHO 921 R² = NO₂, Z = O, R³ = 4-Me 922 R² = NO₂, Z = O, R³ = 4-Et 923 R² = NO₂, Z = O, R³ = 4-Ethynyl 924 R² = NO₂, Z = O, R³ = 4-Ethenyl 925 R² = NO₂, Z = O, R³ = 4-SO₂Me 926 R² = NO₂, Z = O, R³ = 4-OAc 927 R² = NO₂, Z = O, R³ = 4-c-Pr 928 R² = NO₂, Z = O, R³ = 4-i-Pr 929 R² = NO₂, Z = O, R³ = 4-Ph 930 R² = NO₂, Z = O, R³ = 5-F 931 R² = NO₂, Z = O, R³ = 5-Cl 932 R² = NO₂, Z = O, R³ = 5-Br 933 R² = NO₂, Z = O, R³ = 5-I 934 R² = NO₂, Z = O, R³ = 5-CN 935 R² = NO₂, Z = O, R³ = 5-NO₂ 936 R² = NO₂, Z = O, R³ = 5-OMe 937 R² = NO₂, Z = O, R³ = 5-OCF₃ 938 R² = NO₂, Z = O, R³ = 5-CF₃ 939 R² = NO₂, Z = O, R³ = 5-CHF₂ 940 R² = NO₂, Z = O, R³ = 5-CH₂F 941 R² = NO₂, Z = O, R³ = 5-CHO 942 R² = NO₂, Z = O, R³ = 5-Me 943 R² = NO₂, Z = O, R³ = 5-Et 944 R² = NO₂, Z = O, R³ = 5-Ethynyl 945 R² = NO₂, Z = O, R³ = 5-Ethenyl 946 R² = NO₂, Z = O, R³ = 5-SO₂Me 947 R² = NO₂, Z = O, R³ = 5-OAc 948 R² = NO₂, Z = O, R³ = 5-c-Pr 949 R² = NO₂, Z = O, R³ = 5-i-Pr 950 R² = NO₂, Z = O, R³ = 5-Ph 951 R² = NO₂, Z = O, R³ = 6-F 952 R² = NO₂, Z = O, R³ = 6-Cl 953 R² = NO₂, Z = O, R³ = 6-Br 954 R² = NO₂, Z = O, R³ = 6-I 955 R² = NO₂, Z = O, R³ = 6-CN 956 R² = NO₂, Z = O, R³ = 6-NO₂ 957 R² = NO₂, Z = O, R³ = 6-OMe 958 R² = NO₂, Z = O, R³ = 6-OCF₃ 959 R² = NO₂, Z = O, R³ = 6-CF₃ 960 R² = NO₂, Z = O, R³ = 6-CHF₂ 961 R² = NO₂, Z = O, R³ = 6-CH₂F 962 R² = NO₂, Z = O, R³ = 6-CHO 963 R² = NO₂, Z = O, R³ = 6-Me 964 R² = NO₂, Z = O, R³ = 6-Et 965 R² = NO₂, Z = O, R³ = 6-Ethynyl 966 R² = NO₂, Z = O, R³ = 6-Ethenyl 967 R² = NO₂, Z = O, R³ = 6-SO₂Me 968 R² = NO₂, Z = O, R³ = 6-OAc 969 R² = NO₂, Z = O, R³ = 6-c-Pr 970 R² = NO₂, Z = O, R³ = 6-i-Pr 971 R² = NO₂, Z = O, R³ = 6-Ph 972 R² = NO₂, Z = O, R³ = 3,4-di-F 973 R² = NO₂, Z = O, R³ = 3,5-di-F 974 R² = NO₂, Z = O, R³ = 3,6-di-F 975 R² = NO₂, Z = O, R³ = 4,5-di-F 976 R² = NO₂, Z = O, R³ = 3,4-di-Cl 977 R² = NO₂, Z = O, R³ = 3,5-di-Cl 978 R² = NO₂, Z = O, R³ = 3,6-di-Cl 979 R² = NO₂, Z = O, R³ = 4,5-di-Cl 980 R² = NO₂, Z = O, R³ = 3,4-di-Br 981 R² = NO₂, Z = O, R³ = 3,5-di-Br 982 R² = NO₂, Z = O, R³ = 3,6-di-Br 983 R² = NO₂, Z = O, R³ = 4,5-di-Br 984 R² = NO₂, Z = O, R³ = 3,4-di-CN 985 R² = NO₂, Z = O, R³ = 3,5-di-CN 986 R² = NO₂, Z = O, R³ = 3,6-di-CN 987 R² = NO₂, Z = O, R³ = 4,5-di-CN 988 R² = NO₂, Z = O, R³ = 3,4-di-Me 989 R² = NO₂, Z = O, R³ = 3,5-di-Me 990 R² = NO₂, Z = O, R³ = 3,6-di-Me 991 R² = NO₂, Z = O, R³ = 4,5-di-Me 992 R² = NO₂, Z = O, R³ = 3,4-di-OMe 993 R² = NO₂, Z = O, R³ = 3,5-di-OMe 994 R² = NO₂, Z = O, R³ = 3,6-di-OMe 995 R² = NO₂, Z = O, R³ = 4,5-di-OMe 996 R² = NO₂, Z = O, R³ = 3,4-di-CF₃ 997 R² = NO₂, Z = O, R³ = 3,5-di-CF₃ 998 R² = NO₂, Z = O, R³ = 3,6-di-CF₃ 999 R² = NO₂, Z = O, R³ = 4,5-di-CF₃ 1000 R² = NO₂, Z = O, R³ = 3-CN, 4-Me 1001 R² = NO₂, Z = O, R³ = 3-CN, 4-F 1002 R² = NO₂, Z = O, R³ = 3-CN, 4-Br 1003 R² = NO₂, Z = O, R³ = 3-CN, 4-OMe 1004 R² = NO₂, Z = O, R³ = 3-CN, 4-CF₃ 1005 R² = NO₂, Z = O, R³ = 3-CN, 6-Me 1006 R² = NO₂, Z = O, R³ = 3-CN, 6-F 1007 R² = NO₂, Z = O, R³ = 3-CN, 6-Br 1008 R² = NO₂, Z = O, R³ = 3-CN, 6-OMe 1009 R² = NO₂, Z = O, R³ = 3-CN, 6-CF₃ 1010 R² = OMe, Z = O, R³ = H (m = 0) 1011 R² = OMe, Z = O, R³ = 3-F 1012 R² = OMe, Z = O, R³ = 3-Cl 1013 R² = OMe, Z = O, R³ = 3-Br 1014 R² = OMe, Z = O, R³ = 3-I 1015 R² = OMe, Z = O, R³ = 3-CN 1016 R² = OMe, Z = O, R³ = 3-NO₂ 1017 R² = OMe, Z = O, R³ = 3-OMe 1018 R² = OMe, Z = O, R³ = 3-OCF₃ 1019 R² = OMe, Z = O, R³ = 3-CF₃ 1020 R² = OMe, Z = O, R³ = 3-CHF₂ 1021 R² = OMe, Z = O, R³ = 3-CH₂F 1022 R² = OMe, Z = O, R³ = 3-CHO 1023 R² = OMe, Z = O, R³ = 3-Me 1024 R² = OMe, Z = O, R³ = 3-Et 1025 R² = OMe, Z = O, R³ = 3-Ethynyl 1026 R² = OMe, Z = O, R³ = 3-Ethenyl 1027 R² = OMe, Z = O, R³ = 3-SO₂Me 1028 R² = OMe, Z = O, R³ = 3-OAc 1029 R² = OMe, Z = O, R³ = 3-c-Pr 1030 R² = OMe, Z = O, R³ = 3-i-Pr 1031 R² = OMe, Z = O, R³ = 3-Ph 1032 R² = OMe, Z = S, R³ = 3-F 1033 R² = OMe, Z = S, R³ = 3-Cl 1034 R² = OMe, Z = S, R³ = 3-Br 1035 R² = OMe, Z = S, R³ = 3-I 1036 R² = OMe, Z = S, R³ = 3-CN 1037 R² = OMe, Z = S, R³ = 3-NO₂ 1038 R² = OMe, Z = S, R³ = 3-OMe 1039 R² = OMe, Z = S, R³ = 3-OCF₃ 1040 R² = OMe, Z = S, R³ = 3-CF₃ 1041 R² = OMe, Z = S, R³ = 3-CHF₂ 1042 R² = OMe, Z = S, R³ = 3-CH₂F 1043 R² = OMe, Z = S, R³ = 3-CHO 1044 R² = OMe, Z = S, R³ = 3-Me 1045 R² = OMe, Z = S, R³ = 3-Et 1046 R² = OMe, Z = S, R³ = 3-Ethynyl 1047 R² = OMe, Z = S, R³ = 3-Ethenyl 1048 R² = OMe, Z = S, R³ = 3-SO₂Me 1049 R² = OMe, Z = S, R³ = 3-OAc 1050 R² = OMe, Z = S, R³ = 3-c-Pr 1051 R² = OMe, Z = S, R³ = 3-i-Pr 1052 R² = OMe, Z = S, R³ = 3-Ph 1053 R² = OMe, Z = O, R³ = 4-F 1054 R² = OMe, Z = O, R³ = 4-Cl 1055 R² = OMe, Z = O, R³ = 4-Br 1056 R² = OMe, Z = O, R³ = 4-I 1057 R² = OMe, Z = O, R³ = 4-CN 1058 R² = OMe, Z = O, R³ = 4-NO₂ 1059 R² = OMe, Z = O, R³ = 4-OMe 1060 R² = OMe, Z = O, R³ = 4-OCF₃ 1061 R² = OMe, Z = O, R³ = 4-CF₃ 1062 R² = OMe, Z = O, R³ = 4-CHF₂ 1063 R² = OMe, Z = O, R³ = 4-CH₂F 1064 R² = OMe, Z = O, R³ = 4-CHO 1065 R² = OMe, Z = O, R³ = 4-Me 1066 R² = OMe, Z = O, R³ = 4-Et 1067 R² = OMe, Z = O, R³ = 4-Ethynyl 1068 R² = OMe, Z = O, R³ = 4-Ethenyl 1069 R² = OMe, Z = O, R³ = 4-SO₂Me 1070 R² = OMe, Z = O, R³ = 4-OAc 1071 R² = OMe, Z = O, R³ = 4-c-Pr 1072 R² = OMe, Z = O, R³ = 4-i-Pr 1073 R² = OMe, Z = O, R³ = 4-Ph 1074 R² = OMe, Z = O, R³ = 5-F 1075 R² = OMe, Z = O, R³ = 5-Cl 1076 R² = OMe, Z = O, R³ = 5-Br 1077 R² = OMe, Z = O, R³ = 5-I 1078 R² = OMe, Z = O, R³ = 5-CN 1079 R² = OMe, Z = O, R³ = 5-NO₂ 1080 R² = OMe, Z = O, R³ = 5-OMe 1081 R² = OMe, Z = O, R³ = 5-OCF₃ 1082 R² = OMe, Z = O, R³ = 5-CF₃ 1083 R² = OMe, Z = O, R³ = 5-CHF₂ 1084 R² = OMe, Z = O, R³ = 5-CH₂F 1085 R² = OMe, Z = O, R³ = 5-CHO 1086 R² = OMe, Z = O, R³ = 5-Me 1087 R² = OMe, Z = O, R³ = 5-Et 1088 R² = OMe, Z = O, R³ = 5-Ethynyl 1089 R² = OMe, Z = O, R³ = 5-Ethenyl 1090 R² = OMe, Z = O, R³ = 5-SO₂Me 1091 R² = OMe, Z = O, R³ = 5-OAc 1092 R² = OMe, Z = O, R³ = 5-c-Pr 1093 R² = OMe, Z = O, R³ = 5-i-Pr 1094 R² = OMe, Z = O, R³ = 5-Ph 1095 R² = OMe, Z = O, R³ = 6-F 1096 R² = OMe, Z = O, R³ = 6-Cl 1097 R² = OMe, Z = O, R³ = 6-Br 1098 R² = OMe, Z = O, R³ = 6-I 1099 R² = OMe, Z = O, R³ = 6-CN 1100 R² = OMe, Z = O, R³ = 6-NO₂ 1101 R² = OMe, Z = O, R³ = 6-OMe 1102 R² = OMe, Z = O, R³ = 6-OCF₃ 1103 R² = OMe, Z = O, R³ = 6-CF₃ 1104 R² = OMe, Z = O, R³ = 6-CHF₂ 1105 R² = OMe, Z = O, R³ = 6-CH₂F 1106 R² = OMe, Z = O, R³ = 6-CHO 1107 R² = OMe, Z = O, R³ = 6-Me 1108 R² = OMe, Z = O, R³ = 6-Et 1109 R² = OMe, Z = O, R³ = 6-Ethynyl 1110 R² = OMe, Z = O, R³ = 6-Ethenyl 1111 R² = OMe, Z = O, R³ = 6-SO₂Me 1112 R² = OMe, Z = O, R³ = 6-OAc 1113 R² = OMe, Z = O, R³ = 6-c-Pr 1114 R² = OMe, Z = O, R³ = 6-i-Pr 1115 R² = OMe, Z = O, R³ = 6-Ph 1116 R² = OMe, Z = O, R³ = 3,4-di-F 1117 R² = OMe, Z = O, R³ = 3,5-di-F 1118 R² = OMe, Z = O, R³ = 3,6-di-F 1119 R² = OMe, Z = O, R³ = 4,5-di-F 1120 R² = OMe, Z = O, R³ = 3,4-di-Cl 1121 R² = OMe, Z = O, R³ = 3,5-di-Cl 1122 R² = OMe, Z = O, R³ = 3,6-di-Cl 1123 R² = OMe, Z = O, R³ = 4,5-di-Cl 1124 R² = OMe, Z = O, R³ = 3,4-di-Br 1125 R² = OMe, Z = O, R³ = 3,5-di-Br 1126 R² = OMe, Z = O, R³ = 3,6-di-Br 1127 R² = OMe, Z = O, R³ = 4,5-di-Br 1128 R² = OMe, Z = O, R³ = 3,4-di-CN 1129 R² = OMe, Z = O, R³ = 3,5-di-CN 1130 R² = OMe, Z = O, R³ = 3,6-di-CN 1131 R² = OMe, Z = O, R³ = 4,5-di-CN 1132 R² = OMe, Z = O, R³ = 3,4-di-Me 1133 R² = OMe, Z = O, R³ = 3,5-di-Me 1134 R² = OMe, Z = O, R³ = 3,6-di-Me 1135 R² = OMe, Z = O, R³ = 4,5-di-Me 1136 R² = OMe, Z = O, R³ = 3,4-di-OMe 1137 R² = OMe, Z = O, R³ = 3,5-di-OMe 1138 R² = OMe, Z = O, R³ = 3,6-di-OMe 1139 R² = OMe, Z = O, R³ = 4,5-di-OMe 1140 R² = OMe, Z = O, R³ = 3,4-di-CF₃ 1141 R² = OMe, Z = O, R³ = 3,5-di-CF₃ 1142 R² = OMe, Z = O, R³ = 3,6-di-CF₃ 1143 R² = OMe, Z = O, R³ = 4,5-di-CF₃ 1144 R² = OMe, Z = O, R³ = 3-CN, 4-Me 1145 R² = OMe, Z = O, R³ = 3-CN, 4-F 1146 R² = OMe, Z = O, R³ = 3-CN, 4-Br 1147 R² = OMe, Z = O, R³ = 3-CN, 4-OMe 1148 R² = OMe, Z = O, R³ = 3-CN, 4-CF₃ 1149 R² = OMe, Z = O, R³ = 3-CN, 6-Me 1150 R² = OMe, Z = O, R³ = 3-CN, 6-F 1151 R² = OMe, Z = O, R³ = 3-CN, 6-Br 1152 R² = OMe, Z = O, R³ = 3-CN, 6-OMe 1153 R² = OMe, Z = O, R³ = 3-CN, 6-CF₃ 1154 R² = CF₃, Z = O, R³ = H (m = 0) 1155 R² = CF₃, Z = O, R³ = 3-F 1156 R² = CF₃, Z = O, R³ = 3-Cl 1157 R² = CF₃, Z = O, R³ = 3-Br 1158 R² = CF₃, Z = O, R³ = 3-I 1159 R² = CF₃, Z = O, R³ = 3-CN 1160 R² = CF₃, Z = O, R³ = 3-NO₂ 1161 R² = CF₃, Z = O, R³ = 3-OMe 1162 R² = CF₃, Z = O, R³ = 3-OCF₃ 1163 R² = CF₃, Z = O, R³ = 3-CF₃ 1164 R² = CF₃, Z = O, R³ = 3-CHF₂ 1165 R² = CF₃, Z = O, R³ = 3-CH₂F 1166 R² = CF₃, Z = O, R³ = 3-CHO 1167 R² = CF₃, Z = O, R³ = 3-Me 1168 R² = CF₃, Z = O, R³ = 3-Et 1169 R² = CF₃, Z = O, R³ = 3-Ethynyl 1170 R² = CF₃, Z = O, R³ = 3-Ethenyl 1171 R² = CF₃, Z = O, R³ = 3-SO₂Me 1172 R² = CF₃, Z = O, R³ = 3-OAc 1173 R² = CF₃, Z = O, R³ = 3-c-Pr 1174 R² = CF₃, Z = O, R³ = 3-i-Pr 1175 R² = CF₃, Z = O, R³ = 3-Ph 1176 R² = CF₃, Z = S, R³ = 3-F 1177 R² = CF₃, Z = S, R³ = 3-Cl 1178 R² = CF₃, Z = S, R³ = 3-Br 1179 R² = CF₃, Z = S, R³ = 3-I 1180 R² = CF₃, Z = S, R³ = 3-CN 1181 R² = CF₃, Z = S, R³ = 3-NO₂ 1182 R² = CF₃, Z = S, R³ = 3-OMe 1183 R² = CF₃, Z = S, R³ = 3-OCF₃ 1184 R² = CF₃, Z = S, R³ = 3-CF₃ 1185 R² = CF₃, Z = S, R³ = 3-CHF₂ 1186 R² = CF₃, Z = S, R³ = 3-CH₂F 1187 R² = CF₃, Z = S, R³ = 3-CHO 1188 R² = CF₃, Z = S, R³ = 3-Me 1189 R² = CF₃, Z = S, R³ = 3-Et 1190 R² = CF₃, Z = S, R³ = 3-Ethynyl 1191 R² = CF₃, Z = S, R³ = 3-Ethenyl 1192 R² = CF₃, Z = S, R³ = 3-SO₂Me 1193 R² = CF₃, Z = S, R³ = 3-OAc 1194 R² = CF₃, Z = S, R³ = 3-c-Pr 1195 R² = CF₃, Z = S, R³ = 3-i-Pr 1196 R² = CF₃, Z = S, R³ = 3-Ph 1197 R² = CF₃, Z = O, R³ = 4-F 1198 R² = CF₃, Z = O, R³ = 4-Cl 1199 R² = CF₃, Z = O, R³ = 4-Br 1200 R² = CF₃, Z = O, R³ = 4-I 1201 R² = CF₃, Z = O, R³ = 4-CN 1202 R² = CF₃, Z = O, R³ = 4-NO₂ 1203 R² = CF₃, Z = O, R³ = 4-OMe 1204 R² = CF₃, Z = O, R³ = 4-OCF₃ 1205 R² = CF₃, Z = O, R³ = 4-CF₃ 1206 R² = CF₃, Z = O, R³ = 4-CHF₂ 1207 R² = CF₃, Z = O, R³ = 4-CH₂F 1208 R² = CF₃, Z = O, R³ = 4-CHO 1209 R² = CF₃, Z = O, R³ = 4-Me 1210 R² = CF₃, Z = O, R³ = 4-Et 1211 R² = CF₃, Z = O, R³ = 4-Ethynyl 1212 R² = CF₃, Z = O, R³ = 4-Ethenyl 1213 R² = CF₃, Z = O, R³ = 4-SO₂Me 1214 R² = CF₃, Z = O, R³ = 4-OAc 1215 R² = CF₃, Z = O, R³ = 4-c-Pr 1216 R² = CF₃, Z = O, R³ = 4-i-Pr 1217 R² = CF₃, Z = O, R³ = 4-Ph 1218 R² = CF₃, Z = O, R³ = 5-F 1219 R² = CF₃, Z = O, R³ = 5-Cl 1220 R² = CF₃, Z = O, R³ = 5-Br 1221 R² = CF₃, Z = O, R³ = 5-I 1222 R² = CF₃, Z = O, R³ = 5-CN 1223 R² = CF₃, Z = O, R³ = 5-NO₂ 1224 R² = CF₃, Z = O, R³ = 5-OMe 1225 R² = CF₃, Z = O, R³ = 5-OCF₃ 1226 R² = CF₃, Z = O, R³ = 5-CF₃ 1227 R² = CF₃, Z = O, R³ = 5-CHF₂ 1228 R² = CF₃, Z = O, R³ = 5-CH₂F 1229 R² = CF₃, Z = O, R³ = 5-CHO 1230 R² = CF₃, Z = O, R³ = 5-Me 1231 R² = CF₃, Z = O, R³ = 5-Et 1232 R² = CF₃, Z = O, R³ = 5-Ethynyl 1233 R² = CF₃, Z = O, R³ = 5-Ethenyl 1234 R² = CF₃, Z = O, R³ = 5-SO₂Me 1235 R² = CF₃, Z = O, R³ = 5-OAc 1236 R² = CF₃, Z = O, R³ = 5-c-Pr 1237 R² = CF₃, Z = O, R³ = 5-i-Pr 1238 R² = CF₃, Z = O, R³ = 5-Ph 1239 R² = CF₃, Z = O, R³ = 6-F 1240 R² = CF₃, Z = O, R³ = 6-Cl 1241 R² = CF₃, Z = O, R³ = 6-Br 1242 R² = CF₃, Z = O, R³ = 6-I 1243 R² = CF₃, Z = O, R³ = 6-CN 1244 R² = CF₃, Z = O, R³ = 6-NO₂ 1245 R² = CF₃, Z = O, R³ = 6-OMe 1246 R² = CF₃, Z = O, R³ = 6-OCF₃ 1247 R² = CF₃, Z = O, R³ = 6-CF₃ 1248 R² = CF₃, Z = O, R³ = 6-CHF₂ 1249 R² = CF₃, Z = O, R³ = 6-CH₂F 1250 R² = CF₃, Z = O, R³ = 6-CHO 1251 R² = CF₃, Z = O, R³ = 6-Me 1252 R² = CF₃, Z = O, R³ = 6-Et 1253 R² = CF₃, Z = O, R³ = 6-Ethynyl 1254 R² = CF₃, Z = O, R³ = 6-Ethenyl 1255 R² = CF₃, Z = O, R³ = 6-SO₂Me 1256 R² = CF₃, Z = O, R³ = 6-OAc 1257 R² = CF₃, Z = O, R³ = 6-c-Pr 1258 R² = CF₃, Z = O, R³ = 6-i-Pr 1259 R² = CF₃, Z = O, R³ = 6-Ph 1260 R² = CF₃, Z = O, R³ = 3,4-di-F 1261 R² = CF₃, Z = O, R³ = 3,5-di-F 1262 R² = CF₃, Z = O, R³ = 3,6-di-F 1263 R² = CF₃, Z = O, R³ = 4,5-di-F 1264 R² = CF₃, Z = O, R³ = 3,4-di-Cl 1265 R² = CF₃, Z = O, R³ = 3,5-di-Cl 1266 R² = CF₃, Z = O, R³ = 3,6-di-Cl 1267 R² = CF₃, Z = O, R³ = 4,5-di-Cl 1268 R² = CF₃, Z = O, R³ = 3,4-di-Br 1269 R² = CF₃, Z = O, R³ = 3,5-di-Br 1270 R² = CF₃, Z = O, R³ = 3,6-di-Br 1271 R² = CF₃, Z = O, R³ = 4,5-di-Br 1272 R² = CF₃, Z = O, R³ = 3,4-di-CN 1273 R² = CF₃, Z = O, R³ = 3,5-di-CN 1274 R² = CF₃, Z = O, R³ = 3,6-di-CN 1275 R² = CF₃, Z = O, R³ = 4,5-di-CN 1276 R² = CF₃, Z = O, R³ = 3,4-di-Me 1277 R² = CF₃, Z = O, R³ = 3,5-di-Me 1278 R² = CF₃, Z = O, R³ = 3,6-di-Me 1279 R² = CF₃, Z = O, R³ = 4,5-di-Me 1280 R² = CF₃, Z = O, R³ = 3,4-di-OMe 1281 R² = CF₃, Z = O, R³ = 3,5-di-OMe 1282 R² = CF₃, Z = O, R³ = 3,6-di-OMe 1283 R² = CF₃, Z = O, R³ = 4,5-di-OMe 1284 R² = CF₃, Z = O, R³ = 3,4-di-CF₃ 1285 R² = CF₃, Z = O, R³ = 3,5-di-CF₃ 1286 R² = CF₃, Z = O, R³ = 3,6-di-CF₃ 1287 R² = CF₃, Z = O, R³ = 4,5-di-CF₃ 1288 R² = CF₃, Z = O, R³ = 3-CN, 4-Me 1289 R² = CF₃, Z = O, R³ = 3-CN, 4-F 1290 R² = CF₃, Z = O, R³ = 3-CN, 4-Br 1291 R² = CF₃, Z = O, R³ = 3-CN, 4-OMe 1292 R² = CF₃, Z = O, R³ = 3-CN, 4-CF₃ 1293 R² = CF₃, Z = O, R³ = 3-CN, 6-Me 1294 R² = CF₃, Z = O, R³ = 3-CN, 6-F 1295 R² = CF₃, Z = O, R³ = 3-CN, 6-Br 1296 R² = CF₃, Z = O, R³ = 3-CN, 6-OMe 1297 R² = CF₃, Z = O, R³ = 3-CN, 6-CF₃ 1298 R² = CHF₂, Z = O, R³ = H (m = 0) 1299 R² = CHF₂, Z = O, R³ = 3-F 1300 R² = CHF₂, Z = O, R³ = 3-Cl 1301 R² = CHF₂, Z = O, R³ = 3-Br 1302 R² = CHF₂, Z = O, R³ = 3-I 1303 R² = CHF₂, Z = O, R³ = 3-CN 1304 R² = CHF₂, Z = O, R³ = 3-NO₂ 1305 R² = CHF₂, Z = O, R³ = 3-OMe 1306 R² = CHF₂, Z = O, R³ = 3-OCF₃ 1307 R² = CHF₂, Z = O, R³ = 3-CF₃ 1308 R² = CHF₂, Z = O, R³ = 3-CHF₂ 1309 R² = CHF₂, Z = O, R³ = 3-CH₂F 1310 R² = CHF₂, Z = O, R³ = 3-CHO 1311 R² = CHF₂, Z = O, R³ = 3-Me 1312 R² = CHF₂, Z = O, R³ = 3-Et 1313 R² = CHF₂, Z = O, R³ = 3-Ethynyl 1314 R² = CHF₂, Z = O, R³ = 3-Ethenyl 1315 R² = CHF₂, Z = O, R³ = 3-SO₂Me 1316 R² = CHF₂, Z = O, R³ = 3-OAc 1317 R² = CHF₂, Z = O, R³ = 3-c-Pr 1318 R² = CHF₂, Z = O, R³ = 3-i-Pr 1319 R² = CHF₂, Z = O, R³ = 3-Ph 1320 R² = CHF₂, Z = S, R³ = 3-F 1321 R² = CHF₂, Z = S, R³ = 3-Cl 1322 R² = CHF₂, Z = S, R³ = 3-Br 1323 R² = CHF₂, Z = S, R³ = 3-I 1324 R² = CHF₂, Z = S, R³ = 3-CN 1325 R² = CHF₂, Z = S, R³ = 3-NO₂ 1326 R² = CHF₂, Z = S, R³ = 3-OMe 1327 R² = CHF₂, Z = S, R³ = 3-OCF₃ 1328 R² = CHF₂, Z = S, R³ = 3-CHF₂ 1329 R² = CHF₂, Z = S, R³ = 3-CH₂F 1330 R² = CHF₂, Z = S, R³ = 3-CHO 1331 R² = CHF₂, Z = S, R³ = 3-Me 1332 R² = CHF₂, Z = S, R³ = 3-Et 1333 R² = CHF₂, Z = S, R³ = 3-Ethynyl 1334 R² = CHF₂, Z = S, R³ = 3-Ethenyl 1335 R² = CHF₂, Z = S, R³ = 3-SO₂Me 1336 R² = CHF₂, Z = S, R³ = 3-OAc 1337 R² = CHF₂, Z = S, R³ = 3-c-Pr 1338 R² = CHF₂, Z = S, R³ = 3-i-Pr 1339 R² = CHF₂, Z = S, R³ = 3-Ph 1340 R² = CHF₂, Z = O, R³ = 4-F 1341 R² = CHF₂, Z = O, R³ = 4-Cl 1342 R² = CHF₂, Z = O, R³ = 4-Br 1343 R² = CHF₂, Z = O, R³ = 4-I 1344 R² = CHF₂, Z = O, R³ = 4-CN 1345 R² = CHF₂, Z = O, R³ = 4-NO₂ 1346 R² = CHF₂, Z = O, R³ = 4-OMe 1347 R² = CHF₂, Z = O, R³ = 4-OCF₃ 1348 R² = CHF₂, Z = O, R³ = 4-CF₃ 1349 R² = CHF₂, Z = O, R³ = 4-CHF₂ 1350 R² = CHF₂, Z = O, R³ = 4-CH₂F 1351 R² = CHF₂, Z = O, R³ = 4-CHO 1352 R² = CHF₂, Z = O, R³ = 4-Me 1353 R² = CHF₂, Z = O, R³ = 4-Et 1354 R² = CHF₂, Z = O, R³ = 4-Ethynyl 1355 R² = CHF₂, Z = O, R³ = 4-Ethenyl 1356 R² = CHF₂, Z = O, R³ = 4-SO₂Me 1357 R² = CHF₂, Z = O, R³ = 4-OAc 1358 R² = CHF₂, Z = O, R³ = 4-c-Pr 1359 R² = CHF₂, Z = O, R³ = 4-i-Pr 1360 R² = CHF₂, Z = O, R³ = 4-Ph 1361 R² = CHF₂, Z = O, R³ = 5-F 1362 R² = CHF₂, Z = O, R³ = 5-Cl 1363 R² = CHF₂, Z = O, R³ = 5-Br 1364 R² = CHF₂, Z = O, R³ = 5-I 1365 R² = CHF₂, Z = O, R³ = 5-CN 1366 R² = CHF₂, Z = O, R³ = 5-NO₂ 1367 R² = CHF₂, Z = O, R³ = 5-OMe 1368 R² = CHF₂, Z = O, R³ = 5-OCF₃ 1369 R² = CHF₂, Z = O, R³ = 5-CF₃ 1370 R² = CHF₂, Z = O, R³ = 5-CHF₂ 1371 R² = CHF₂, Z = O, R³ = 5-CH₂F 1372 R² = CHF₂, Z = O, R³ = 5-CHO 1373 R² = CHF₂, Z = O, R³ = 5-Me 1374 R² = CHF₂, Z = O, R³ = 5-Et 1375 R² = CHF₂, Z = O, R³ = 5-Ethynyl 1376 R² = CHF₂, Z = O, R³ = 5-Ethenyl 1377 R² = CHF₂, Z = O, R³ = 5-SO₂Me 1378 R² = CHF₂, Z = O, R³ = 5-OAc 1379 R² = CHF₂, Z = O, R³ = 5-c-Pr 1380 R² = CHF₂, Z = O, R³ = 5-i-Pr 1381 R² = CHF₂, Z = O, R³ = 5-Ph 1382 R² = CHF₂, Z = O, R³ = 6-F 1383 R² = CHF₂, Z = O, R³ = 6-Cl 1384 R² = CHF₂, Z = O, R³ = 6-Br 1385 R² = CHF₂, Z = O, R³ = 6-I 1386 R² = CHF₂, Z = O, R³ = 6-CN 1387 R² = CHF₂, Z = O, R³ = 6-NO₂ 1388 R² = CHF₂, Z = O, R³ = 6-OMe 1389 R² = CHF₂, Z = O, R³ = 6-OCF₃ 1390 R² = CHF₂, Z = O, R³ = 6-CF₃ 1391 R² = CHF₂, Z = O, R³ = 6-CHF₂ 1392 R² = CHF₂, Z = O, R³ = 6-CH₂F 1393 R² = CHF₂, Z = O, R³ = 6-CHO 1394 R² = CHF₂, Z = O, R³ = 6-Me 1395 R² = CHF₂, Z = O, R³ = 6-Et 1396 R² = CHF₂, Z = O, R³ = 6-Ethynyl 1397 R² = CHF₂, Z = O, R³ = 6-Ethenyl 1398 R² = CHF₂, Z = O, R³ = 6-SO₂Me 1399 R² = CHF₂, Z = O, R³ = 6-OAc 1400 R² = CHF₂, Z = O, R³ = 6-c-Pr 1401 R² = CHF₂, Z = O, R³ = 6-i-Pr 1402 R² = CHF₂, Z = O, R³ = 6-Ph 1403 R² = CHF₂, Z = O, R³ = 3,4-di-F 1404 R² = CHF₂, Z = O, R³ = 3,5-di-F 1405 R² = CHF₂, Z = O, R³ = 3,6-di-F 1406 R² = CHF₂, Z = O, R³ = 4,5-di-F 1407 R² = CHF₂, Z = O, R³ = 3,4-di-Cl 1408 R² = CHF₂, Z = O, R³ = 3,5-di-Cl 1409 R² = CHF₂, Z = O, R³ = 3,6-di-Cl 1410 R² = CHF₂, Z = O, R³ = 4,5-di-Cl 1411 R² = CHF₂, Z = O, R³ = 3,4-di-Br 1412 R² = CHF₂, Z = O, R³ = 3,5-di-Br 1413 R² = CHF₂, Z = O, R³ = 3,6-di-Br 1414 R² = CHF₂, Z = O, R³ = 4,5-di-Br 1415 R² = CHF₂, Z = O, R³ = 3,4-di-CN 1416 R² = CHF₂, Z = O, R³ = 3,5-di-CN 1417 R² = CHF₂, Z = O, R³ = 3,6-di-CN 1418 R² = CHF₂, Z = O, R³ = 4,5-di-CN 1419 R² = CHF₂, Z = O, R³ = 3,4-di-Me 1420 R² = CHF₂, Z = O, R³ = 3,5-di-Me 1421 R² = CHF₂, Z = O, R³ = 3,6-di-Me 1422 R² = CHF₂, Z = O, R³ = 4,5-di-Me 1423 R² = CHF₂, Z = O, R³ = 3,4-di-OMe 1424 R² = CHF₂, Z = O, R³ = 3,5-di-OMe 1425 R² = CHF₂, Z = O, R³ = 3,6-di-OMe 1426 R² = CHF₂, Z = O, R³ = 4,5-di-OMe 1427 R² = CHF₂, Z = O, R³ = 3,4-di-CF₃ 1428 R² = CHF₂, Z = O, R³ = 3,5-di-CF₃ 1429 R² = CHF₂, Z = O, R³ = 3,6-di-CF₃ 1430 R² = CHF₂, Z = O, R³ = 4,5-di-CF₃ 1431 R² = CHF₂, Z = O, R³ = 3-CN, 4-Me 1432 R² = CHF₂, Z = O, R³ = 3-CN, 4-F 1433 R² = CHF₂, Z = O, R³ = 3-CN, 4-Br 1434 R² = CHF₂, Z = O, R³ = 3-CN, 4-OMe 1435 R² = CHF₂, Z = O, R³ = 3-CN, 4-CF₃ 1436 R² = CHF₂, Z = O, R³ = 3-CN, 6-Me 1437 R² = CHF₂, Z = O, R³ = 3-CN, 6-F 1438 R² = CHF₂, Z = O, R³ = 3-CN, 6-Br 1439 R² = CHF₂, Z = O, R³ = 3-CN, 6-OMe 1440 R² = CHF₂, Z = O, R³ = 3-CN, 6-CF₃ 1441 R² = SO₂Me, Z = O, R³ = H (m = 0) 1442 R² = SO₂Me, Z = O, R³ = 3-F 1443 R² = SO₂Me, Z = O, R³ = 3-Cl 1444 R² = SO₂Me, Z = O, R³ = 3-Br 1445 R² = SO₂Me, Z = O, R³ = 3-I 1446 R² = SO₂Me, Z = O, R³ = 3-CN 1447 R² = SO₂Me, Z = O, R³ = 3-NO₂ 1448 R² = SO₂Me, Z = O, R³ = 3-OMe 1449 R² = SO₂Me, Z = O, R³ = 3-OCF₃ 1450 R² = SO₂Me, Z = O, R³ = 3-CF₃ 1451 R² = SO₂Me, Z = O, R³ = 3-CHF₂ 1452 R² = SO₂Me, Z = O, R³ = 3-CH₂F 1453 R² = SO₂Me, Z = O, R³ = 3-CHO 1454 R² = SO₂Me, Z = O, R³ = 3-Me 1455 R² = SO₂Me, Z = O, R³ = 3-Et 1456 R² = SO₂Me, Z = O, R³ = 3-Ethynyl 1457 R² = SO₂Me, Z = O, R³ = 3-Ethenyl 1458 R² = SO₂Me, Z = O, R³ = 3-SO₂Me 1459 R² = SO₂Me, Z = O, R³ = 3-OAc 1460 R² = SO₂Me, Z = O, R³ = 3-c-Pr 1461 R² = SO₂Me, Z = O, R³ = 3-i-Pr 1462 R² = SO₂Me, Z = O, R³ = 3-Ph 1463 R² = SO₂Me, Z = S, R³ = 3-F 1464 R² = SO₂Me, Z = S, R³ = 3-Cl 1465 R² = SO₂Me, Z = S, R³ = 3-Br 1466 R² = SO₂Me, Z = S, R³ = 3-I 1467 R² = SO₂Me, Z = S, R³ = 3-CN 1468 R² = SO₂Me, Z = S, R³ = 3-NO₂ 1469 R² = SO₂Me, Z = S, R³ = 3-OMe 1470 R² = SO₂Me, Z = S, R³ = 3-OCF₃ 1471 R² = SO₂Me, Z = S, R³ = 3-CF₃ 1472 R² = SO₂Me, Z = S, R³ = 3-CHF₂ 1473 R² = SO₂Me, Z = S, R³ = 3-CH₂F 1474 R² = SO₂Me, Z = S, R³ = 3-CHO 1475 R² = SO₂Me, Z = S, R³ = 3-Me 1476 R² = SO₂Me, Z = S, R³ = 3-Et 1477 R² = SO₂Me, Z = S, R³ = 3-Ethynyl 1478 R² = SO₂Me, Z = S, R³ = 3-Ethenyl 1479 R² = SO₂Me, Z = S, R³ = 3-SO₂Me 1480 R² = SO₂Me, Z = S, R³ = 3-OAc 1481 R² = SO₂Me, Z = S, R³ = 3-c-Pr 1482 R² = SO₂Me, Z = S, R³ = 3-i-Pr 1483 R² = SO₂Me, Z = S, R³ = 3-Ph 1484 R² = SO₂Me, Z = O, R³ = 4-F 1485 R² = SO₂Me, Z = O, R³ = 4-Cl 1486 R² = SO₂Me, Z = O, R³ = 4-Br 1487 R² = SO₂Me, Z = O, R³ = 4-I 1488 R² = SO₂Me, Z = O, R³ = 4-CN 1489 R² = SO₂Me, Z = O, R³ = 4-NO₂ 1490 R² = SO₂Me, Z = O, R³ = 4-OMe 1491 R² = SO₂Me, Z = O, R³ = 4-OCF₃ 1492 R² = SO₂Me, Z = O, R³ = 4-CF₃ 1493 R² = SO₂Me, Z = O, R³ = 4-CHF₂ 1494 R² = SO₂Me, Z = O, R³ = 4-CH₂F 1495 R² = SO₂Me, Z = O, R³ = 4-CHO 1496 R² = SO₂Me, Z = O, R³ = 4-Me 1497 R² = SO₂Me, Z = O, R³ = 4-Et 1498 R² = SO₂Me, Z = O, R³ = 4-Ethynyl 1499 R² = SO₂Me, Z = O, R³ = 4-Ethenyl 1500 R² = SO₂Me, Z = O, R³ = 4-SO₂Me 1501 R² = SO₂Me, Z = O, R³ = 4-OAc 1502 R² = SO₂Me, Z = O, R³ = 4-c-Pr 1503 R² = SO₂Me, Z = O, R³ = 4-i-Pr 1504 R² = SO₂Me, Z = O, R³ = 4-Ph 1505 R² = SO₂Me, Z = O, R³ = 5-F 1506 R² = SO₂Me, Z = O, R³ = 5-Cl 1507 R² = SO₂Me, Z = O, R³ = 5-Br 1508 R² = SO₂Me, Z = O, R³ = 5-I 1509 R² = SO₂Me, Z = O, R³ = 5-CN 1510 R² = SO₂Me, Z = O, R³ = 5-NO₂ 1511 R² = SO₂Me, Z = O, R³ = 5-OMe 1512 R² = SO₂Me, Z = O, R³ = 5-OCF₃ 1513 R² = SO₂Me, Z = O, R³ = 5-CF₃ 1514 R² = SO₂Me, Z = O, R³ = 5-CHF₂ 1515 R² = SO₂Me, Z = O, R³ = 5-CH₂F 1516 R² = SO₂Me, Z = O, R³ = 5-CHO 1517 R² = SO₂Me, Z = O, R³ = 5-Me 1518 R² = SO₂Me, Z = O, R³ = 5-Et 1519 R² = SO₂Me, Z = O, R³ = 5-Ethynyl 1520 R² = SO₂Me, Z = O, R³ = 5-Ethenyl 1521 R² = SO₂Me, Z = O, R³ = 5-SO₂Me 1522 R² = SO₂Me, Z = O, R³ = 5-OAc 1523 R² = SO₂Me, Z = O, R³ = 5-c-Pr 1524 R² = SO₂Me, Z = O, R³ = 5-i-Pr 1525 R² = SO₂Me, Z = O, R³ = 5-Ph 1526 R² = SO₂Me, Z = O, R³ = 6-F 1527 R² = SO₂Me, Z = O, R³ = 6-Cl 1528 R² = SO₂Me, Z = O, R³ = 6-Br 1529 R² = SO₂Me, Z = O, R³ = 6-I 1530 R² = SO₂Me, Z = O, R³ = 6-CN 1531 R² = SO₂Me, Z = O, R³ = 6-NO₂ 1532 R² = SO₂Me, Z = O, R³ = 6-OMe 1533 R² = SO₂Me, Z = O, R³ = 6-OCF₃ 1534 R² = SO₂Me, Z = O, R³ = 6-CF₃ 1535 R² = SO₂Me, Z = O, R³ = 6-CHF₂ 1536 R² = SO₂Me, Z = O, R³ = 6-CH₂F 1537 R² = SO₂Me, Z = O, R³ = 6-CHO 1538 R² = SO₂Me, Z = O, R³ = 6-Me 1539 R² = SO₂Me, Z = O, R³ = 6-Et 1540 R² = SO₂Me, Z = O, R³ = 6-Ethynyl 1541 R² = SO₂Me, Z = O, R³ = 6-Ethenyl 1542 R² = SO₂Me, Z = O, R³ = 6-SO₂Me 1543 R² = SO₂Me, Z = O, R³ = 6-OAc 1544 R² = SO₂Me, Z = O, R³ = 6-c-Pr 1545 R² = SO₂Me, Z = O, R³ = 6-i-Pr 1546 R² = SO₂Me, Z = O, R³ = 6-Ph 1547 R² = SO₂Me, Z = O, R³ = 3,4-di-F 1548 R² = SO₂Me, Z = O, R³ = 3,5-di-F 1549 R² = SO₂Me, Z = O, R³ = 3,6-di-F 1550 R² = SO₂Me, Z = O, R³ = 4,5-di-F 1551 R² = SO₂Me, Z = O, R³ = 3,4-di-Cl 1552 R² = SO₂Me, Z = O, R³ = 3,5-di-Cl 1553 R² = SO₂Me, Z = O, R³ = 3,6-di-Cl 1554 R² = SO₂Me, Z = O, R³ = 4,5-di-Cl 1555 R² = SO₂Me, Z = O, R³ = 3,4-di-Br 1556 R² = SO₂Me, Z = O, R³ = 3,5-di-Br 1557 R² = SO₂Me, Z = O, R³ = 3,6-di-Br 1558 R² = SO₂Me, Z = O, R³ = 4,5-di-Br 1559 R² = SO₂Me, Z = O, R³ = 3,4-di-CN 1560 R² = SO₂Me, Z = O, R³ = 3,5-di-CN 1561 R² = SO₂Me, Z = O, R³ = 3,6-di-CN 1562 R² = SO₂Me, Z = O, R³ = 4,5-di-CN 1563 R² = SO₂Me, Z = O, R³ = 3,4-di-Me 1564 R² = SO₂Me, Z = O, R³ = 3,5-di-Me 1565 R² = SO₂Me, Z = O, R³ = 3,6-di-Me 1566 R² = SO₂Me, Z = O, R³ = 4,5-di-Me 1567 R² = SO₂Me, Z = O, R³ = 3,4-di-OMe 1568 R² = SO₂Me, Z = O, R³ = 3,5-di-OMe 1569 R² = SO₂Me, Z = O, R³ = 3,6-di-OMe 1570 R² = SO₂Me, Z = O, R³ = 4,5-di-OMe 1571 R² = SO₂Me, Z = O, R³ = 3,4-di-CF₃ 1572 R² = SO₂Me, Z = O, R³ = 3,5-di-CF₃ 1573 R² = SO₂Me, Z = O, R³ = 3,6-di-CF₃ 1574 R² = SO₂Me, Z = O, R³ = 4,5-di-CF₃ 1575 R² = SO₂Me, Z = O, R³ = 3-CN, 4-Me 1576 R² = SO₂Me, Z = O, R³ = 3-CN, 4-F 1577 R² = SO₂Me, Z = O, R³ = 3-CN, 4-Br 1578 R² = SO₂Me, Z = O, R³ = 3-CN, 4-OMe 1579 R² = SO₂Me, Z = O, R³ = 3-CN, 4-CF₃ 1580 R² = SO₂Me, Z = O, R³ = 3-CN, 6-Me 1581 R² = SO₂Me, Z = O, R³ = 3-CN, 6-F 1582 R² = SO₂Me, Z = O, R³ = 3-CN, 6-Br 1583 R² = SO₂Me, Z = O, R³ = 3-CN, 6-OMe 1584 R² = SO₂Me, Z = O, R³ = 3-CN, 6-CF₃

A compound of this invention will generally be used as a herbicidal active ingredient in a composition, i.e. formulation, with at least one additional component selected from the group consisting of surfactants, solid diluents and liquid diluents, which serves as a carrier. The formulation or composition ingredients are selected to be consistent with the physical properties of the active ingredient, mode of application and environmental factors such as soil type, moisture and temperature.

Useful formulations include both liquid and solid compositions. Liquid compositions include solutions (including emulsifiable concentrates), suspensions, emulsions (including microemulsions, oil-in-water emulsions, flowable concentrates and/or suspoemulsions) and the like, which optionally can be thickened into gels. The general types of aqueous liquid compositions are soluble concentrate, suspension concentrate, capsule suspension, concentrated emulsion, microemulsion, oil-in-water emulsion, flowable concentrate and suspo-emulsion. The general types of nonaqueous liquid compositions are emulsifiable concentrate, microemulsifiable concentrate, dispersible concentrate and oil dispersion.

The general types of solid compositions are dusts, powders, granules, pellets, prills, pastilles, tablets, filled films (including seed coatings) and the like, which can be water-dispersible (“wettable”) or water-soluble. Films and coatings formed from film-forming solutions or flowable suspensions are particularly useful for seed treatment. Active ingredient can be (micro)encapsulated and further formed into a suspension or solid formulation; alternatively the entire formulation of active ingredient can be encapsulated (or “overcoated”). Encapsulation can control or delay release of the active ingredient. An emulsifiable granule combines the advantages of both an emulsifiable concentrate formulation and a dry granular formulation. High-strength compositions are primarily used as intermediates for further formulation.

Sprayable formulations are typically extended in a suitable medium before spraying. Such liquid and solid formulations are formulated to be readily diluted in the spray medium, usually water, but occasionally another suitable medium like an aromatic or paraffinic hydrocarbon or vegetable oil. Spray volumes can range from about from about one to several thousand liters per hectare, but more typically are in the range from about ten to several hundred liters per hectare. Sprayable formulations can be tank mixed with water or another suitable medium for foliar treatment by aerial or ground application, or for application to the growing medium of the plant. Liquid and dry formulations can be metered directly into drip irrigation systems or metered into the furrow during planting.

The formulations will typically contain effective amounts of active ingredient, diluent and surfactant within the following approximate ranges which add up to 100 percent by weight.

Weight Percent Active Ingredient Diluent Surfactant Water-Dispersible and Water-soluble 0.001-90   0-99.999 0-15 Granules, Tablets and Powders Oil Dispersions, Suspensions,    1-50 40-99   0-50 Emulsions, Solutions (including Emulsifiable Concentrates) Dusts    1-25 70-99   0-5  Granules and Pellets 0.001-99   5-99.999 0-15 High Strength Compositions   90-99 0-10  0-2 

Solid diluents include, for example, clays such as bentonite, montmorillonite, attapulgite and kaolin, gypsum, cellulose, titanium dioxide, zinc oxide, starch, dextrin, sugars (e.g., lactose, sucrose), silica, talc, mica, diatomaceous earth, urea, calcium carbonate, sodium carbonate and bicarbonate, and sodium sulfate. Typical solid diluents are described in Watkins et al., Handbook of Insecticide Dust Diluents and Carriers, 2nd Ed., Dorland Books, Caldwell, N.J.

Liquid diluents include, for example, water, N,N-dimethylalkanamides (e.g., N,N-dimethylformamide), limonene, dimethyl sulfoxide, N-alkylpyrrolidones (e.g., N-methylpyrrolidinone), alkyl phosphates (e.g., triethyl phosphate), ethylene glycol, triethylene glycol, propylene glycol, dipropylene glycol, polypropylene glycol, propylene carbonate, butylene carbonate, paraffins (e.g., white mineral oils, normal paraffins, isoparaffins), alkylbenzenes, alkylnaphthalenes, glycerine, glycerol triacetate, sorbitol, aromatic hydrocarbons, dearomatized aliphatics, alkylbenzenes, alkylnaphthalenes, ketones such as cyclohexanone, 2-heptanone, isophorone and 4-hydroxy-4-methyl-2-pentanone, acetates such as isoamyl acetate, hexyl acetate, heptyl acetate, octyl acetate, nonyl acetate, tridecyl acetate and isobornyl acetate, other esters such as alkylated lactate esters, dibasic esters, alkyl and aryl benzoates and y-butyrolactone, and alcohols, which can be linear, branched, saturated or unsaturated, such as methanol, ethanol, n-propanol, isopropyl alcohol, n-butanol, isobutyl alcohol, n-hexanol, 2-ethylhexanol, n-octanol, decanol, isodecyl alcohol, isooctadecanol, cetyl alcohol, lauryl alcohol, tridecyl alcohol, oleyl alcohol, cyclohexanol, tetrahydrofurfuryl alcohol, diacetone alcohol, cresol and benzyl alcohol. Liquid diluents also include glycerol esters of saturated and unsaturated fatty acids (typically C₆-C₂₂), such as plant seed and fruit oils (e.g., oils of olive, castor, linseed, sesame, corn (maize), peanut, sunflower, grapeseed, safflower, cottonseed, soybean, rapeseed, coconut and palm kernel), animal-sourced fats (e.g., beef tallow, pork tallow, lard, cod liver oil, fish oil), and mixtures thereof. Liquid diluents also include alkylated fatty acids (e.g., methylated, ethylated, butylated) wherein the fatty acids may be obtained by hydrolysis of glycerol esters from plant and animal sources, and can be purified by distillation. Typical liquid diluents are described in Marsden, Solvents Guide, 2nd Ed., Interscience, New York, 1950.

The solid and liquid compositions of the present invention often include one or more surfactants. When added to a liquid, surfactants (also known as “surface-active agents”) generally modify, most often reduce, the surface tension of the liquid. Depending on the nature of the hydrophilic and lipophilic groups in a surfactant molecule, surfactants can be useful as wetting agents, dispersants, emulsifiers or defoaming agents.

Surfactants can be classified as nonionic, anionic or cationic. Nonionic surfactants useful for the present compositions include, but are not limited to: alcohol alkoxylates such as alcohol alkoxylates based on natural and synthetic alcohols (which may be branched or linear) and prepared from the alcohols and ethylene oxide, propylene oxide, butylene oxide or mixtures thereof; amine ethoxylates, alkanolamides and ethoxylated alkanolamides; alkoxylated triglycerides such as ethoxylated soybean, castor and rapeseed oils; alkylphenol alkoxylates such as octylphenol ethoxylates, nonylphenol ethoxylates, dinonyl phenol ethoxylates and dodecyl phenol ethoxylates (prepared from the phenols and ethylene oxide, propylene oxide, butylene oxide or mixtures thereof); block polymers prepared from ethylene oxide or propylene oxide and reverse block polymers where the terminal blocks are prepared from propylene oxide; ethoxylated fatty acids; ethoxylated fatty esters and oils; ethoxylated methyl esters; ethoxylated tristyrylphenol (including those prepared from ethylene oxide, propylene oxide, butylene oxide or mixtures thereof); fatty acid esters, glycerol esters, lanolin-based derivatives, polyethoxylate esters such as polyethoxylated sorbitan fatty acid esters, polyethoxylated sorbitol fatty acid esters and polyethoxylated glycerol fatty acid esters; other sorbitan derivatives such as sorbitan esters; polymeric surfactants such as random copolymers, block copolymers, alkyd peg (polyethylene glycol) resins, graft or comb polymers and star polymers; polyethylene glycols (pegs); polyethylene glycol fatty acid esters; silicone-based surfactants; and sugar-derivatives such as sucrose esters, alkyl polyglycosides and alkyl polysaccharides.

Useful anionic surfactants include, but are not limited to: alkylaryl sulfonic acids and their salts; carboxylated alcohol or alkylphenol ethoxylates; diphenyl sulfonate derivatives; lignin and lignin derivatives such as lignosulfonates; maleic or succinic acids or their anhydrides; olefin sulfonates; phosphate esters such as phosphate esters of alcohol alkoxylates, phosphate esters of alkylphenol alkoxylates and phosphate esters of styryl phenol ethoxylates; protein-based surfactants; sarcosine derivatives; styryl phenol ether sulfate; sulfates and sulfonates of oils and fatty acids; sulfates and sulfonates of ethoxylated alkylphenols; sulfates of alcohols; sulfates of ethoxylated alcohols; sulfonates of amines and amides such as N,N-alkyltaurates; sulfonates of benzene, cumene, toluene, xylene, and dodecyl and tridecylbenzenes; sulfonates of condensed naphthalenes; sulfonates of naphthalene and alkyl naphthalene; sulfonates of fractionated petroleum; sulfosuccinamates; and sulfosuccinates and their derivatives such as dialkyl sulfosuccinate salts.

Useful cationic surfactants include, but are not limited to: amides and ethoxylated amides; amines such as N-alkyl propanediamines, tripropylenetriamines and dipropylenetetramines, and ethoxylated amines, ethoxylated diamines and propoxylated amines (prepared from the amines and ethylene oxide, propylene oxide, butylene oxide or mixtures thereof); amine salts such as amine acetates and diamine salts; quaternary ammonium salts such as quaternary salts, ethoxylated quaternary salts and diquaternary salts; and amine oxides such as alkyldimethylamine oxides and bis-(2-hydroxyethyl)-alkylamine oxides.

Also useful for the present compositions are mixtures of nonionic and anionic surfactants or mixtures of nonionic and cationic surfactants. Nonionic, anionic and cationic surfactants and their recommended uses are disclosed in a variety of published references including McCutcheon's Emulsifiers and Detergents, annual American and International Editions published by McCutcheon's Division, The Manufacturing Confectioner Publishing Co.; Sisely and Wood, Encyclopedia of Surface Active Agents, Chemical Publ. Co., Inc., New York, 1964; and A. S. Davidson and B. Milwidsky, Synthetic Detergents, Seventh Edition, John Wiley and Sons, New York, 1987.

Compositions of this invention may also contain formulation auxiliaries and additives, known to those skilled in the art as formulation aids (some of which may be considered to also function as solid diluents, liquid diluents or surfactants). Such formulation auxiliaries and additives may control: pH (buffers), foaming during processing (antifoams such polyorganosiloxanes), sedimentation of active ingredients (suspending agents), viscosity (thixotropic thickeners), in-container microbial growth (antimicrobials), product freezing (antifreezes), color (dyes/pigment dispersions), wash-off (film formers or stickers), evaporation (evaporation retardants), and other formulation attributes. Film formers include, for example, polyvinyl acetates, polyvinyl acetate copolymers, polyvinylpyrrolidone-vinyl acetate copolymer, polyvinyl alcohols, polyvinyl alcohol copolymers and waxes. Examples of formulation auxiliaries and additives include those listed in McCutcheon's Volume 2: Functional Materials, annual International and North American editions published by McCutcheon's Division, The Manufacturing Confectioner Publishing Co.; and PCT Publication WO 03/024222.

The compound of Formula 1 and any other active ingredients are typically incorporated into the present compositions by dissolving the active ingredient in a solvent or by grinding in a liquid or dry diluent. Solutions, including emulsifiable concentrates, can be prepared by simply mixing the ingredients. If the solvent of a liquid composition intended for use as an emulsifiable concentrate is water-immiscible, an emulsifier is typically added to emulsify the active-containing solvent upon dilution with water. Active ingredient slurries, with particle diameters of up to 2,000 μm can be wet milled using media mills to obtain particles with average diameters below 3 μm. Aqueous slurries can be made into finished suspension concentrates (see, for example, U.S. Pat. No. 3,060,084) or further processed by spray drying to form water-dispersible granules. Dry formulations usually require dry milling processes, which produce average particle diameters in the 2 to 10 μm range. Dusts and powders can be prepared by blending and usually grinding (such as with a hammer mill or fluid-energy mill). Granules and pellets can be prepared by spraying the active material upon preformed granular carriers or by agglomeration techniques. See Browning, “Agglomeration”, Chemical Engineering, Dec. 4, 1967, pp 147-48, Perry's Chemical Engineer's Handbook, 4th Ed., McGraw-Hill, New York, 1963, pages 8-57 and following, and WO 91/13546. Pellets can be prepared as described in U.S. Pat. No. 4,172,714. Water-dispersible and water-soluble granules can be prepared as taught in U.S. Pat. Nos. 4,144,050, 3,920,442 and DE 3,246,493. Tablets can be prepared as taught in U.S. Pat. Nos. 5,180,587, 5,232,701 and 5,208,030. Films can be prepared as taught in GB 2,095,558 and U.S. Pat. No. 3,299,566.

For further information regarding the art of formulation, see T. S. Woods, “The Formulator's Toolbox—Product Forms for Modern Agriculture” in Pesticide Chemistry and Bioscience, The Food-Environment Challenge, T. Brooks and T. R. Roberts, Eds., Proceedings of the 9th International Congress on Pesticide Chemistry, The Royal Society of Chemistry, Cambridge, 1999, pp. 120-133. See also U.S. Pat. No. 3,235,361, Col. 6, line 16 through Col. 7, line 19 and Examples 10-41; U.S. Pat. No. 3,309,192, Col. 5, line 43 through Col. 7, line 62 and Examples 8, 12, 15, 39, 41, 52, 53, 58, 132, 138-140, 162-164, 166, 167 and 169-182; U.S. Pat. No. 2,891,855, Col. 3, line 66 through Col. 5, line 17 and Examples 1-4; Klingman, Weed Control as a Science, John Wiley and Sons, Inc., New York, 1961, pp 81-96; Hance et al., Weed Control Handbook, 8th Ed., Blackwell Scientific Publications, Oxford, 1989; and Developments in formulation technology, PJB Publications, Richmond, UK, 2000.

In the following Examples, all percentages are by weight and all formulations are prepared in conventional ways. Compound numbers refer to compounds in Index Table A. Without further elaboration, it is believed that one skilled in the art using the preceding description can utilize the present invention to its fullest extent. The following Examples are, therefore, to be construed as merely illustrative, and not limiting of the disclosure in any way whatsoever. Percentages are by weight except where otherwise indicated.

EXAMPLE A

High Strength Concentrate Compound 1 98.5% silica aerogel  0.5% synthetic amorphous fine silica  1.0%

EXAMPLE B

Wettable Powder Compound 12 65.0% dodecylphenol polyethylene glycol ether  2.0% sodium ligninsulfonate  4.0% sodium silicoaluminate  6.0% montmorillonite (calcined) 23.0%

EXAMPLE C

Granule Compound 15 10.0% attapulgite granules (low volatile matter, 0.71/0.30 mm; 90.0% U.S.S. No. 25-50 sieves)

EXAMPLE D

Extruded Pellet Compound 21 25.0% anhydrous sodium sulfate 10.0% crude calcium ligninsulfonate 5.0% sodium alkylnaphthalenesulfonate 1.0% calcium/magnesium bentonite 59.0%

EXAMPLE E

Emulsifiable Concentrate Compound 23 10.0% polyoxyethylene sorbitol hexoleate 20.0% C₆-C₁₀ fatty acid methyl ester 70.0%

EXAMPLE F

Microemulsion Compound 24 5.0% polyvinylpyrrolidone-vinyl acetate copolymer 30.0% alkylpolyglycoside 30.0% glyceryl monooleate 15.0% water 20.0%

EXAMPLE G

Suspension Concentrate Compound 27  35% butyl polyoxyethylene/polypropylene block copolymer 4.0% stearic acid/polyethylene glycol copolymer 1.0% styrene acrylic polymer 1.0% xanthan gum 0.1% propylene glycol 5.0% silicone based defoamer 0.1% 1,2-benzisothiazolin-3-one 0.1% water 53.7% 

EXAMPLE H

Emulsion in Water Compound 32 10.0% butyl polyoxyethylene/polypropylene block copolymer 4.0% stearic acid/polyethylene glycol copolymer 1.0% styrene acrylic polymer 1.0% xanthan gum 0.1% propylene glycol 5.0% silicone based defoamer 0.1% 1,2-benzisothiazolin-3-one 0.1% aromatic petroleum based hydrocarbon 20.0 water 58.7%

EXAMPLE I

Oil Dispersion Compound 42 25% polyoxyethylene sorbitol hexaoleate 15% organically modified bentonite clay 2.5%  fatty acid methyl ester 57.5%  

EXAMPLE J

Suspoemulsion Compound 1 10.0% imidacloprid 5.0% butyl polyoxyethylene/polypropylene block copolymer 4.0% stearic acid/polyethylene glycol copolymer 1.0% styrene acrylic polymer 1.0% xanthan gum 0.1% propylene glycol 5.0% silicone based defoamer 0.1% 1,2-benzisothiazolin-3-one 0.1% aromatic petroleum based hydrocarbon 20.0% water 53.7%

Test results indicate that the compounds of the present invention are highly active preemergent and/or postemergent herbicides and/or plant growth regulants. The compounds of the inention generally show highest activity for postemergence weed control (i.e. applied after weed seedlings emerge from the soil) and preemergence weed control (i.e. applied before weed seedlings emerge from the soil). Many of them have utility for broad-spectrum pre- and/or postemergence weed control in areas where complete control of all vegetation is desired such as around fuel storage tanks, industrial storage areas, parking lots, drive-in theaters, air fields, river banks, irrigation and other waterways, around billboards and highway and railroad structures. Many of the compounds of this invention, by virtue of selective metabolism in crops versus weeds, or by selective activity at the locus of physiological inhibition in crops and weeds, or by selective placement on or within the environment of a mixture of crops and weeds, are useful for the selective control of grass and broadleaf weeds within a crop/weed mixture. One skilled in the art will recognize that the preferred combination of these selectivity factors within a compound or group of compounds can readily be determined by performing routine biological and/or biochemical assays. Compounds of this invention may show tolerance to important agronomic crops including, but is not limited to, alfalfa, barley, cotton, wheat, rape, sugar beets, corn (maize), sorghum, soybeans, rice, oats, peanuts, vegetables, tomato, potato, perennial plantation crops including coffee, cocoa, oil palm, rubber, sugarcane, citrus, grapes, fruit trees, nut trees, banana, plantain, pineapple, hops, tea and forests such as eucalyptus and conifers (e.g., loblolly pine), and turf species (e.g., Kentucky bluegrass, St. Augustine grass, Kentucky fescue and Bermuda grass). Compounds of this invention can be used in crops genetically transformed or bred to incorporate resistance to herbicides, express proteins toxic to invertebrate pests (such as Bacillus thuringiensis toxin), and/or express other useful traits. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that not all compounds are equally effective against all weeds. Alternatively, the subject compounds are useful to modify plant growth.

As the compounds of the invention have both preemergent and postemergent herbicidal activity, to control undesired vegetation by killing or injuring the vegetation or reducing its growth, the compounds can be usefully applied by a variety of methods involving contacting a herbicidally effective amount of a compound of the invention, or a composition comprising said compound and at least one of a surfactant, a solid diluent or a liquid diluent, to the foliage or other part of the undesired vegetation or to the environment of the undesired vegetation such as the soil or water in which the undesired vegetation is growing or which surrounds the seed or other propagule of the undesired vegetation.

A herbicidally effective amount of the compounds of this invention is determined by a number of factors. These factors include: formulation selected, method of application, amount and type of vegetation present, growing conditions, etc. In general, a herbicidally effective amount of compounds of this invention is about 0.001 to 20 kg/ha with a preferred range of about 0.004 to 1 kg/ha. One skilled in the art can easily determine the herbicidally effective amount necessary for the desired level of weed control.

Compounds of the invention are useful in treating all plants and plant parts. Plant varieties and cultivars can be obtained by conventional propagation and breeding methods or by genetic engineering methods. Genetically modified plants (transgenic plants) are those in which a heterologous gene (transgene) has been stably integrated into the plant's genome. A transgene that is defined by its particular location in the plant genome is called a transformation or transgenic event.

Genetically modified plant cultivars which can be treated according to the invention include those that are resistant against one or more biotic stresses (pests such as nematodes, insects, mites, fungi, etc.) or abiotic stresses (drought, cold temperature, soil salinity, etc.), or that contain other desirable characteristics. Plants can be genetically modified to exhibit traits of, for example, herbicide tolerance, insect-resistance, modified oil profiles or drought tolerance. Useful genetically modified plants containing single gene transformation events or combinations of transformation events are listed in Exhibit C. Additional information for the genetic modifications listed in Exhibit C can be obtained from publicly available databases maintained, for example, by the U.S. Department of Agriculture.

The following abbreviations, 1 through 37, are used in Exhibit C for traits. A “-” means the entry is not available.

Trait Description 1 Glyphosate tolerance 2 High lauric acid oil 3 Glufosinate tolerance 4 Phytate breakdown 5 Oxynil tolerance 6 Disease resistance 7 Insect resistance 9 Modified flower color 11 ALS Herbicide Tol. 12 Dicamba Tolerance 13 Anti-allergy 14 Salt tolerance 15 Cold tolerance 16 Imidazolinone herb. tol. 17 Modified alpha-amylase 18 Pollination control 19 2,4-D tolerance 20 Increased lysine 21 Drought tolerance 22 Delayed ripening/senescence 23 Modified product quality 24 High cellulose 25 Modified starch/carbohydrate 26 Insect & disease resist. 27 High tryptophan 28 Erect leaves semidwarf 29 Semidwarf 30 Low iron tolerance 31 Modified oil/fatty acid 32 HPPD tolerance 33 High oil 34 Aryloxyalkanoate tol. 35 Mesotrione tolerance 36 Reduced nicotine 37 Modified product

Exhibit C Crop Event Name Event Code Trait(s) Gene(s) Alfalfa J101 MON-00101-8 1 cp4 epsps (aroA:CP4) Alfalfa J163 MON-ØØ163-7 1 cp4 epsps (aroA:CP4) Canola* 23-18-17 (Event 18) CGN-89465-2 2 te Canola* 23-198 (Event 23) CGN-89465-2 2 te Canola* 61061 DP-Ø61Ø061-7 1 gat4621 Canola* 73496 DP-Ø73496-4 1 gat4621 Canola* GT200 (RT200) MON-89249-2 1 cp4 epsps (aroA:CP4); goxv247 Canola* GT73 (RT73) MON-ØØØ73-7 1 cp4 epsps (aroA:CP4); goxv247 Canola* HCN10 (Topas 19/2) — 3 bar Canola* HCN28 (T45) ACS-BNØØ8-2 3 pat (syn) Canola* HCN92 (Topas 19/2) ACS-BNØØ7-1 3 bar Canola* MON88302 MON-883Ø2-9 1 cp4 epsps (aroA:CP4) Canola* MPS961 — 4 phyA Canola* MPS962 — 4 phyA Canola* MPS963 — 4 phyA Canola* MPS964 — 4 phyA Canola* MPS965 — 4 phyA Canola* MS1 (B91-4) ACS-BNØØ4-7 3 bar Canola* MS8 ACS-BNØØ5-8 3 bar Canola* OXY-235 ACS-BNØ11-5 5 bxn Canola* PHY14 — 3 bar Canola* PHY23 — 3 bar Canola* PHY35 — 3 bar Canola* PHY36 — 3 bar Canola* RF1 (B93-101) ACS-BNØØ1-4 3 bar Canola* RF2 (B94-2) ACS-BNØØ2-5 3 bar Canola* RF3 ACS-BNØØ3-6 3 bar Bean EMBRAPA 5.1 EMB-PV051-1 6 ac1 (sense and antisense) Brinjal # EE-1 — 7 cry1Ac Cotton 19-51a DD-Ø1951A-7 11 S4-HrA Cotton 281-24-236 DAS-24236-5 3, 7 pat (syn); cry1F Cotton 3006-210-23 DAS-21Ø23-5 3, 7 pat (syn); cry1Ac Cotton 31707 — 5, 7 bxn; cry1Ac Cotton 31803 — 5, 7 bxn; cry1Ac Cotton 31807 — 5, 7 bxn; cry1Ac Cotton 31808 — 5, 7 bxn; cry1Ac Cotton 42317 — 5, 7 bxn; cry1Ac Cotton BNLA-601 — 7 cry1Ac Cotton BXN10211 BXN10211-9 5 bxn; cry1Ac Cotton BXN10215 BXN10215-4 5 bxn; cry1Ac Cotton BXN10222 BXN10222-2 5 bxn; ciy1Ac Cotton BXN10224 BXN10224-4 5 bxn; ciy1Ac Cotton COT102 SYN-IR102-7 7 vip3A(a) Cotton COT67B SYN-IR67B-1 7 cry1Ab Cotton COT202 — 7 vip3A Cotton Event 1 — 7 cry1Ac Cotton GMF Cry1A GTL-GMF311-7 7 cry1Ab-Ac Cotton GHB119 BCS-GH005-8 7 cry2Ae Cotton GHB614 BCS-GH002-5 1 2mepsps Cotton GK12 — 7 cry1Ab-Ac Cotton LLCotton25 ACS-GH001-3 3 bar Cotton MLS 9124 — 7 cry1C Cotton MON1076 MON-89924-2 7 cry1Ac Cotton MON1445 MON-01445-2 1 cp4 epsps (aroA:CP4) Cotton MON15985 MON-15985-7 7 cry1Ac; cry2Ab2 Cotton MON1698 MON-89383-1 7 cp4 epsps (aroA:CP4) Cotton MON531 MON-00531-6 7 cry1Ac Cotton MON757 MON-00757-7 7 cry1Ac Cotton MON88913 MON-88913-8 1 cp4 epsps (aroA:CP4) Cotton Nqwe Chi 6 Bt — 7 — Cotton SKG321 — 7 cry1A; CpTI Cotton T303-3 BCS-GH003-6 3, 7 cry1Ab; bar Cotton T304-40 BCS-GH004-7 3, 7 cry1Ab; bar Cotton CE43-67B — 7 cry1Ab Cotton CE46-02A — 7 cry1Ab Cotton CE44-69D — 7 cry1Ab Cotton 1143-14A — 7 cry1Ab Cotton 1143-51B — 7 cry1Ab Cotton T342-142 — 7 cry1Ab Cotton PV-GHGT07 (1445) — 1 cp4 epsps (aroA:CP4) Cotton EE-GH3 — 1 mepsps Cotton EE-GH5 — 7 cry1Ab Cotton MON88701 MON-88701-3 3, 12 Modified dmo; bar Cotton OsCr11 — 13 Modified Cry j Flax FP967 CDC-FL001-2 11 als Lentil RH44 — 16 als Maize 3272 SYN-E3272-5 17 amy797E Maize 5307 SYN-05307-1 7 ecry3.1Ab Maize 59122 DAS-59122-7 3, 7 cry34Ab1; cry35Ab1; pat Maize 676 PH-000676-7 3, 18 pat; dam Maize 678 PH-000678-9 3, 18 pat; dam Maize 680 PH-000680-2 3, 18 pat; dam Maize 98140 DP-098140-6 1, 11 gat4621; zm-hra Maize Bt10 — 3, 7 cry1Ab; pat Maize Bt176 (176) SYN-EV176-9 3, 7 cry1Ab; bar Maize BVLA430101 — 4 phyA2 Maize CBH-351 ACS-ZM004-3 3, 7 cry9C; bar Maize DAS40278-9 DAS40278-9 19 aad-1 Maize DBT418 DKB-89614-9 3, 7 cry1Ac; pinII; bar Maize DLL25 (B16) DKB-89790-5 3 bar Maize GA21 MON-00021-9 1 mepsps Maize GG25 — 1 mepsps Maize GJ11 — 1 mepsps Maize F1117 — 1 mepsps Maize GAT-ZM1 — 3 pat Maize LY038 REN-00038-3 20 cordapA Maize MIR162 SYN-IR162-4 7 vip3Aa20 Maize MIR604 SYN-IR604-5 7 mcry3A Maize MON801 (MON80100) MON801 1, 7 cry1Ab; cp4 epsps (aroA:CP4); goxv247 Maize MON802 MON-80200-7 1, 7 cry1Ab; cp4 epsps (aroA:CP4); goxv247 Maize MON809 PH-MON-809-2 1, 7 cry1Ab; cp4 epsps (aroA:CP4); goxv247 Maize MON810 MON-00810-6 1, 7 cry1Ab; cp4 epsps (aroA:CP4); goxv247 Maize MON832 — 1 cp4 epsps (aroA:CP4); goxv247 Maize MON863 MON-00863-5 7 cry3Bb1 Maize MON87427 MON-87427-7 1 cp4 epsps (aroA:CP4) Maize MON87460 MON-87460-4 21 cspB Maize MON88017 MON-88017-3 1, 7 cry3Bb1; cp4 epsps (aroA:CP4) Maize MON89034 MON-89034-3 7 cry2Ab2; cry1A.105 Maize MS3 ACS-ZM001-9 3, 18 bar; barnase Maize MS6 ACS-ZM005-4 3, 18 bar; barnase Maize NK603 MON-00603-6 1 cp4 epsps (aroA:CP4) Maize T14 ACS-ZM002-1 3 pat (syn) Maize T25 ACS-ZM003-2 3 pat (syn) Maize TC1507 DAS-01507-1 3, 7 cry1Fa2; pat Maize TC6275 DAS-06275-8 3, 7 mocry1F; bar Maize VIP1034 — 3, 7 vip3A; pat Maize 43A47 DP-043A47-3 3, 7 cry1F; cry34Ab1; cry35Ab1; pat Maize 40416 DP-040416-8 3, 7 cry1F; cry34Ab1; cry35Ab1; pat Maize 32316 DP-032316-8 3, 7 cry1F; cry34Ab1; cry35Ab1; pat Maize 4114 DP-004114-3 3, 7 cry1F; cry34Ab1; cry35Ab1; pat Melon Melon A — 22 sam-k Melon Melon B — 22 sam-k Papaya 55-1 CUH-CP551-8 6 prsv cp Papaya 63-1 CUH-CP631-7 6 prsv cp Papaya Huanong No. 1 — 6 prsv rep Papaya X17-2 UFL-X17CP-6 6 prsv cp Plum C-5 ARS-PLMC5-6 6 ppv cp Canola** ZSR500 — 1 cp4 epsps (aroA:CP4); goxv247 Canola** ZSR502 — 1 cp4 epsps (aroA:CP4); goxv247 Canola** ZSR503 — 1 cp4 epsps (aroA:CP4); goxv247 Rice 7Crp#242-95-7 — 13 7crp Rice 7Crp#10 — 13 7crp Rice GM Shanyou 63 — 7 cry1Ab; cry1Ac Rice Huahui-1/TT51-1 — 7 cry1Ab; cry1Ac Rice LLRICE06 ACS-OS001-4 3 bar Rice LLRICE601 BCS-OS003-7 3 bar Rice LLRICE62 ACS-OS002-5 3 bar Rice Tarom molaii + cry1Ab — 7 cry1Ab (truncated) Rice GAT-OS2 — 3 bar Rice GAT-OS3 — 3 bar Rice PE-7 — 7 Cry1Ac Rice 7Crp#10 — 13 7crp Rice KPD627-8 — 27 OASA1D Rice KPD722-4 — 27 OASA1D Rice KA317 — 27 OASA1D Rice HW5 — 27 OASA1D Rice HW1 — 27 OASA1D Rice B-4-1-18 — 28 Δ OsBRI1 Rice G-3-3-22 — 29 OSGA2ox1 Rice AD77 — 6 DEF Rice AD51 — 6 DEF Rice AD48 — 6 DEF Rice AD41 — 6 DEF Rice 13pNasNa800725atAprt1 — 30 HvNAS1; HvNAAT-A; APRT Rice 13pAprt1 — 30 APRT Rice gHvNAS1-gHvNAAT-1 — 30 HvNAS1; HvNAAT-A; HvNAAT- B Rice gHvIDS3-1 — 30 HvIDS3 Rice gHvNAAT1 — 30 HvNAAT-A; HvNAAT-B Rice gHvNAS1-1 — 30 HvNAS1 Rice NIA-OS006-4 — 6 WRKY45 Rice NIA-OS005-3 — 6 WRKY45 Rice NIA-OS004-2 — 6 WRKY45 Rice NIA-OS003-1 — 6 WRKY45 Rice NIA-OS002-9 — 6 WRKY45 Rice NIA-OS001-8 — 6 WRKY45 Rice OsCr11 — 13 Modified Cry j Rice 17053 — 1 cp4 epsps (aroA:CP4) Rice 17314 — 1 cp4 epsps (aroA:CP4) Rose WKS82/130-4-1 IFD-52401-4 9 5AT; bp40 (f3′5′h) Rose WKS92/130-9-1 IFD-52901-9 9 5AT; bp40 (f3′5′h) Soybean 260-05 (G94-1, G94-19, — 9 gm-fad2-1 (silencing locus) G168) Soybean A2704-12 ACS-GM005-3 3 pat Soybean A2704-21 ACS-GM004-2 3 pat Soybean A5547-127 ACS-GM006-4 3 pat Soybean A5547-35 ACS-GM008-6 3 pat Soybean CV127 BPS-CV127-9 16 csr1-2 Soybean DA568416-4 DAS68416-4 3 pat Soybean DP305423 DP-305423-1 11, 31 gm-fad2-1 (silencing locus); gm-hra Soybean DP356043 DP-356043-5 1, 31 gm-fad2-1 (silencing locus); gat4601 Soybean FG72 MST-FG072-3 32, 1 2mepsps; hppdPF W336 Soybean GTS 40-3-2 (40-3-2) MON-04032-6 1 cp4 epsps (aroA:CP4) Soybean GU262 ACS-GM003-1 3 pat Soybean MON87701 MON-87701-2 7 cry1Ac Soybean MON87705 MON-87705-6 1, 31 fatb1-A (sense & antisense); fad2- 1A (sense & antisense); cp4 epsps (aroA:CP4) Soybean MON87708 MON-87708-9 1, 12 dmo; cp4 epsps (aroA:CP4) Soybean MON87769 MON-87769-7 1, 31 Pj.D6D; Nc.Fad3; cp4 epsps (aroA:CP4) Soybean MON89788 MON-89788-1 1 cp4 epsps (aroA:CP4) Soybean W62 ACS-GM002-9 3 bar Soybean W98 ACS-GM001-8 3 bar Soybean MON87754 MON-87754-1 33 dgat2A Soybean DAS21606 DAS-21606 34, 3 Modified aad-12; pat Soybean DA544406 DAS-44406-6 1, 3, 34 Modified aad-12; 2mepsps; pat Soybean SYHT04R SYN-0004R-8 35 Modified avhppd Soybean 9582.814.19.1 — 3, 7 cry1Ac; cry1F; pat Squash CZW3 SEM-ØCZW3-2 6 cmv cp; zymv cp; wmv cp Squash ZW20 SEM-0ZW20-7 6 zymv cp; wmv cp Sugar Beet GTSB77 (T9100152) SY-GTSB77-8 1 cp4 epsps (aroA:CP4); goxv247 Sugar Beet H7-1 KM-000H71-4 1 cp4 epsps (aroA:CP4) Sugar Beet T120-7 ACS-BV001-3 3 pat Sugar Beet T227-1 — 1 cp4 epsps (aroA:CP4) Sugarcane NXI-1T — 21 EcbetA Sunflower X81359 — 16 als Pepper PK-SP01 — 6 cmv cp Tobacco C/F/93/08-02 — 5 bxn Tobacco Vector 21-41 — 36 NtQPT1 (antisense) Wheat MON71800 MON-718ØØ-3 1 cp4 epsps (aroA:CP4) *Argentine (Brassica napus) **Polish (B. rapa), # Eggplant

Treatment of genetically modified plants with compounds of the invention may result in super-additive or synergistic effects. For example, reduction in application rates, broadening of the activity spectrum, increased tolerance to biotic/abiotic stresses or enhanced storage stability may be greater than expected from just simple additive effects of the application of compounds of the invention on genetically modified plants.

Compounds of this invention can also be mixed with one or more other biologically active compounds or agents including herbicides, herbicide safeners, fungicides, insecticides, nematocides, bactericides, acaricides, growth regulators such as insect molting inhibitors and rooting stimulants, chemosterilants, semiochemicals, repellents, attractants, pheromones, feeding stimulants, plant nutrients, other biologically active compounds or entomopathogenic bacteria, virus or fungi to form a multi-component pesticide giving an even broader spectrum of agricultural protection. Mixtures of the compounds of the invention with other herbicides can broaden the spectrum of activity against additional weed species, and suppress the proliferation of any resistant biotypes. Thus the present invention also pertains to a composition comprising a compound of Formula 1 (in a herbicidally effective amount) and at least one additional biologically active compound or agent (in a biologically effective amount) and can further comprise at least one of a surfactant, a solid diluent or a liquid diluent. The other biologically active compounds or agents can be formulated in compositions comprising at least one of a surfactant, solid or liquid diluent. For mixtures of the present invention, one or more other biologically active compounds or agents can be formulated together with a compound of Formula 1, to form a premix, or one or more other biologically active compounds or agents can be formulated separately from the compound of Formula 1, and the formulations combined together before application (e.g., in a spray tank) or, alternatively, applied in succession.

A mixture of one or more of the following herbicides with a compound of this invention may be particularly useful for weed control: acetochlor, acifluorfen and its sodium salt, aclonifen, acrolein (2-propenal), alachlor, alloxydim, ametryn, amicarbazone, amidosulfuron, aminocyclopyrachlor and its esters (e.g., methyl, ethyl) and salts (e.g., sodium, potassium), aminopyralid, amitrole, ammonium sulfamate, anilofos, asulam, atrazine, azimsulfuron, beflubutamid, benazolin, benazolin-ethyl, bencarbazone, benfluralin, benfuresate, bensulfuron-methyl, bensulide, bentazone, benzobicyclon, benzofenap, bicyclopyrone, bifenox, bilanafos, bispyribac and its sodium salt, bromacil, bromobutide, bromofenoxim, bromoxynil, bromoxynil octanoate, butachlor, butafenacil, butamifos, butralin, butroxydim, butylate, cafenstrole, carbetamide, carfentrazone-ethyl, catechin, chlomethoxyfen, chloramben, chlorbromuron, chlorflurenol-methyl, chloridazon, chlorimuron-ethyl, chlorotoluron, chlorpropham, chlorsulfuron, chlorthal-dimethyl, chlorthiamid, cinidon-ethyl, cinmethylin, cinosulfuron, clacyfos, clefoxydim, clethodim, clodinafop-propargyl, clomazone, clomeprop, clopyralid, clopyralid-olamine, cloransulam-methyl, cumyluron, cyanazine, cycloate, cyclopyrimorate, cyclosulfamuron, cycloxydim, cyhalofop-butyl, 2,4-D and its butotyl, butyl, isoctyl and isopropyl esters and its dimethylammonium, diolamine and trolamine salts, daimuron, dalapon, dalapon-sodium, dazomet, 2,4-DB and its dimethylammonium, potassium and sodium salts, desmedipham, desmetryn, dicamba and its diglycolammonium, dimethylammonium, potassium and sodium salts, dichlobenil, dichlorprop, diclofop-methyl, diclosulam, difenzoquat metil sulfate, diflufenican, diflufenzopyr, dimefuron, dimepiperate, dimethachlor, dimethametryn, dimethenamid, dimethenamid-P, dimethipin, dimethylarsinic acid and its sodium salt, dinitramine, dinoterb, diphenamid, diquat dibromide, dithiopyr, diuron, DNOC, endothal, EPTC, esprocarb, ethalfluralin, ethametsulfuron-methyl, ethiozin, ethofumesate, ethoxyfen, ethoxysulfuron, etobenzanid, fenoxaprop-ethyl, fenoxaprop-P-ethyl, fenoxasulfone, fenquinotrione, fentrazamide, fenuron, fenuron-TCA, flamprop-methyl, flamprop-M-isopropyl, flamprop-M-methyl, flazasulfuron, florasulam, fluazifop-butyl, fluazifop-P-butyl, fluazolate, flucarbazone, flucetosulfuron, fluchloralin, flufenacet, flufenpyr, flufenpyr-ethyl, flumetsulam, flumiclorac-pentyl, flumioxazin, fluometuron, fluoroglycofen-ethyl, flupoxam, flupyrsulfuron-methyl and its sodium salt, flurenol, flurenol-butyl, fluridone, flurochloridone, fluroxypyr, flurtamone, fluthiacet-methyl, fomesafen, foramsulfuron, fosamine-ammonium, glufosinate, glufosinate-ammonium, glufosinate-P, glyphosate and its salts such as ammonium, isopropylammonium, potassium, sodium (including sesquisodium) and trimesium (alternatively named sulfosate), halauxifen, halauxifen-methyl, halosulfuron-methyl, haloxyfop-etotyl, haloxyfop-methyl, hexazinone, imazamethabenz-methyl, imazamox, imazapic, imazapyr, imazaquin, imazaquin-ammonium, imazethapyr, imazethapyr-ammonium, imazosulfuron, indanofan, indaziflam, iofensulfuron, iodosulfuron-methyl, ioxynil, ioxynil octanoate, ioxynil-sodium, ipfencarbazone, isoproturon, isouron, isoxaben, isoxaflutole, isoxachlortole, lactofen, lenacil, linuron, maleic hydrazide, MCPA and its salts (e.g., MCPA-dimethylammonium, MCPA-potassium and MCPA-sodium, esters (e.g., MCPA-2-ethylhexyl, MCPA-butotyl) and thioesters (e.g., MCPA-thioethyl), MCPB and its salts (e.g., MCPB-sodium) and esters (e.g., MCPB-ethyl), mecoprop, mecoprop-P, mefenacet, mefluidide, mesosulfuron-methyl, mesotrione, metam-sodium, metamifop, metamitron, metazachlor, metazosulfuron, methabenzthiazuron, methylarsonic acid and its calcium, monoammonium, monosodium and disodium salts, methyldymron, metobenzuron, metobromuron, metolachlor, S-metolachlor, metosulam, metoxuron, metribuzin, metsulfuron-methyl, molinate, monolinuron, naproanilide, napropamide, napropamide-M, naptalam, neburon, nicosulfuron, norflurazon, orbencarb, orthosulfamuron, oryzalin, oxadiargyl, oxadiazon, oxasulfuron, oxaziclomefone, oxyfluorfen, paraquat dichloride, pebulate, pelargonic acid, pendimethalin, penoxsulam, pentanochlor, pentoxazone, perfluidone, pethoxamid, pethoxyamid, phenmedipham, picloram, picloram-potassium, picolinafen, pinoxaden, piperophos, pretilachlor, primisulfuron-methyl, prodiamine, profoxydim, prometon, prometryn, propachlor, propanil, propaquizafop, propazine, propham, propisochlor, propoxycarbazone, propyrisulfuron, propyzamide, prosulfocarb, prosulfuron, pyraclonil, pyraflufen-ethyl, pyrasulfotole, pyrazogyl, pyrazolynate, pyrazoxyfen, pyrazosulfuron-ethyl, pyribenzoxim, pyributicarb, pyridate, pyriftalid, pyriminobac-methyl, pyrimisulfan, pyrithiobac, pyrithiobac-sodium, pyroxasulfone, pyroxsulam, quinclorac, quinmerac, quinoclamine, quizalofop-ethyl, quizalofop-P-ethyl, quizalofop-P-tefuryl, rimsulfuron, saflufenacil, sethoxydim, siduron, simazine, simetryn, sulcotrione, sulfentrazone, sulfometuron-methyl, sulfosulfuron, 2,3,6-TBA, TCA, TCA-sodium, tebutam, tebuthiuron, tefuryltrione, tembotrione, tepraloxydim, terbacil, terbumeton, terbuthylazine, terbutryn, thenylchlor, thiazopyr, thiencarbazone, thifensulfuron-methyl, thiobencarb, tiafenacil, tiocarbazil, topramezone, tralkoxydim, tri-allate, triafamone, triasulfuron, triaziflam, tribenuron-methyl, triclopyr, triclopyr-butotyl, triclopyr-tri ethyl ammonium, tridiphane, trietazine, trifloxysulfuron, trifluralin, triflusulfuron-methyl, tritosulfuron, vernolate, 3-(2-chloro-3,6-difluorophenyl)-4-hydroxy-1-methyl-1,5-naphthyridin-2(1H)-one, 5-chloro-3-[(2-hydroxy-6-oxo-1-cyclohexen-1-yl)carbonyl]-1-(4-methoxyphenyl)-2(1H)-quinoxalinone, 2-chloro-N-(1-methyl-1H-tetrazol-5-yl)-6-(trifluoromethyl)-3-pyridinecarboxamide, 7-(3, 5-dichloro-4-pyridinyl)-5-(2,2-difluoroethyl)-8-hydroxypyrido[2,3-b]pyrazin-6(5H)-one), 4-(2,6-diethyl-4-methylphenyl)-5-hydroxy-2,6-dimethyl-3 (2H)-pyridazinone), 5-[[(2, 6-difluorophenyl)methoxy]methyl]-4,5-dihydro-5-methyl-3-(3-methyl-2-thienyl)isoxazole (previously methioxolin), 3-[7-fluoro-3,4-dihydro-3-oxo-4-(2-propyn-1-yl)-2H-1,4-benzoxazin-6-yl]dihydro-1,5-dimethyl-6-thioxo-1,3,5-triazine-2,4(1H,3H)-dione, 4-(4-fluorophenyl)-6-[(2-hydroxy-6-oxo-1-cyclohexen-1-yl)carbonyl]-2-methyl-1,2,4-triazine-3,5(2H,4H)-dione, methyl 4-amino-3-chloro-6-(4-chloro-2-fluoro-3-methoxyphenyl)-5-fluoro-2-pyridinecarboxylate, 2-methyl-3-(methylsulfonyl)-N-(1-methyl-1H-tetrazol-5-yl)-4-(trifluoromethyl)benzamide and 2-methyl-N-(4-methyl-1,2,5-oxadiazol-3-yl)-3-(methyl sulfinyl)-4-(trifluoromethyl)benzamide. Other herbicides also include bioherbicides such as Alternaria destruens Simmons, Colletotrichum gloeosporiodes (Penz.) Penz. & Sacc., Drechsiera monoceras (MTB-951), Myrothecium verrucaria (Albertini & Schweinitz) Ditmar: Fries, Phytophthora palmivora (Butl.) Butl. and Puccinia thlaspeos Schub.

Compounds of this invention can also be used in combination with plant growth regulators such as aviglycine, N-(phenylmethyl)-1H-purin-6-amine, epocholeone, gibberellic acid, gibberellin A₄ and A₇, harpin protein, mepiquat chloride, prohexadione calcium, prohydrojasmon, sodium nitrophenolate and trinexapac-methyl, and plant growth modifying organisms such as Bacillus cereus strain BP01.

General references for agricultural protectants (i.e. herbicides, herbicide safeners, insecticides, fungicides, nematocides, acaricides and biological agents) include The Pesticide Manual, 13th Edition, C. D. S. Tomlin, Ed., British Crop Protection Council, Farnham, Surrey, U.K., 2003 and The BioPesticide Manual, 2nd Edition, L. G. Copping, Ed., British Crop Protection Council, Farnham, Surrey, U.K., 2001.

For embodiments where one or more of these various mixing partners are used, the weight ratio of these various mixing partners (in total) to the compound of Formula 1 is typically between about 1:3000 and about 3000:1. Of note are weight ratios between about 1:300 and about 300:1 (for example ratios between about 1:30 and about 30:1). One skilled in the art can easily determine through simple experimentation the biologically effective amounts of active ingredients necessary for the desired spectrum of biological activity. It will be evident that including these additional components may expand the spectrum of weeds controlled beyond the spectrum controlled by the compound of Formula 1 alone.

In certain instances, combinations of a compound of this invention with other biologically active (particularly herbicidal) compounds or agents (i.e. active ingredients) can result in a greater-than-additive (i.e. synergistic) effect on weeds and/or a less-than-additive effect (i.e. safening) on crops or other desirable plants. Reducing the quantity of active ingredients released in the environment while ensuring effective pest control is always desirable. Ability to use greater amounts of active ingredients to provide more effective weed control without excessive crop injury is also desirable. When synergism of herbicidal active ingredients occurs on weeds at application rates giving agronomically satisfactory levels of weed control, such combinations can be advantageous for reducing crop production cost and decreasing environmental load. When safening of herbicidal active ingredients occurs on crops, such combinations can be advantageous for increasing crop protection by reducing weed competition.

Of note is a combination of a compound of the invention with at least one other herbicidal active ingredient. Of particular note is such a combination where the other herbicidal active ingredient has different site of action from the compound of the invention. In certain instances, a combination with at least one other herbicidal active ingredient having a similar spectrum of control but a different site of action will be particularly advantageous for resistance management. Thus, a composition of the present invention can further comprise (in a herbicidally effective amount) at least one additional herbicidal active ingredient having a similar spectrum of control but a different site of action.

Compounds of this invention can also be used in combination with herbicide safeners such as allidochlor, benoxacor, cloquintocet-mexyl, cumyluron, cyometrinil, cyprosulfonamide, daimuron, dichlormid, dicyclonon, dietholate, dimepiperate, fenchlorazole-ethyl, fenclorim, flurazole, fluxofenim, furilazole, isoxadifen-ethyl, mefenpyr-diethyl, mephenate, methoxyphenone naphthalic anhydride (1,8-naphthalic anhydride), oxabetrinil, N-(aminocarbonyl)-2-methylbenzenesulfonamide, N-(aminocarbonyl)-2-fluorobenzenesulfonamide, 1-bromo-4-[(chloromethyl)sulfonyl]benzene (BCS), 4-(dichloroacetyl)-1-oxa-4-azospiro[4.5]decane (MON 4660), 2-(dichloromethyl)-2-methyl-1,3-dioxolane (MG 191), ethyl 1,6-dihydro-1-(2-methoxyphenyl)-6-oxo-2-phenyl-5-pyrimidinecarboxylate, 2-hydroxy-N,N-dimethyl-6-(trifluoromethyl)pyridine-3-carboxamide, and 3-oxo-1-cyclohexen-1-yl 1-(3,4-dimethylphenyl)-1,6-dihydro-6-oxo-2-phenyl-5-pyrimidinecarboxylate to increase safety to certain crops. Antidotally effective amounts of the herbicide safeners can be applied at the same time as the compounds of this invention, or applied as seed treatments. Therefore an aspect of the present invention relates to a herbicidal mixture comprising a compound of this invention and an antidotally effective amount of a herbicide safener. Seed treatment is particularly useful for selective weed control, because it physically restricts antidoting to the crop plants. Therefore a particularly useful embodiment of the present invention is a method for selectively controlling the growth of undesired vegetation in a crop comprising contacting the locus of the crop with a herbicidally effective amount of a compound of this invention wherein seed from which the crop is grown is treated with an antidotally effective amount of safener. Antidotally effective amounts of safeners can be easily determined by one skilled in the art through simple experimentation.

Of note is a composition comprising a compound of the invention (in a herbicidally effective amount), at least one additional active ingredient selected from the group consisting of other herbicides and herbicide safeners (in an effective amount), and at least one component selected from the group consisting of surfactants, solid diluents and liquid diluents.

Table A1 lists specific combinations of a Component (a) with Component (b) illustrative of the mixtures, compositions and methods of the present invention. Compound 1 in the Component (a) column is identified in Index Table A. The second column of Table A1 lists the specific Component (b) compound (e.g., “2,4-D” in the first line). The third, fourth and fifth columns of Table A1 lists ranges of weight ratios for rates at which the Component (a) compound is typically applied to a field-grown crop relative to Component (b) (i.e. (a):(b)). Thus, for example, the first line of Table A1 specifically discloses the combination of Component (a) (i.e. Compound 1 in Index Table A) with 2,4-D is typically applied in a weight ratio between 1:168-6:1. The remaining lines of Table A1 are to be construed similarly.

TABLE A1 Component (a) Typical More Typical Most Typical (Compound #) Component (b) Weight Ratio Weight Ratio Weight Ratio 1 2,4-D 1:168 to 6:1 1:56 to 2:1 1:16 to 1:2 1 Acetochlor 1:672 to 2:1 1:224 to 1:3 1:67 to 1:8 1 Acifluorfen 1:84 to 11:1 1:28 to 4:1 1:8 to 2:1 1 Aclonifen 1:750 to 2:1 1:250 to 1:3 1:75 to 1:9 1 Alachlor 1:672 to 2:1 1:224 to 1:3 1:67 to 1:8 1 Ametryn 1:336 to 3:1 1:112 to 1:2 1:33 to 1:4 1 Amicarbazone 1:168 to 6:1 1:56 to 2:1 1:16 to 1:2 1 Amidosulfuron 1:6 to 150:1 1:2 to 50:1 1:1 to 15:1 1 Aminocyclopyrachlor 1:42 to 22:1 1:14 to 8:1 1:4 to 3:1 1 Aminopyralid 1:18 to 50:1 1:6 to 17:1 1:1 to 5:1 1 Amitrole 1:672 to 2:1 1:224 to 1:3 1:67 to 1:8 1 Anilofos 1:84 to 11:1 1:28 to 4:1 1:8 to 2:1 1 Asulam 1:840 to 2:1 1:280 to 1:3 1:84 to 1:10 1 Atrazine 1:168 to 6:1 1:56 to 2:1 1:16 to 1:2 1 Azimsulfuron 1:6 to 150:1 1:2 to 50:1 1:1 to 15:1 1 Beflubutamid 1:300 to 3:1 1:100 to 1:1 1:30 to 1:4 1 Benfuresate 1:540 to 2:1 1:180 to 1:2 1:54 to 1:6 1 Bensulfuron-methyl 1:22 to 40:1 1:7 to 14:1 1:2 to 4:1 1 Bentazon 1:168 to 6:1 1:56 to 2:1 1:16 to 1:2 1 Benzobicyclon 1:75 to 12:1 1:25 to 4:1 1:7 to 2:1 1 Benzofenap 1:225 to 4:1 1:75 to 2:1 1:22 to 1:3 1 Bicyclopyrone 1:37 to 24:1 1:12 to 8:1 1:3 to 3:1 1 Bifenox 1:225 to 4:1 1:75 to 2:1 1:22 to 1:3 1 Bispyribac-sodium 1:9 to 100:1 1:3 to 34:1 1:1 to 10:1 1 Bromacil 1:336 to 3:1 1:112 to 1:2 1:33 to 1:4 1 Bromobutide 1:336 to 3:1 1:112 to 1:2 1:33 to 1:4 1 Bromoxynil 1:84 to 11:1 1:28 to 4:1 1:8 to 2:1 1 Butachlor 1:672 to 2:1 1:224 to 1:3 1:67 to 1:8 1 Butafenacil 1:37 to 24:1 1:12 to 8:1 1:3 to 3:1 1 Butylate 1:1350 to 1:2 1:450 to 1:5 1:135 to 1:15 1 Carfenstrole 1:168 to 6:1 1:56 to 2:1 1:16 to 1:2 1 Carfentrazone-ethyl 1:112 to 8:1 1:37 to 3:1 1:11 to 1:2 1 Chlorimuron-ethyl 1:7 to 120:1 1:2 to 40:1 1:1 to 12:1 1 Chlorotoluron 1:672 to 2:1 1:224 to 1:3 1:67 to 1:8 1 Chlorsulfuron 1:6 to 150:1 1:2 to 50:1 1:1 to 15:1 1 Cincosulfuron 1:15 to 60:1 1:5 to 20:1 1:1 to 6:1 1 Cinidon-ethyl 1:336 to 3:1 1:112 to 1:2 1:33 to 1:4 1 Cinmethylin 1:30 to 30:1 1:10 to 10:1 1:3 to 3:1 1 Clacyfos 1:84 to 6:1 1:28 to 2:1 1:16 to 1:2 1 Clethodim 1:42 to 22:1 1:14 to 8:1 1:4 to 3:1 1 Clodinafop-propargyl 1:18 to 50:1 1:6 to 17:1 1:1 to 5:1 1 Clomazone 1:336 to 3:1 1:112 to 1:2 1:33 to 1:4 1 Clomeprop 1:150 to 6:1 1:50 to 2:1 1:15 to 1:2 1 Clopyralid 1:168 to 6:1 1:56 to 2:1 1:16 to 1:2 1 Cloransulam-methyl 1:10 to 86:1 1:3 to 29:1 1:1 to 9:1 1 Cumyluron 1:336 to 3:1 1:112 to 1:2 1:33 to 1:4 1 Cyanazine 1:336 to 3:1 1:112 to 1:2 1:33 to 1:4 1 Cyclopyrimorate 1:15 to 60:1 1:5 to 20:1 1:1 to 6:1 1 Cyclosulfamuron 1:15 to 60:1 1:5 to 20:1 1:1 to 6:1 1 Cycloxydim 1:84 to 11:1 1:28 to 4:1 1:8 to 2:1 1 Cyhalofop 1:22 to 40:1 1:7 to 14:1 1:2 to 4:1 1 Daimuron 1:168 to 6:1 1:56 to 2:1 1:16 to 1:2 1 Desmedipham 1:282 to 4:1 1:94 to 2:1 1:28 to 1:4 1 Dicamba 1:168 to 6:1 1:56 to 2:1 1:16 to 1:2 1 Dichlobenil 1:1200 to 1:2 1:400 to 1:4 1:120 to 1:14 1 Dichlorprop 1:810 to 2:1 1:270 to 1:3 1:81 to 1:9 1 Diclofop-methyl 1:336 to 3:1 1:112 to 1:2 1:33 to 1:4 1 Diclosulam 1:9 to 100:1 1:3 to 34:1 1:1 to 10:1 1 Difenzoquat 1:252 to 4:1 1:84 to 2:1 1:25 to 1:3 1 Diflufenican 1:750 to 2:1 1:250 to 1:3 1:75 to 1:9 1 Diflufenzopyr 1:10 to 86:1 1:3 to 29:1 1:1 to 9:1 1 Dimethachlor 1:672 to 2:1 1:224 to 1:3 1:67 to 1:8 1 Dimethametryn 1:168 to 6:1 1:56 to 2:1 1:16 to 1:2 1 Dimethenamid-p 1:336 to 3:1 1:112 to 1:2 1:33 to 1:4 1 Dithiopyr 1:168 to 6:1 1:56 to 2:1 1:16 to 1:2 1 Diuron 1:336 to 3:1 1:112 to 1:2 1:33 to 1:4 1 EPTC 1:672 to 2:1 1:224 to 1:3 1:67 to 1:8 1 Esprocarb 1:1200 to 1:2 1:400 to 1:4 1:120 to 1:14 1 Ethalfluralin 1:336 to 3:1 1:112 to 1:2 1:33 to 1:4 1 Ethametsulfuron-methyl 1:15 to 60:1 1:5 to 20:1 1:1 to 6:1 1 Ethoxyfen 1:7 to 120:1 1:2 to 40:1 1:1 to 12:1 1 Ethoxysulfuron 1:18 to 50:1 1:6 to 17:1 1:1 to 5:1 1 Etobenzanid 1:225 to 4:1 1:75 to 2:1 1:22 to 1:3 1 Fenoxaprop-ethyl 1:105 to 9:1 1:35 to 3:1 1:10 to 1:2 1 Fenoxasulfone 1:75 to 12:1 1:25 to 4:1 1:7 to 2:1 1 Fenquinotrione 1:15 to 60:1 1:5 to 20:1 1:1 to 6:1 1 Fentrazamide 1:15 to 60:1 1:5 to 20:1 1:1 to 6:1 1 Flazasulfuron 1:15 to 60:1 1:5 to 20:1 1:1 to 6:1 1 Florasulam 1:2 to 375:1 1:1 to 125:1 4:1 to 38:1 1 Fluazifop-butyl 1:168 to 6:1 1:56 to 2:1 1:16 to 1:2 1 Flucalbazone 1:7 to 120:1 1:2 to 40:1 1:1 to 12:1 1 Flucetosulfuron 1:7 to 120:1 1:2 to 40:1 1:1 to 12:1 1 Flufenacet 1:225 to 4:1 1:75 to 2:1 1:22 to 1:3 1 Flumetsulam 1:21 to 43:1 1:7 to 15:1 1:2 to 5:1 1 Flumiclorac-pentyl 1:9 to 100:1 1:3 to 34:1 1:1 to 10:1 1 Flumioxazin 1:22 to 40:1 1:7 to 14:1 1:2 to 4:1 1 Fluometuron 1:336 to 3:1 1:112 to 1:2 1:33 to 1:4 1 Flupyrsulfuron-methyl 1:3 to 300:1 1:1 to 100:1 3:1 to 30:1 1 Fluridone 1:336 to 3:1 1:112 to 1:2 1:33 to 1:4 1 Fluroxypyr-meptyl 1:84 to 11:1 1:28 to 4:1 1:8 to 2:1 1 Flurtamone 1:750 to 2:1 1:250 to 1:3 1:75 to 1:9 1 Fluthiacet-methyl 1:42 to 38:1 1:14 to 13:1 1:2 to 5:1 1 Fomesafen 1:84 to 11:1 1:28 to 4:1 1:8 to 2:1 1 Foramsulfuron 1:12 to 75:1 1:4 to 25:1 1:1 to 8:1 1 Glufosinate 1:252 to 4:1 1:84 to 2:1 1:25 to 1:3 1 Glyphosate 1:252 to 4:1 1:84 to 2:1 1:25 to 1:3 1 Halauxifen 1:18 to 50:1 1:6 to 17:1 1:1 to 5:1 1 Halauxifen-methyl 1:18 to 50:1 1:6 to 17:1 1:1 to 5:1 1 Halosulfuron-methyl 1:15 to 60:1 1:5 to 20:1 1:1 to 6:1 1 Haloxyfop-methyl 1:30 to 30:1 1:10 to 10:1 1:3 to 3:1 1 Hexazinone 1:168 to 6:1 1:56 to 2:1 1:16 to 1:2 1 Imazamox 1:12 to 75:1 1:4 to 25:1 1:1 to 8:1 1 Imazapic 1:18 to 50:1 1:6 to 17:1 1:1 to 5:1 1 Imazapyr 1:75 to 12:1 1:25 to 4:1 1:7 to 2:1 1 Imazaquin 1:30 to 30:1 1:10 to 10:1 1:3 to 3:1 1 Imazethabenz-methyl 1:150 to 6:1 1:50 to 2:1 1:15 to 1:2 1 Imazethapyr 1:21 to 43:1 1:7 to 15:1 1:2 to 5:1 1 Imazosulfuron 1:24 to 38:1 1:8 to 13:1 1:2 to 4:1 1 Indanofan 1:300 to 3:1 1:100 to 1:1 1:30 to 1:4 1 Indaziflam 1:22 to 40:1 1:7 to 14:1 1:2 to 4:1 1 Iodosulfuron-methyl 1:3 to 300:1 1:1 to 100:1 3:1 to 30:1 1 Ioxynil 1:168 to 6:1 1:56 to 2:1 1:16 to 1:2 1 Ipfencalbazone 1:75 to 12:1 1:25 to 4:1 1:7 to 2:1 1 Isoproturon 1:336 to 3:1 1:112 to 1:2 1:33 to 1:4 1 Isoxaben 1:252 to 4:1 1:84 to 2:1 1:25 to 1:3 1 Isoxaflutole 1:52 to 18:1 1:17 to 6:1 1:5 to 2:1 1 Lactofen 1:37 to 24:1 1:12 to 8:1 1:3 to 3:1 1 Lenacil 1:336 to 3:1 1:112 to 1:2 1:33 to 1:4 1 Linuron 1:336 to 3:1 1:112 to 1:2 1:33 to 1:4 1 MCPA 1:168 to 6:1 1:56 to 2:1 1:16 to 1:2 1 MCPB 1:252 to 4:1 1:84 to 2:1 1:25 to 1:3 1 Mecoprop 1:672 to 2:1 1:224 to 1:3 1:67 to 1:8 1 Mefenacet 1:336 to 3:1 1:112 to 1:2 1:33 to 1:4 1 Mefluidide 1:168 to 6:1 1:56 to 2:1 1:16 to 1:2 1 Mesosulfuron-methyl 1:4 to 200:1 1:1 to 67:1 2:1 to 20:1 1 Mesotrione 1:37 to 24:1 1:12 to 8:1 1:3 to 3:1 1 Metamifop 1:37 to 24:1 1:12 to 8:1 1:3 to 3:1 1 Metazachlor 1:336 to 3:1 1:112 to 1:2 1:33 to 1:4 1 Metazosulfuron 1:22 to 40:1 1:7 to 14:1 1:2 to 4:1 1 Methabenzthiazuron 1:672 to 2:1 1:224 to 1:3 1:67 to 1:8 1 Metolachlor 1:672 to 2:1 1:224 to 1:3 1:67 to 1:8 1 Metosulam 1:7 to 120:1 1:2 to 40:1 1:1 to 12:1 1 Metribuzin 1:168 to 6:1 1:56 to 2:1 1:16 to 1:2 1 Metsulfuron-methyl 1:1 to 500:1 1:1 to 167:1 5:1 to 50:1 1 Molinate 1:900 to 1:1 1:300 to 1:3 1:90 to 1:10 1 Napropamide 1:336 to 3:1 1:112 to 1:2 1:33 to 1:4 1 Napropamide-M 1:168 to 6:1 1:56 to 2:1 1:16 to 1:2 1 Naptalam 1:168 to 6:1 1:56 to 2:1 1:16 to 1:2 1 Nicosulfuron 1:10 to 86:1 1:3 to 29:1 1:1 to 9:1 1 Norflurazon 1:1008 to 1:2 1:336 to 1:4 1:100 to 1:12 1 Orbencarb 1:1200 to 1:2 1:400 to 1:4 1:120 to 1:14 1 Orthosulfamuron 1:18 to 50:1 1:6 to 17:1 1:1 to 5:1 1 Oryzalin 1:450 to 2:1 1:150 to 1:2 1:45 to 1:5 1 Oxadiargyl 1:336 to 3:1 1:112 to 1:2 1:33 to 1:4 1 Oxadiazon 1:480 to 2:1 1:160 to 1:2 1:48 to 1:6 1 Oxasulfuron 1:24 to 38:1 1:8 to 13:1 1:2 to 4:1 1 Oxaziclomefone 1:37 to 24:1 1:12 to 8:1 1:3 to 3:1 1 Oxyfluorfen 1:336 to 3:1 1:112 to 1:2 1:33 to 1:4 1 Paraquat 1:168 to 6:1 1:56 to 2:1 1:16 to 1:2 1 Pendimethalin 1:336 to 3:1 1:112 to 1:2 1:33 to 1:4 1 Penoxsulam 1:9 to 100:1 1:3 to 34:1 1:1 to 10:1 1 Penthoxamid 1:336 to 3:1 1:112 to 1:2 1:33 to 1:4 1 Pentoxazone 1:90 to 10:1 1:30 to 4:1 1:9 to 1:1 1 Phenmedipham 1:90 to 10:1 1:30 to 4:1 1:9 to 1:1 1 Picloram 1:84 to 11:1 1:28 to 4:1 1:8 to 2:1 1 Picolinafen 1:30 to 30:1 1:10 to 10:1 1:3 to 3:1 1 Pinoxaden 1:22 to 40:1 1:7 to 14:1 1:2 to 4:1 1 Pretilachlor 1:168 to 6:1 1:56 to 2:1 1:16 to 1:2 1 Primisulfuron-methyl 1:7 to 120:1 1:2 to 40:1 1:1 to 12:1 1 Prodiamine 1:336 to 3:1 1:112 to 1:2 1:33 to 1:4 1 Profoxydim 1:37 to 24:1 1:12 to 8:1 1:3 to 3:1 1 Prometryn 1:336 to 3:1 1:112 to 1:2 1:33 to 1:4 1 Propachlor 1:1008 to 1:2 1:336 to 1:4 1:100 to 1:12 1 Propanil 1:336 to 3:1 1:112 to 1:2 1:33 to 1:4 1 Propaquizafop 1:42 to 22:1 1:14 to 8:1 1:4 to 3:1 1 Propoxycarbazone 1:15 to 60:1 1:5 to 20:1 1:1 to 6:1 1 Propyrisulfuron 1:15 to 60:1 1:5 to 20:1 1:1 to 6:1 1 Propyzamide 1:336 to 3:1 1:112 to 1:2 1:33 to 1:4 1 Prosulfocarb 1:1050 to 1:2 1:350 to 1:4 1:105 to 1:12 1 Prosulfuron 1:6 to 150:1 1:2 to 50:1 1:1 to 15:1 1 Pyraclonil 1:37 to 24:1 1:12 to 8:1 1:3 to 3:1 1 Pyraflufen-ethyl 1:4 to 200:1 1:1 to 67:1 2:1 to 20:1 1 Pyrasulfotole 1:12 to 75:1 1:4 to 25:1 1:1 to 8:1 1 Pyrazolynate 1:750 to 2:1 1:250 to 1:3 1:75 to 1:9 1 Pyrazosulfuron-ethyl 1:9 to 100:1 1:3 to 34:1 1:1 to 10:1 1 Pyrazoxyfen 1:4 to 200:1 1:1 to 67:1 2:1 to 20:1 1 Pyribenzoxim 1:9 to 100:1 1:3 to 34:1 1:1 to 10:1 1 Pyributicarb 1:336 to 3:1 1:112 to 1:2 1:33 to 1:4 1 Pyridate 1:252 to 4:1 1:84 to 2:1 1:25 to 1:3 1 Pyriftalid 1:9 to 100:1 1:3 to 34:1 1:1 to 10:1 1 Pyriminobac-methyl 1:18 to 50:1 1:6 to 17:1 1:1 to 5:1 1 Pyrimisulfan 1:15 to 60:1 1:5 to 20:1 1:1 to 6:1 1 Pyrithiobac 1:21 to 43:1 1:7 to 15:1 1:2 to 5:1 1 Pyroxasulfone 1:75 to 12:1 1:25 to 4:1 1:7 to 2:1 1 Pyroxsulam 1:4 to 200:1 1:1 to 67:1 2:1 to 20:1 1 Quinclorac 1:168 to 6:1 1:56 to 2:1 1:16 to 1:2 1 Quizalofop-ethyl 1:37 to 24:1 1:12 to 8:1 1:3 to 3:1 1 Rimsulfuron 1:12 to 75:1 1:4 to 25:1 1:1 to 8:1 1 Saflufenacil 1:22 to 40:1 1:7 to 14:1 1:2 to 4:1 1 Sethoxydim 1:84 to 11:1 1:28 to 4:1 1:8 to 2:1 1 Simazine 1:336 to 3:1 1:112 to 1:2 1:33 to 1:4 1 Sulcotrione 1:105 to 9:1 1:35 to 3:1 1:10 to 1:2 1 Sulfentrazone 1:129 to 7:1 1:43 to 3:1 1:12 to 1:2 1 Sulfometuron-methyl 1:30 to 30:1 1:10 to 10:1 1:3 to 3:1 1 Sulfosulfuron 1:7 to 120:1 1:2 to 40:1 1:1 to 12:1 1 Tebuthiuron 1:336 to 3:1 1:112 to 1:2 1:33 to 1:4 1 Tefuryltrione 1:37 to 24:1 1:12 to 8:1 1:3 to 3:1 1 Tembotrione 1:27 to 33:1 1:9 to 11:1 1:2 to 4:1 1 Tepraloxydim 1:22 to 40:1 1:7 to 14:1 1:2 to 4:1 1 Terbacil 1:252 to 4:1 1:84 to 2:1 1:25 to 1:3 1 Terbuthylatrazine 1:750 to 2:1 1:250 to 1:3 1:75 to 1:9 1 Terbutryn 1:168 to 6:1 1:56 to 2:1 1:16 to 1:2 1 Thenylchlor 1:75 to 12:1 1:25 to 4:1 1:7 to 2:1 1 Thiazopyr 1:336 to 3:1 1:112 to 1:2 1:33 to 1:4 1 Thiencarbazone 1:3 to 300:1 1:1 to 100:1 3:1 to 30:1 1 Thifensulfuron-methyl 1:4 to 200:1 1:1 to 67:1 2:1 to 20:1 1 Thiobencarb 1:672 to 2:1 1:224 to 1:3 1:67 to 1:8 1 Topramazone 1:6 to 150:1 1:2 to 50:1 1:1 to 15:1 1 Tralkoxydim 1:60 to 15:1 1:20 to 5:1 1:6 to 2:1 1 Triafamone 1:3 to 38:1 1:1 to 13:1 1:1 to 8:1 1 Triallate 1:672 to 2:1 1:224 to 1:3 1:67 to 1:8 1 Triasulfuron 1:4 to 200:1 1:1 to 67:1 2:1 to 20:1 1 Triaziflam 1:150 to 6:1 1:50 to 2:1 1:15 to 1:2 1 Tribenuron-methyl 1:3 to 300:1 1:1 to 100:1 3:1 to 30:1 1 Triclopyr 1:168 to 6:1 1:56 to 2:1 1:16 to 1:2 1 Trifloxysulfuron 1:2 to 375:1 1:1 to 125:1 4:1 to 38:1 1 Trifluralin 1:252 to 4:1 1:84 to 2:1 1:25 to 1:3 1 Triflusulfuron-methyl 1:15 to 60:1 1:5 to 20:1 1:1 to 6:1 1 Tritosulfuron 1:12 to 75:1 1:4 to 25:1 1:1 to 8:1

Table A2 is constructed the same as Table A1 above except that entries below the “Component (a)” column heading are replaced with the respective Component (a) Column Entry shown below. Compound 1 in the Component (a) column is identified in Index Table A. Thus, for example, in Table A2 the entries below the “Component (a)” column heading all recite “Compound 12” (i.e. Compound 12 identified in Index Table A), and the first line below the column headings in Table A2 specifically discloses a mixture of Compound 12 with 2,4-D. Tables A3 through A9 are constructed similarly.

Table Number Component (a) Column Entries A2 Compound 12 A3 Compound 15 A4 Compound 21 A5 Compound 23 A6 Compound 24 A7 Compound 27 A8 Compound 32 A9 Compound 42 A10 Compound 35 A11 Compound 53 A12 Compound 55 A13 Compound 62 A14 Compound 63 A15 Compound 144 A16 Compound 145 A17 Compound 168 A18 Compound 200

Preferred for better control of undesired vegetation (e.g., lower use rate such as from synergism, broader spectrum of weeds controlled, or enhanced crop safety) or for preventing the development of resistant weeds are mixtures of a compound of this invention with a herbicide selected from the group consisting of chlorimuron-ethyl, nicosulfuron, diuron, hexazinoe, thifensulfuron-methyl and S-metolachlor.

The compounds of the present invention are useful for the control of weed species that are resistant to herbicides with the AHAS-inhibitor or (b2) [chemical compound that inhibits acetohydroxy acid synthase (AHAS), also known as acetolactate synthase (ALS)] mode of action.

The following Tests demonstrate the control efficacy of the compounds of this invention against specific weeds. The weed control afforded by the compounds is not limited, however, to these species. See Index Table A for compound descriptions. Mass spectra are reported as the molecular weight of the highest isotopic abundance parent ion (M+1) formed by addition of H⁺ (molecular weight of 1) to the molecule, observed by mass spectrometry using atmospheric pressure chemical ionization (AP⁺) or electrospray ionization (ESI). The following abbreviations are used in the Index Table A which follow: Ph is phenyl, pyridyl is pyridinyl, OEt is ethoxy, CN is cyano, CHO is formyl, t-Bu is tertiary-butyl, i-Pr is iso-propyl, c-Pr is cyclopropyl, Me is methyl, Et is ethyl and C(═O)CH₃ is acyl. The abbreviation “Ex.” stands for “Example” and is followed by a number indicating in which example the compound is prepared.

INDEX TABLE A 1

M.S.(AP+) No. Q R² (R³)_(m) or m.p. 1 5-Cl-2-pyridyl Cl m = 0 * 2 6-N(CH₃)₂-3-pyridyl Cl m = 0  327^(a) 3 5-Cl-2-pyrimidinyl Cl m = 0  320^(a) 4 3-pyridyl Cl m = 0  285^(a) 5 1,3,4-oxadiazol-2-yl Br m = 0 319 6 1,3,4-oxadiazol-2-yl Cl m = 0 275 7 5-oxazolyl Cl m = 0  274^(a) 8 4-thiazolyl Cl m = 0 290 9 5-thiazolyl Cl m = 0 290 10 1-CH₃-1H-pyrazol-3-yl Cl m = 0 * 11 1-CH₃-1H-pyrazol-4-yl Cl m = 0 * 12 3-Br-5-isoxazolyl Cl m = 0 352 13 5-thiazolyl CF₃ m = 0 324 14 4-thiazolyl CF₃ m = 0 324 15 2-Br-5-thiazolyl CF₃ m = 0 402 16 6-Cl-2-pyridyl Cl m = 0   319^(a)* 17 6-Cl-2-pyridyl Br m = 0   363^(a)* 18 4-Cl-2-pyrimidinyl Cl m = 0   320^(a)* 19 6-CF₃-2-pyridyl Cl m = 0   352^(a)* 20 2-CF₃-4-pyrmidinyl Cl m = 0   353^(a)* 21 2-CF₃-4-pyrmidinyl Br m = 0   398^(a)* 22 6-CF₃-3-pyridyl Cl 4-CH₃  366^(a) 23 5-Cl-2-pyridyl Cl 3-Cl * 24 2-CF₃-4-pyridyl Cl 4-CH₃ 366 25 4-CF₃-2-pyridyl Cl m = 0 352 26 4-CF₃-2-pyridyl Br m = 0 397 27 5-CF₃-2-pyridyl Cl m = 0 352 28 5-CF₃-2-pyridyl Br m = 0 397 29 1-CH₃-3-CF₃-1H-pyrazol-5-yl Cl m = 0 355 30 1-CH₃-3-CF₃-1H-pyrazol-5-yl Br m = 0 399 31 5-CH₂OH-3-isoxazolyl Cl m = 0 304 32 5-CH₂F-3-isoxazolyl Cl m = 0 306 33 5-CHO-3-isoxazolyl Cl m = 0 302 34 5-CH₂Cl-3-isoxazolyl Cl m = 0 322 35 5-CF₂H-3-isoxazolyl Cl m = 0 324 36 5-CH₂CN-3-isoxazolyl Cl m = 0  311^(b) 37 5-CH═NOH-3-isoxazolyl Cl m = 0 317 38 5-CN-3-isoxazolyl Cl m = 0  299^(a) 39 3-CF₃—Ph Cl 4-CH₃ 365 40 3-OCF₃—Ph Cl m = 0   367^(a)* 41 3,5-di-Cl-Ph Cl m = 0  352^(a) 42 4-OCF₃—Ph Cl m = 0  367^(a) 43 4-CF₃—Ph Cl m = 0  351^(a) 44 3-OCF₃—Ph Cl 4-CH₃   381^(a)* 45 3-OCF₃—Ph Cl 6-OCF₃  397^(a) 46 3-OCF₃—Ph Cl 3-F   385^(a)* 47 1-methyl-1H-tetrazol-5-yl Cl m = 0 289 48 2-methyl-2H-tetrazol-5-yl Cl m = 0 289 49 1-methyl-1H-tetrazol-5-yl Br m = 0 334 50 2-methyl-2H-tetrazol-5-yl Br m = 0 334 51 1-methyl-1H-1,2,3-triazol-4-yl Cl m = 0 288 52 1-methyl-1H-1,2,3-triazol-5-yl Cl m = 0 288 53 3-CHF₂-5-isoxazolyl Cl m = 0 324 54 6-CF₃-4-pyrimidinyl Cl m = 0 * 55 5-CHF₂-3-isoxazolyl Cl 3-F 96-98 56 5-CHO-3-isoxazolyl Cl 3-F 137-139 57 5-CH₂F-3-isoxazolyl Cl 3-F 324 58 3-CH₃-5-isoxazolyl Cl m = 0 288 59 5-(t-Bu)-3-isoxazolyl Cl m = 0 330 60 5-CH₃-3-isoxazolyl Cl m = 0 288 61 2-oxazolyl Cl m = 0 274 62 5-CHF₂-3-isoxazolyl Br m = 0 89-93 63 3-CF₃-5-isoxazolyl Cl m = 0 342 64 3-CF₃-5-isoxazolyl Br m = 0 388 65 3-CHF₂-5-isoxazolyl Cl 5-F 342 66 3-CHF₂-5-isoxazolyl Br 5-F 387 67 3-CClF₂-5-isoxazolyl Cl m = 0 359 68 3-CHF₂-5-isoxazolyl Cl 6-F 342 69 3-CHF₂-5-isoxazolyl Br 6-F 387 70 2-CH₃-4-oxazolyl Cl m = 0 288 71 2-CF₃-4-pyridinyl Cl m = 0 352 72 2-CF₃-4-pyridinyl Br m = 0 396 73 1-(i-Pr)-1H-1,2,4-triazol-3-yl Cl m = 0 316 74 3-(c-Pr)-5-isoxazolyl Cl m = 0 314 75 3-CHF₂-5-isoxazolyl Cl 4-F 342 76 3-CHF₂-5-isoxazolyl Br 4-F 387 77 3,5-di-Me-4-isoxazolyl Cl 3-F 320 78 3,5-di-Me-4-isoxazolyl Cl m = 0 302 79 2-CH₂CF₃-2H-1,2,4-triazol-3-yl Cl m = 0 102-106 80 2-CF₃-4-pyridinyl F m = 0 336 81 2-CF₃-4-pyridinyl Cl 3-F 370 82 2-CF₃-4-pyridnyl Br 3-F 414 83 2-CF₃-4-pyridinyl CH₃ 3-F 350 84 3-CF₃-5-isoxazolyl Cl 4-F 360 85 3-CF₃-5-isoxazolyl Br 4-F 405 86 5-(C≡CH)-3-isoxazolyl Cl m = 0 156-160 87 2-CF₃-4-pyridinyl F 3-F 354 88 5-(OCH₂CF₂H)-3-oxazolyl Cl m = 0 352 89 1-Et-3-CF₃-1H-pyrazol-5-yl Cl 3-CN 394 90 1-(i-Pr)-3-CF₃-1H-pyrazol-5-yl Cl 3-CN 408 91 5-(CH═CF₂)-3-isoxazolyl Cl 3-F 354 92 3-(c-Pr)-5-isoxazolyl Br m = 0 359 93 1-CH₂CF₃-1H-1,2,4-triazol-3-yl Cl m = 0 155-158 94 5-(OCH₂CF₃)-3-isoxazolyl Cl m = 0 85-89 95 3-CHF₂-5-isoxazolyl CF₃ 3-F 376 96 5-CHF₂-3-isoxazolyl Cl 3-Cl, 4-F 376 97 5-CHCl₂-3-isoxaozlyl Cl m = 0 88-91 98 3-CHF₂-5-isoxazolyl CF₃ m = 0 358 99 5-(C≡CCF₃)-3-isoxazolyl Cl m = 0 63-65 100 3-CHF₂-1,2,4-oxadiazol-5-yl Cl m = 0 107-109 101 3-CHF₂-5-isoxazolyl Cl 3-CH₃ 338 102 3-CHF₂-5-isoxazolyl Br 3-CH₃ 383 103 3-CHF₂-5-isoxazolyl Cl 3-OMe 354 104 3-CF₃-5-isoxazolyl Cl 3-OMe 372 105 5-CF₃-3-isoxazolyl Cl 3-OMe 372 106 5-CH₃-1,3,4-oxadiazol-2-yl Cl m = 0 289 107 3-CHF₂-5-isoxazolyl Cl 3,5-di-F 358 108 3-CH(OEt)₂-5-isoxazolyl Cl m = 0  398^(c) 109 5-CHF₂-3-isoxazolyl Cl 3-OMe 354 110 3-CH₃-5-isoxazolyl Cl 3-OMe 318 111 3-CH₃-5-isoxazolyl F 3-OMe 302 112 3-thienyl Cl 3-CN 103-105 113 5-CHF₂-3-isoxazolyl Cl 3,4-di-F 102-105 114 5-CHF₂-3-isoxazolyl Cl 3-Br, 4-F 420 115 1-CH₃-1H-1,2,4-triazol-3-yl Cl m = 0 119-122 116 5-CHClF-3-isoxazolyl Cl m = 0 108-112 117 1-CH₃-1H-1,2,4-triazol-5-yl Cl m = 0 134-138 118 5-CHF₂-3-isoxazolyl Br 3-F 386 119 3-Br-5-isoxazolyl Br m = 0 398 120 3-CHF₂-5-isoxazolyl Cl 3-Cl 359 121 3-CHF₂-5-isoxazolyl Br 3-Cl 403 122 5-(c-Pr)-1,3,4-oxadiazol-2-yl Cl m = 0 315 123 1-(i-Pr)-1H-1,2,4-triazol-5-yl Cl m = 0 316 124 3-CF₃-5-isoxazolyl Cl 5-F 360 125 3-CF₃-5-isoxazolyl Br 5-F 405 126 3-CF₃-5-isoxazolyl Cl 3-Cl 377 127 3-CF₃-5-isoxazolyl Br 3-Cl 421 128 3-(CH₂OCH₂CF₃)-5-isoxazolyl Cl m = 0 386 129 3-(CH₂OCH₂CF₃)-5-isoxazolyl Br m = 0  430^(a) 130 5-(c-Pr)-3-isoxazolyl Cl 3-F 332 131 5-CHF₂-3-isoxazolyl Cl 3-OCHF₂ 390 132 3-CHF₂-5-isoxazolyl Cl 3-OCHF₂ 390 133 5-CHFCF₃-3-isoxazolyl Cl m = 0 374 134 3,5-di-Me-4-isoxazolyl Cl 3-CN * 135 5-Cl-2-pyridinyl Cl 3-Br * 136 2-Me-5-CF₃-2H-pyrazol-3-yl Cl 3-CN 380 137 4-CF₃-2-thiazolyl Cl m = 0 358 138 4-CF₃-2-thiazolyl I m = 0 450 139 4-CF₃-2-thiazolyl Br m = 0 403 140 5-CHO-3-furanoyl Cl m = 0 * 141 5-CHF₂-3-furanyl Cl m = 0 * 142 5-CF₂CF₃-3-isoxazolyl Cl m = 0 392 143 5-CF₂Cl-3-isoxazolyl Cl m = 0 358 144 3-CHF₂-5-isoxazolyl Cl 3-F 342 145 3-CHF₂-5-isoxazolyl Br 3-F 387 146 1-Me-5-CF₃-1H-pyrazol-4-yl Cl 3-CN 380 147 1-Me-5-CF₃-1H-pyrazol-3-yl Cl 3-Br 434 148 5-CO₂Et-3-isoxazolyl Cl m = 0 346 149 5-CF₂CH₃-3-isoxazolyl Br m = 0 * 150 5-C(═O)CH₃-3-isoxazolyl Br m = 0 360 151 1-Me-1H-imidazol-2-yl Cl m = 0 287 152 1-Me-1H-imidazol-2-yl Br m = 0 332 153 5-CH₃-3-isoxazolyl Cl m = 0 288 154 5-isoxazolyl Cl m = 0 274 155 5-isoxazolyl Br m = 0 319 156 5-CF₃-3-isoxazolyl Cl 3-I * 157 5-CF₃-3-isoxazolyl Cl 3-CN 367 158 4-CF₃-2-pyridinyl Cl 3-CN 377 159 4-CF₃-2-pyridinyl Cl 3-Cl 386 160 5-CF₃-2-pyridinyl Cl 3-Cl 386 161 1-CH₂CF₃-1H-imidazol-4-yl Cl m = 0 * 162 5-CBrF₂-3-isoxazolyl Cl m = 0 402 163 2-pyrazinyl Cl m = 0 79-82 164 2-pyrazinyl F m = 0 95-97 165 2-pyrazinyl Cl 3-F 303 166 2-pyrazinyl F 3-F 287 167 4-Me-5-CF₃-3-isoxazolyl Cl m = 0 356 168 5-CF₃-3-isoxazolyl Cl 3-F 360 169 5-CF₃-3-isoxazolyl Cl 3-Cl 376 170 5-CF₃-3-isoxazolyl Cl 3-Br 420 171 3-CH₃-5-isothiazolyl Cl m = 0 304 172 1,2,4-thiadiazol-5-yl Cl m = 0 132-135 173 5-CF₂CH₃-3-isoxazolyl CH₃ m = 0 * 174 4-Cl-2-pyridinyl Cl m = 0 319 175 4-F-2-pyridinyl Cl m = 0 302 176 3-(OCH₂CF₃)-5-isoxazolyl Cl m = 0 372 177 3-Et-5-isoxazolyl Cl m = 0 318 178 3-CF₂CH₃-5-isoxazolyl Cl m = 0 338 179 5-CHF₂-3-isoxazolyl Cl 3-Cl 358 180 5-CHF₂-3-isoxazolyl Cl 3-CN 349 181 5-Br-2-thienyl Cl m = 0 368 182 2-thienyl Cl m = 0 290 183 5-(c-Pr)-3-isoxazolyl Cl m = 0 314 184 6-CHF₂-4-pyrimidinyl Cl m = 0 334 185 3-isoxazolyl Cl m = 0 274 186 6-Cl-3-pyridazinyl Cl m = 0 319 187 4-Me-2-pyridinyl Cl m = 0 298 188 4-CN-2-pyridinyl Cl m = 0 309 189 5-Cl-3-pyridazinyl Cl m = 0 320 190 6-Cl-4-pyrimidinyl Cl m = 0 320 191 5-CH₂F-3-isoxazolyl Cl 3-Br 384 192 5-Cl-3-isothiazolyl Cl m = 0 86-88 193 5-Cl-3-isothiazolyl F m = 0 100-102 194 5-Cl-3-isothiazolyl CH₃ m = 0 78-82 195 5-CHO-3-isoxazolyl Cl 3-Br 379 196 3-C(CH3)═CH₂-5-isoxazolyl Cl m = 0 314 197 3-C(CH3)═CH₂-5-isoxazolyl Br m = 0 359 198 5-CFCl₂-3-isoxazolyl Cl m = 0 374 199 2-thiazolyl Cl m = 0 290 200 5-CF₃-3-isoxazolyl Cl m = 0 342 201 3-NO₂,5-Cl-2-pyridinyl Cl m = 0  363^(a) 202 5-Cl-2-pyridinyl Cl 3-CN 344 203 5-Cl-2-pyridinyl Cl 5-Br 398 204 5-Cl-2-pyridinyl Br 3-CN 388 205 5-Cl-2-pyridinyl Cl 3-I 445 206 5-CF₃-3-isoxazolyl F m = 0 326 207 5-Cl-2-pyridinyl F 3-CN 327 208 5-Cl-2-pyridinyl Cl 3-& 464 209 4-Br-1H-pyrazol-1-yl Cl 6-CN 377 210 3-CHF₂-5-isoxazolyl F m = 0 308 211 3-CHF₂-5-isoxazolyl CH₃ m = 0 304 212 3-CHF₂-5-isoxazolyl Br m = 0 369 213 3-CHF₂-5-isoxazolyl OMe m = 0 320 214 4-oxazolyl Cl m = 0 274 215 5-C(═O)CH₃-3-isoxazolyl Cl m = 0 316 216 4-CH₃-2-thienyl Cl m = 0 303 217 1-CH₂CF₃-1H-imidazol-1-yl Cl 3-F 373 218 3-C(═O)CH₃-5-isoxazolyl Cl m = 0 316 219 4-OMe-2-pyridinyl Cl m = 0 314 220 5-CF₂CH₃-3-isoxazolyl Cl m = 0 338 221 5-CFCl₂-3-isoxazolyl Cl 4-F 129-132 222 5-CN-3-isoxazolyl Cl 3-F 317 223 3-CN-5-isoxazolyl Cl m = 0 297 224 3-CH₂F-5-isoxazolyl Cl m = 0 306 225 3-CO₂Et-5-isoxazolyl Cl m = 0 346 226 5-CFH₂-3-isoxazolyl Cl m = 0 320 227 6-OCH₂CF₃-4-pyrimidinyl Cl m = 0 383 228 3-CF₃-5-isoxazolyl Cl 3-F 360 229 3-CH₃-5-isoxazolyl Cl 3-F 306 230 3-CH₃-5-isoxazolyl Br 3-F 351 231 3-thienyl Cl m = 0 289 232 3-thienyl Br m = 0 334 233 5-isothiazolyl Cl m = 0 290 234 5-isothiazolyl Br m = 0 335 235 5-CO₂Me-3-isoxazolyl Cl m = 0 332 236 5-CF(CH₃)₂-3-isoxazolyl Cl m = 0 334 237 1-Me-5-CF₃-1H-pyrazol-3-yl Cl m = 0 355 238 4-CH₃-2-thienyl Cl 3-CN 328 239 5-CHF₂-2-furanyl Cl m = 0 323 ^(a)ES⁺, ^(b)AP⁻, ^(c)M + Na. *See Index Table B for ¹H NMR data. & 4-Br-1H-pyrazol-1-yl

INDEX TABLE B Cmpd ¹H NMR (CDCl₃ solution unless indicated otherwise)^(z) 1 8.54 (d, 1H), 8.39 (s, 2H), 7.87 (d, 1H), 7.69 (d, 1H), 7.60 (m, 1H), 7.50 (m, 1H), 7.42 (m, 1H), 7.24 (d, 1H) 10 8.43 (s, 2H), 8.03 (m, 2H), 7.36 (m, 2H), 7.26 (m, 1H), 7.19 (m, 1H), 6.56 (s, 1H), 3.85 (s, 3H) 11 8.45 (s, 2H), 7.77 (s, 1H), 7.72 (s, 1H), 7.62 (m, 1H), 7.32 (m, 2H), 7.18 (m, 1H), 3.86 (s, 3H) 16 8.41 (s, 2H), 7.88 (m, 1H), 7.64 (m, 1H), 7.59 (m, 1H), 7.50 (m, 1H), 7.40 (m, 1H), 7.24 (m, 1H), 7.18 (m, 1H) 17 8.49 (s, 2H), 7.88 (m, 1H), 7.64 (m, 1H), 7.58 (m, 1H), 7.50 (m, 1H), 7.41 (m, 1H), 7.25 (m, 1H), 7.17 (m, 1H) 18 8.55 (m, 1H), 8.43 (s, 2H), 8.05 (m, 1H), 7.75 (m, 1H), 7.58 (m, 1H), 7.45 (m, 1H), 7.26 (m, 1H) 19 8.41 (s, 2H), 7.89 (m, 2H), 7.82 (m, 1H), 7.54 (m, 2H), 7.43 (m,1H), 7.26 (m, 1H) 20 8.82 (m, 1H), 8.52 (s, 2H), 8.06 (m, 1H), 7.96 (m, 1H), 7.61 (m, 1H), 7.48 (m, 1H), 7.30 (m, 1H) 21 8.83 (d, 1H), 8.52 (s, 2H), 8.08 (m, 1H), 7.97 (d, 1H), 7.62 (m, 1H), 7.47 (m, 1H), 7.30 (m, 1H) 23 8.52 (m, 1H), 8.40 (s, 2H), 7.66 (m, 1H), 7.43 (m, 2H), 7.33 (m, 1H), 7.18 (m, 1H) 40 8.26 (s, 2H), 7.39 (m, 2H), 7.32 (m, 2H), 7.27 (m, 1H), 7.24 (s, 1H), 7.17 (m, 1H), 7.02 (d, 1H) 44 8.33 (s, 2H), 7.39 (s, 1H), 7.28-7.34 (m, 2H), 7.25 (m, 2H), 7.12 (d, 1H), 7.07 (m, 1H), 2.43 (s, 3H) 46 (300 MHz) 8.33 (S, 2H), 7.43 (m, 1H), 7.34 (m, 2H), 7.22 (s, 1H), 7.10 (m, 3H) 54 9.42 (s, 1H), 8.43 (s, 2H), 8.12 (s, 1H), 8.05 (d, 1H), 7.72 (m, 1H), 7.53 (m, 1H), 7.32 (m, 1H) 134 8.36 (s, 2 H), 7.74 (m, 1 H), 7.62 (m, 1 H), 7.48-7.56 (m, 1 H), 2.33 (s, 3 H), 2.22 (s, 3 H) 135 7.22 (m, 1H), 7.31 (m, 1H), 7.36 (m, 1H), 7.65 (m, 2H), 8.40 (s, 2H), 8.52 (m, 1H) 140 9.60 (s, 1H), 8.44 (s, 2H), 8.05 (s, 1H), 7.59 (d, 1H), 7.54 (s, 1H), 7.43 (t, 1H), 7.37 (t, 1H), 7.23 (d, 1H) 141 8.43 (s, 2H), 7.86 (s, 1H), 7.57 (d, 1H), 7.37 (t, 1H), 7.34 (t, 1H), 7.22 (d, 1H), 6.98 (s, 1H), 6.57 (t, 1H) 149 8.54 (2, 2H), 7.96 (dd, 1H), 7.49-7.63 (m, 1H), 7.42 (t, 1H), 7.26-7.29 (m, 1H), 6.86 (t, 1H), 2.00 (t, 3H) 156 7.06-7.08 (m, 1 H) 7.18 (s, 1 H) 7.93 (s, 1 H) 8.01-8.06 (m, 1 H) 8.46 (s, 2 H) 161 8.34 (s, 2H), 6.59 (s, 1H), 6.56 (t, 1H), 6.40-6.48 (m, 2H), 7.28 (d, 1H), 6.92 (s, 1H), 6.55 (q, 2H) 173 8.34 (s, 2H), 7.99 (dd, 1H), 7.51-7.59 (m, 1H), 7.38 (dt, 1H), 7.26-7.31 (m, 1H), 6.90 (t, 1H), 2.25 (s, 3H), 1.99 (t, 3H) ^(z1)H NMR data are in ppm downfield from tetramethylsilane at 500 MHz unless otherwise indicated. Couplings are designated by (s)-singlet, (d)-doublet and (m)-multiplet.

BIOLOGICAL EXAMPLES OF THE INVENTION

TEST A

Seeds of plant species selected from downy bromegrass (Bromus tectorum), cocklebur (common cocklebur, Xanthium strumarium), wild oat (Avena fatua), barnyardgrass (Echinochloa crus-galli), large (Lg) crabgrass (Digitaria sanguinalis), giant foxtail (Setaria faberii), morningglory (Ipomoea spp.), velvetleaf (Abutilon theophrasti), and sorghum (Sorghum vulgare) were planted into a sandy loam soil and treated preemergence by soil drench using test a chemical formulated in a non-phytotoxic solvent mixture which included a surfactant. At the same time these species were also treated postemergence sprayed to runoff using a test chemical formulated in the same manner.

Plants ranged in height from 2 to 18 cm and were in the one- to two-leaf stage for the postemergence treatment. Treated plants and untreated controls were maintained in a greenhouse for approximately 11 days, after which time all treated plants were compared to untreated controls and visually evaluated for injury. Plant response ratings, summarized in Table A, are based on a 0 to 100 scale where 0 is no effect and 100 is complete control. A dash (-) response means no test result.

TABLE A Compound Compound 1000 g ai/ha 39 2000 g ai/ha 39 Post Sprayed to Runoff Pre Soil Drench Barnyardgrass 50 Barnyardgrass 90 Bromegrass, Downy 20 Bromegrass, Downy 70 Cocklebur 40 Cocklebur 0 Crabgrass, Large 50 Crabgrass, Large 90 Foxtail, Giant 30 Foxtail, Giant 100 Morningglory 30 Morningglory 0 Oat, Wild 20 Oat, Wild 90 Sorghum 30 Sorghum 50 Velvetleaf 60 Velvetleaf 70 TEST B

Seeds of plant species selected from barnyardgrass (Echinochloa crus-galli), kochia (Kochia scoparia), ragweed (common ragweed, Ambrosia elation), Italian ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum), large (Lg) crabgrass (Digitaria sanguinalis), giant foxtail (Setaria faberii), morningglory (Ipomoea spp.), pigweed (Amaranthus retroflexus), velvetleaf (Abutilon theophrasti), wheat (Triticum aestivum), and corn (Zea mays) were planted into a blend of loam soil and sand and treated preemergence with a directed soil spray using test chemicals formulated in a non-phytotoxic solvent mixture which included a surfactant.

At the same time, plants selected from these crop and weed species and also blackgrass (Alopecurus myosuroides), and galium (catchweed bedstraw, Galium aparine) were planted in pots containing the same blend of loam soil and sand and treated with postemergence applications of test chemicals formulated in the same manner. Plants ranged in height from 2 to 10 cm and were in the one- to two-leaf stage for the postemergence treatment. Treated plants and untreated controls were maintained in a greenhouse for approximately 10 days, after which time all treated plants were compared to untreated controls and visually evaluated for injury. Plant response ratings, summarized in Table B, are based on a 0 to 100 scale where 0 is no effect and 100 is complete control. A dash (-) response means no test result.

TABLE B 1000 g ai/ha Compounds Postemergence 1 2 3 5 6 7 8 9 10 12 23 31 33 34 Barnyardgrass 70 0 50 20 0 10 0 10 10 40 50 10 0 0 Blackgrass — — — — — — — — — — — — — — Corn 10 0 10 0 0 10 0 10 0 0 20 0 0 0 Crabgrass, Large 70 0 10 0 20 20 10 50 10 30 60 50 10 10 Foxtail, Giant 80 0 20 0 0 20 0 20 10 40 70 30 10 0 Galium — — — — — — — — — — — — — — Kochia — — — — — — — — — — — — — — Morningglory 60 40 60 20 20 40 10 50 10 30 70 30 10 0 Pigweed 100 70 70 70 70 20 70 60 50 100 100 30 10 40 Ragweed — — — — — — — — — — — — — — Ryegrass, Italian — — — — — — — — — — — — — — Velvetleaf 100 50 100 30 30 10 30 40 20 90 70 30 0 20 Wheat 0 0 10 0 0 10 0 10 0 10 0 0 0 0 1000 g ai/ha Compounds Postemergence 35 36 40 46 55 57 61 148 171 172 186 191 192 193 Barnyardgrass 100 90 30 90 100 100 10 10 30 10 0 100 100 90 Blackgrass — — — — 100 90 — 10 80 0 20 100 90 90 Corn 90 50 20 20 100 90 0 0 10 10 0 60 30 10 Crabgrass, Large 100 80 50 100 — — 0 — — — — — — — Foxtail, Giant 90 90 50 100 100 100 0 10 100 10 30 100 90 90 Galium — — — — 100 90 — 0 100 10 20 100 100 100 Kochia — — — — 100 90 — 0 100 30 30 100 100 100 Morningglory 100 20 100 70 — — 10 — — — — — — — Pigweed 100 90 100 100 100 100 60 0 100 80 20 100 100 100 Ragweed — — — — 100 100 — 0 30 10 50 90 60 90 Ryegrass, Italian — — — — 100 80 — 0 10 0 0 100 50 30 Velvetleaf 100 100 100 100 — — 70 — — — — — — — Wheat 80 50 10 20 100 90 0 0 30 0 0 30 30 20 1000 g ai/ha Compounds 1000 g ai/ha Compounds Postemergence 194 195 235 Postemergence 194 195 235 Barnyardgrass 100 10 0 Morningglory — — — Blackgrass 90 0 0 Pigweed 90 50 0 Corn 60 10 0 Ragweed 80 10 0 Crabgrass, Large — — — Ryegrass, Italian 50 10 0 Foxtail, Giant 90 10 0 Velvetleaf — — — Galium 100 10 0 Wheat 20 0 0 Kochia 100 10 0  500 g ai/ha Compounds Postemergence 4 10 11 13 14 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 Barnyardgrass 10 0 10 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 60 0 50 60 Blackgrass — — — — — — — — — — — — — — Corn — 0 0 10 30 0 0 0 0 0 40 0 20 40 Crabgrass, Large 50 0 10 10 10 0 0 0 0 20 30 10 50 90 Foxtail, Giant 30 0 0 0 10 0 0 0 0 20 60 0 70 90 Galium — — — — — — — — — — — — — — Kochia — — — — — — — — — — — — — — Morningglory 30 30 20 10 0 — — 0 0 50 90 10 40 100 Pigweed 100 20 20 40 50 30 10 0 0 90 100 0 100 40 Ragweed — — — — — — — — — — — — — — Ryegrass, Italian — — — — — — — — — — — — — — Velvetleaf 60 20 20 60 30 20 20 0 0 30 40 60 70 70 Wheat 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0  500 g ai/ha Compounds Postemergence 25 26 27 28 29 30 32 37 41 42 43 44 45 47 Barnyardgrass 30 20 50 50 0 0 90 0 20 30 20 20 20 0 Blackgrass — — — — — — — 0 — — — — — 0 Corn 30 20 30 20 0 0 50 0 10 20 10 20 10 0 Crabgrass, Large 50 30 90 40 10 10 90 — 20 50 20 20 40 — Foxtail, Giant 60 30 70 40 0 10 90 10 20 30 20 10 20 50 Galium — — — — — — — 0 — — — — — 60 Kochia — — — — — — — 0 — — — — — 80 Morningglory 70 50 50 30 0 10 90 — 10 60 20 30 30 — Pigweed 90 80 100 100 10 10 100 20 70 80 70 50 60 70 Ragweed — — — — — — — 0 — — — — — 30 Ryegrass, Italian — — — — — — — 0 — — — — — 0 Velvetleaf 80 80 100 100 0 30 100 — 30 100 70 70 60 — Wheat 10 10 0 0 0 0 60 0 0 0 0 0 0 10  500 g ai/ha Compounds Postemergence 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 58 59 60 62 63 64 123 Barnyardgrass 0 10 0 0 10 100 100 90 10 100 100 100 100 0 Blackgrass 60 10 60 50 10 100 80 90 40 100 — — — 0 Corn 10 10 0 0 10 70 0 50 10 90 50 20 30 0 Crabgrass, Large — — — — — — — — — — 90 90 90 — Foxtail, Giant 40 10 10 50 0 100 100 90 50 100 90 80 80 0 Galium 100 60 100 90 50 100 100 100 90 100 — — — 0 Kochia 100 30 80 100 50 100 100 100 20 100 — — — 0 Morningglory — — — — — — — — — — 100 100 100 — Pigweed 100 30 100 80 60 100 100 100 50 100 100 100 100 0 Ragweed 70 30 60 60 20 90 60 100 0 90 — — — 0 Ryegrass, Italian 0 0 50 0 0 100 60 80 0 80 — — — 0 Velvetleaf — — — — — — — — — — 100 100 100 — Wheat 0 20 20 10 20 80 0 50 10 90 30 50 10 0  500 g ai/ha Compounds Postemergence 134 135 136 137 138 139 151 152 153 156 157 158 159 160 Barnyardgrass 90 40 90 10 0 0 0 0 70 20 60 100 20 80 Blackgrass — — — 0 0 0 0 0 90 40 90 90 30 90 Corn 80 30 70 20 0 0 0 0 40 40 40 90 30 90 Crabgrass, Large 100 50 90 — — — — — — — — — — — Foxtail, Giant 90 60 80 20 0 0 0 0 90 90 80 100 70 100 Galium — — — 20 0 0 0 0 100 100 100 100 100 100 Kochia — — — 60 0 0 0 0 90 90 100 90 80 90 Morningglory 90 50 90 — — — — — — — — — — — Pigweed 100 100 100 90 0 0 0 0 100 100 100 100 100 100 Ragweed — — — 0 0 0 0 0 100 40 50 30 0 30 Ryegrass, Italian — — — 0 0 0 0 0 60 70 100 70 0 90 Velvetleaf 90 80 100 — — — — — — — — — — — Wheat 30 10 40 0 0 0 0 0 50 30 70 70 20 80  500 g ai/ha Compounds Postemergence 161 167 168 169 170 179 180 181 182 183 184 185 190 199 Barnyardgrass 0 10 100 30 20 80 90 20 10 70 50 40 0 0 Blackgrass 0 10 90 90 60 100 90 10 10 90 60 50 0 — Corn 0 20 100 20 20 40 70 10 20 30 20 10 0 0 Crabgrass, Large — — — — — — — — — — — — — 10 Foxtail, Giant 0 10 100 60 50 80 100 20 50 80 70 70 0 0 Galium 0 60 100 100 100 100 100 50 50 100 100 70 10 — Kochia 0 60 90 90 100 100 100 50 80 100 100 100 0 — Morningglory — — — — — — — — — — — — — 10 Pigweed 0 70 100 100 100 100 100 90 80 100 100 100 20 30 Ragweed 0 0 90 30 50 30 70 10 10 30 40 100 10 — Ryegrass, Italian 0 0 90 50 20 100 100 0 0 70 20 0 0 — Velvetleaf — — — — — — — — — — — — — 10 Wheat 0 20 100 0 30 90 90 0 0 60 10 0 0 0  500 g ai/ha Compounds Postemergence 200 201 202 203 204 205 206 207 208 209 215 217 Barnyardgrass 100 0 40 0 10 10 10 70 20 0 90 0 Blackgrass — — — — — — — — — — 40 0 Corn 90 0 30 0 0 10 0 0 0 0 40 0 Crabgrass, Large 100 0 70 0 40 20 20 30 0 30 — — Foxtail, Giant 100 0 80 0 30 20 20 30 0 30 80 0 Galium — — — — — — — — — — 70 30 Kochia — — — — — — — — — — 10 30 Morningglory 100 0 40 0 10 10 30 30 0 30 — — Pigweed 100 0 100 0 90 90 70 100 60 100 100 60 Ragweed — — — — — — — — — — 20 30 Ryegrass, Italian — — — — — — — — — — 50 0 Velvetleaf 100 0 30 0 10 10 60 60 30 30 — — Wheat 100 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 20 0  125 g ai/ha Compounds Postemergence 4 10 11 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 Barnyardgrass 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Blackgrass — — — — — — — — — — — — — — Corn — 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 10 Crabgrass, Large 20 0 10 0 0 10 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 10 Foxtail, Giant 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 10 Galium — — — — — — — — — — — — — — Kochia — — — — — — — — — — — — — — Morningglory 0 20 10 0 0 10 — — 0 0 0 20 0 20 Pigweed 30 0 10 0 0 70 0 0 0 0 40 80 0 70 Ragweed — — — — — — — — — — — — — — Ryegrass, Italian — — — — — — — — — — — — — — Velvetleaf 30 0 10 30 20 0 0 0 0 0 0 20 50 40 Wheat 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0  125 g ai/ha Compounds Postemergence 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 32 38 41 42 43 44 45 Barnyardgrass 0 0 0 20 0 0 0 70 0 0 20 0 10 0 Blackgrass — — — — — — — — 0 — — — — — Corn 0 10 10 0 0 0 0 10 0 0 20 0 0 0 Crabgrass, Large 80 10 10 20 20 0 0 60 — 10 30 0 10 10 Foxtail, Giant 30 0 0 20 20 0 0 70 0 10 10 0 0 10 Galium — — — — — — — — 30 — — — — — Kochia — — — — — — — — 30 — — — — — Morningglory 50 10 10 10 0 0 0 70 — 0 20 0 20 30 Pigweed 20 30 30 50 30 0 0 100 20 40 60 30 20 10 Ragweed — — — — — — — — 0 — — — — — Ryegrass, Italian — — — — — — — — 0 — — — — — Velvetleaf 40 20 10 70 40 0 10 90 — 10 100 20 30 50 Wheat 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 30 0 0 0 0 0 0  125 g ai/ha Compounds Postemergence 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 58 59 60 62 63 64 Barnyardgrass 0 0 0 0 0 0 100 20 70 10 50 90 80 90 Blackgrass 0 40 0 40 0 0 100 70 70 0 50 — — — Corn 0 0 0 0 0 0 10 0 0 0 30 10 20 20 Crabgrass, Large — — — — — — — — — — — 70 80 60 Foxtail, Giant 0 0 0 0 10 0 100 80 70 10 50 80 70 60 Galium 30 70 20 90 60 40 100 100 100 40 100 — — — Kochia 60 50 30 60 70 20 100 100 100 0 90 — — — Morningglory — — — — — — — — — — — 90 100 70 Pigweed 50 70 10 70 70 30 100 100 100 40 100 100 100 100 Ragweed 20 50 30 20 20 20 60 50 100 0 60 — — — Ryegrass, Italian 0 0 0 0 0 0 80 30 20 0 0 — — — Velvetleaf — — — — — — — — — — — 100 100 100 Wheat 0 0 10 0 0 0 40 0 0 0 30 0 0 0  125 g ai/ha Compounds Postemergence 70 73 89 90 91 96 97 103 104 105 106 107 108 109 Barnyardgrass 0 0 30 0 0 30 20 40 60 70 0 0 0 90 Blackgrass 0 0 20 0 0 70 0 90 100 100 0 0 0 90 Corn 0 0 30 0 0 20 20 30 30 20 0 0 10 60 Crabgrass, Large — — — — — — — — — — — — — — Foxtail, Giant 0 0 40 0 0 50 30 70 80 80 0 0 0 90 Galium 0 10 50 30 0 100 50 100 100 100 0 0 50 100 Kochia 0 0 70 10 0 100 90 30 80 70 0 0 0 30 Morningglory — — — — — — — — — — — — — — Pigweed 20 10 90 10 0 100 90 80 90 100 0 0 0 100 Ragweed 0 0 10 0 0 60 50 60 10 30 0 0 0 90 Ryegrass, Italian 0 0 0 0 0 60 0 10 30 10 0 0 0 50 Velvetleaf — — — — — — — — — — — — — — Wheat 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 10 10 0 0 0 10  125 g ai/ha Compounds Postemergence 110 111 112 113 114 115 116 117 118 119 120 121 122 123 Barnyardgrass 50 10 30 90 20 0 30 0 100 0 90 90 0 0 Blackgrass 40 40 20 90 40 0 30 0 100 0 90 80 0 0 Corn 10 10 20 30 50 0 40 0 100 0 40 40 0 0 Crabgrass, Large — — — — — — — — — — — — — — Foxtail, Giant 70 60 60 90 60 0 90 0 100 10 90 90 0 0 Galium 70 20 50 100 100 0 70 0 100 60 100 100 20 0 Kochia 50 30 70 100 90 0 90 0 100 30 90 90 20 0 Morningglory — — — — — — — — — — — — — — Pigweed 30 20 30 100 100 0 100 0 100 80 100 100 20 0 Ragweed 40 20 30 80 20 0 40 0 50 10 70 60 10 0 Ryegrass, Italian 0 0 0 70 60 0 30 0 80 0 90 70 0 0 Velvetleaf — — — — — — — — — — — — — — Wheat 0 0 0 10 20 0 20 0 60 0 40 30 20 0  125 g ai/ha Compounds Postemergence 124 125 126 127 128 129 130 131 132 133 134 135 137 138 Barnyardgrass 20 30 100 100 10 10 100 90 50 60 20 10 0 0 Blackgrass 30 30 90 90 20 0 80 80 50 70 — — 0 0 Corn 10 10 70 50 10 10 40 40 30 30 10 10 0 0 Crabgrass, Large — — — — — — — — — — 10 10 — — Foxtail, Giant 20 20 90 90 10 10 80 90 70 50 10 10 0 0 Galium 100 100 100 100 30 10 90 90 90 100 — — 0 0 Kochia 80 80 90 90 50 10 90 70 60 90 — — 0 0 Morningglory — — — — — — — — — — 10 20 — — Pigweed 90 90 100 100 60 30 100 100 100 100 60 100 30 0 Ragweed 20 20 40 50 10 0 60 70 30 30 — — 0 0 Ryegrass, Italian 0 10 100 90 0 0 60 70 40 30 — — 0 0 Velvetleaf — — — — — — — — — — 40 40 — — Wheat 0 0 40 20 0 0 40 30 10 10 10 0 0 0  125 g ai/ha Compounds Postemergence 139 140 141 142 143 144 145 146 147 149 150 151 152 153 Barnyardgrass 0 0 0 0 90 100 100 20 0 40 20 0 0 0 Blackgrass 0 0 0 0 60 90 90 30 0 60 10 0 0 40 Corn 0 0 30 20 30 90 70 0 0 20 10 0 0 30 Crabgrass, Large — — — — — — — — — — — — — — Foxtail, Giant 0 0 0 0 80 100 90 20 0 60 10 0 0 20 Galium 0 0 0 10 100 100 100 50 0 90 10 0 0 90 Kochia 0 0 0 20 100 100 100 60 0 100 0 0 0 90 Morningglory — — — — — — — — — — — — — — Pigweed 0 0 20 20 100 100 100 60 0 100 20 0 0 100 Ragweed 0 0 0 0 20 60 50 0 0 20 0 0 0 20 Ryegrass, Italian 0 0 0 0 50 100 80 0 0 20 0 0 0 30 Velvetleaf — — — — — — — — — — — — — — Wheat 0 0 0 0 30 90 70 0 0 10 0 0 0 30  125 g ai/ha Compounds Postemergence 154 155 156 157 158 159 160 161 162 163 164 165 166 167 Barnyardgrass 0 0 0 20 60 0 0 0 90 0 0 20 0 0 Blackgrass 0 0 20 70 30 0 50 0 30 20 0 30 0 0 Corn 0 0 20 0 30 20 30 0 40 10 0 0 10 0 Crabgrass, Large — — — — — — — — — — — — — — Foxtail, Giant 0 0 20 70 50 0 30 0 90 10 0 20 0 0 Galium 0 0 90 100 30 70 70 0 90 30 30 40 30 10 Kochia 0 0 90 90 70 20 40 0 100 50 0 40 0 10 Morningglory — — — — — — — — — — — — — — Pigweed 0 0 90 100 80 90 90 0 100 30 30 50 30 10 Ragweed 0 0 20 10 0 0 0 0 40 30 30 60 30 0 Ryegrass, Italian 0 0 30 90 0 0 0 0 50 0 0 0 0 0 Velvetleaf — — — — — — — — — — — — — — Wheat 0 0 20 50 20 20 20 0 30 0 0 0 0 10  125 g ai/ha Compounds Postemergence 168 169 170 173 174 175 176 177 178 179 180 181 182 183 Barnyardgrass 100 10 0 70 10 10 30 30 40 10 50 10 0 40 Blackgrass 90 50 50 70 50 0 30 30 40 80 90 0 0 80 Corn 100 10 20 40 0 0 30 10 20 10 20 10 10 10 Crabgrass, Large — — — — — — — — — — — — — — Foxtail, Giant 100 30 30 90 0 0 50 40 60 40 80 0 0 60 Galium 100 100 80 90 70 40 90 100 100 100 100 10 30 100 Kochia 90 90 70 100 70 30 100 70 100 90 100 30 30 100 Morningglory — — — — — — — — — — — — — — Pigweed 100 100 100 80 50 60 100 100 100 100 100 50 40 100 Ragweed 90 20 10 60 30 30 20 20 10 10 50 10 0 20 Ryegrass, Italian 90 20 0 20 0 0 10 0 30 90 100 0 0 40 Velvetleaf — — — — — — — — — — — — — — Wheat 100 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 10 40 60 0 0 10  125 g ai/ha Compounds Postemergence 184 185 187 188 189 190 196 197 198 199 200 201 202 203 Barnyardgrass 0 10 0 20 0 0 10 0 50 0 90 0 10 0 Blackgrass 10 0 0 20 0 0 0 0 40 — — — — — Corn 10 0 0 30 0 0 0 0 20 0 50 0 0 0 Crabgrass, Large — — — — — — — — — 0 100 0 10 0 Foxtail, Giant 10 10 0 20 0 0 10 0 90 0 100 0 30 0 Galium 70 40 0 50 0 0 100 50 100 — — — — — Kochia 70 90 0 90 0 0 40 0 80 — — — — — Morningglory — — — — — — — — — 0 90 0 10 0 Pigweed 90 90 0 60 0 0 60 10 100 10 100 0 90 0 Ragweed 20 70 0 20 0 10 20 0 20 — — — — — Ryegrass, Italian 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 50 — — — — — Velvetleaf — — — — — — — — — 0 100 0 10 0 Wheat 0 0 0 20 0 0 0 0 10 0 60 0 0 0  125 g ai/ha Compounds Postemergence 204 205 206 207 208 209 210 211 212 213 214 215 216 217 Barnyardgrass 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 10 30 0 0 20 10 0 Blackgrass — — — — — — 30 50 50 10 0 0 10 0 Corn 0 0 0 0 0 0 10 10 20 10 0 20 10 0 Crabgrass, Large 10 10 10 0 0 10 — — — — — — — — Foxtail, Giant 0 0 0 0 0 0 40 50 70 20 0 20 0 0 Galium — — — — — — 90 100 100 80 10 20 50 10 Kochia — — — — — — 80 90 100 100 0 0 20 10 Morningglory 0 0 20 10 0 30 — — — — — — — — Pigweed 50 60 40 70 20 90 80 50 100 80 10 20 30 10 Ragweed — — — — — — 30 30 60 60 0 0 0 10 Ryegrass, Italian — — — — — — 0 0 20 0 0 0 0 0 Velvetleaf 0 0 30 10 20 30 — — — — — — — — Wheat 0 0 0 0 0 0 20 0 10 10 0 0 0 0  125 g ai/ha Compounds Postemergence 218 219 220 221 222 223 224 225 226 227 228 229 230 231 Barnyardgrass 0 0 40 90 0 10 50 0 70 60 70 70 60 10 Blackgrass 0 0 90 60 10 0 70 0 70 70 100 80 70 0 Corn 0 0 20 50 30 0 20 0 30 20 30 30 10 0 Crabgrass, Large — — — — — — — — — — — — — — Foxtail, Giant 0 0 80 90 0 10 50 0 70 60 90 80 70 10 Galium 10 30 100 100 90 50 100 0 100 80 100 100 100 20 Kochia 0 0 100 100 30 10 100 0 100 80 100 100 100 40 Morningglory — — — — — — — — — — — — — — Pigweed 40 10 100 90 100 60 100 0 100 90 100 100 90 40 Ragweed 0 30 10 50 20 10 100 0 40 30 40 100 100 0 Ryegrass, Italian 0 0 40 40 0 0 0 0 50 30 90 20 0 0 Velvetleaf — — — — — — — — — — — — — — Wheat 0 0 50 30 20 0 0 0 50 20 50 40 10 0  125 g ai/ha Compounds Postemergence 232 233 234 236 237 238 239 Barnyardgrass 0 10 0 30 0 30 0 Blackgrass 0 10 10 40 0 0 0 Corn 0 10 10 30 0 20 20 Crabgrass, Large — — — — — — — Foxtail, Giant 0 0 0 30 0 10 0 Galium 0 0 0 100 0 40 0 Kochia 0 0 0 90 0 80 0 Morningglory — — — — — — — Pigweed 40 20 20 70 0 20 20 Ragweed 0 0 10 20 0 0 0 Ryegrass, Italian 0 0 0 20 0 0 0 Velvetleaf — — — — — — — Wheat 0 0 0 20 0 0 0  31 g ai/ha Compounds Postemergence 15 38 70 73 89 90 91 96 97 103 104 105 106 107 Barnyardgrass 0 0 0 0 10 0 0 10 0 0 10 10 0 0 Blackgrass — 0 0 0 10 0 0 10 0 30 70 70 0 0 Corn 0 0 0 0 10 0 0 0 0 0 10 10 0 0 Crabgrass, Large 0 — — — — — — — — — — — — — Foxtail, Giant 0 0 0 0 10 0 0 0 0 40 20 40 0 0 Galium — 20 0 0 10 0 0 100 10 90 90 70 0 0 Kochia — 0 0 0 50 0 0 70 60 0 50 30 0 0 Morningglory 0 — — — — — — — — — — — — — Pigweed 60 0 10 0 60 0 0 100 60 30 90 90 0 0 Ragweed — 0 0 0 10 0 0 50 20 20 10 10 0 0 Ryegrass, Italian — 0 0 0 0 0 0 30 0 0 0 0 0 0 Velvetleaf 0 — — — — — — — — — — — — — Wheat 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0  31 g ai/ha Compounds Postemergence 108 109 110 111 112 113 114 115 116 117 118 119 120 121 Barnyardgrass 0 60 0 0 10 60 10 0 10 0 70 0 50 50 Blackgrass 0 50 0 0 0 60 10 0 20 0 60 0 70 50 Corn 0 10 0 0 10 10 30 0 20 0 50 0 30 20 Crabgrass, Large — — — — — — — — — — — — — — Foxtail, Giant 0 60 0 0 10 60 20 0 20 0 90 0 40 70 Galium 30 50 20 10 30 90 70 0 60 0 100 30 100 100 Kochia 0 0 10 20 60 100 70 0 90 0 100 0 90 90 Morningglory — — — — — — — — — — — — — — Pigweed 0 80 10 0 30 100 100 0 100 0 100 40 100 100 Ragweed 0 60 30 10 20 50 0 0 20 0 30 10 40 50 Ryegrass, Italian 0 10 0 0 0 20 10 0 0 0 20 0 30 50 Velvetleaf — — — — — — — — — — — — — — Wheat 0 0 0 0 0 0 10 0 10 0 20 0 0 0  31 g ai/ha Compounds Postemergence 122 124 125 126 127 128 129 130 131 132 133 140 141 142 Barnyardgrass 0 0 10 80 30 0 0 40 50 20 20 0 0 0 Blackgrass 0 0 10 60 30 0 0 50 50 20 30 0 0 0 Corn 0 0 0 20 20 0 0 20 20 10 10 0 0 0 Crabgrass, Large — — — — — — — — — — — — — — Foxtail, Giant 0 0 0 60 50 0 0 50 50 30 20 0 0 0 Galium 10 60 50 90 80 10 10 80 80 80 70 0 0 0 Kochia 10 40 60 90 90 20 0 90 60 30 90 0 0 0 Morningglory — — — — — — — — — — — — — — Pigweed 20 70 70 100 100 20 10 90 100 70 90 0 0 10 Ragweed 0 10 0 30 20 0 0 40 40 20 20 0 0 0 Ryegrass, Italian 0 0 0 40 30 0 0 30 40 10 10 0 0 0 Velvetleaf — — — — — — — — — — — — — — Wheat 0 0 0 10 10 0 0 30 0 0 0 0 0 0  31 g ai/ha Compounds Postemergence 143 144 145 146 147 149 150 154 155 162 163 164 165 166 Barnyardgrass 10 30 40 0 0 10 0 0 0 10 0 0 0 0 Blackgrass 30 80 70 0 0 10 0 0 0 30 20 0 20 0 Corn 40 30 30 0 0 10 0 0 0 20 0 0 0 0 Crabgrass, Large — — — — — — — — — — — — — — Foxtail, Giant 10 80 70 0 0 10 0 0 0 10 0 0 10 0 Galium 50 100 100 30 0 90 0 0 0 90 20 10 20 20 Kochia 100 100 100 50 0 90 0 0 0 90 10 0 20 0 Morningglory — — — — — — — — — — — — — — Pigweed 90 100 100 30 0 90 10 0 0 100 20 0 30 20 Ragweed 0 20 20 0 0 10 0 0 0 0 30 20 30 10 Ryegrass, Italian 0 20 20 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Velvetleaf — — — — — — — — — — — — — — Wheat 20 30 20 0 0 0 0 0 0 20 0 0 0 0  31 g ai/ha Compounds Postemergence 173 174 175 176 177 178 187 188 189 196 197 198 210 211 Barnyardgrass 30 0 0 10 10 0 0 0 0 0 0 10 0 0 Blackgrass 30 40 0 0 0 10 0 0 0 0 0 10 10 10 Corn 10 0 0 10 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 10 0 0 Crabgrass, Large — — — — — — — — — — — — — — Foxtail, Giant 30 0 0 20 10 10 0 0 0 0 0 30 0 10 Galium 50 60 20 30 50 80 0 0 0 60 10 100 50 60 Kochia 70 60 0 30 30 80 0 0 0 0 0 80 50 40 Morningglory — — — — — — — — — — — — — — Pigweed 60 50 50 90 50 100 0 0 0 20 10 100 50 20 Ragweed 40 20 20 10 10 10 0 0 0 10 0 10 10 0 Ryegrass, Italian 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 10 0 0 Velvetleaf — — — — — — — — — — — — — — Wheat 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0  31 g ai/ha Compounds Postemergence 212 213 214 216 218 219 220 221 222 223 224 225 226 227 Barnyardgrass 0 0 0 10 0 0 10 10 0 0 30 0 10 10 Blackgrass 10 0 0 0 0 0 60 30 0 0 40 0 10 10 Corn 10 0 0 0 0 0 10 20 0 0 0 0 20 10 Crabgrass, Large — — — — — — — — — — — — — — Foxtail, Giant 10 0 0 0 0 0 30 10 0 0 20 0 10 10 Galium 60 50 0 20 0 20 90 90 30 30 80 0 60 70 Kochia 90 60 0 10 0 0 90 80 20 0 70 0 100 40 Morningglory — — — — — — — — — — — — — — Pigweed 90 30 0 10 0 10 100 90 30 20 70 0 50 60 Ragweed 20 10 0 0 0 20 0 10 0 0 50 0 10 10 Ryegrass, Italian 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 10 0 Velvetleaf — — — — — — — — — — — — — — Wheat 0 0 0 0 0 0 10 20 0 0 0 0 0 0  31 g ai/ha Compounds Postemergence 228 229 230 231 232 233 234 236 237 238 239 Barnyardgrass 30 20 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Blackgrass 60 30 20 0 0 0 0 20 0 0 0 Corn 20 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Crabgrass, Large — — — — — — — — — — — Foxtail, Giant 40 50 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Galium 100 80 80 0 0 0 0 30 0 0 0 Kochia 100 90 80 20 0 0 0 20 0 20 0 Morningglory — — — — — — — — — — — Pigweed 100 70 60 20 10 0 0 30 0 10 0 Ragweed 30 100 70 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Ryegrass, Italian 20 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Velvetleaf — — — — — — — — — — — Wheat 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1000 g ai/ha Compounds Preemergence 1 2 3 5 6 7 8 9 10 12 23 31 33 34 Barnyardgrass 80 0 60 0 0 10 30 20 0 20 40 0 0 0 Corn 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Crabgrass, Large 100 10 40 0 0 40 80 70 10 80 100 80 80 10 Foxtail, Giant 100 10 70 0 0 20 60 60 0 90 100 30 10 10 Kochia — — — — — — — — — — — — — — Morningglory 20 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Pigweed 100 100 50 90 70 40 100 90 10 90 100 0 40 100 Ragweed — — — — — — — — — — — — — — Ryegrass, Italian — — — — — — — — — — — — — — Velvetleaf 80 20 90 20 20 10 30 10 0 70 80 0 0 10 Wheat 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1000 g ai/ha Compounds Preemergence 35 36 40 46 55 57 61 148 171 172 186 191 192 193 Barnyardgrass 100 30 50 80 100 100 20 0 70 0 20 100 100 100 Corn 30 0 0 0 — — 0 — — — — — — — Crabgrass, Large 100 100 70 100 — — 50 — — — — — — — Foxtail, Giant 100 90 100 100 100 100 40 0 100 30 100 100 100 100 Kochia — — — — 100 100 — 0 90 20 100 100 100 100 Morningglory 90 10 0 10 — — 0 — — — — — — — Pigweed 10 100 100 100 100 90 90 0 100 90 100 100 100 100 Ragweed — — — — 100 90 — — 0 0 70 90 20 80 Ryegrass, Italian — — — — 100 80 — 0 10 0 0 90 50 0 Velvetleaf 100 — 90 20 — — 50 — — — — — — — Wheat 60 0 0 10 — — 0 — — — — — — — 1000 g ai/ha Compounds 1000 g ai/ha Compounds Preemergence 194 195 235 Preemergence 194 195 235 Barnyardgrass 100 40 0 Pigweed 100 60 0 Corn — — — Ragweed 30 10 0 Crabgrass, Large — — — Ryegrass, Italian 50 0 0 Foxtail, Giant 100 30 0 Velvetleaf — — — Kochia 100 0 0 Wheat — — — Morningglory  500 g ai/ha Compounds Preemergence 4 10 11 13 14 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 Barnyardgrass 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 50 0 30 80 Corn 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 40 Crabgrass, Large 80 0 0 10 20 10 10 20 50 70 100 0 80 100 Foxtail, Giant 50 0 0 10 30 10 0 10 70 60 100 0 70 90 Kochia — — — — — — — — — — — — — — Morningglory 0 0 — 0 0 — — 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Pigweed 70 30 30 80 100 20 0 30 20 20 90 0 90 40 Ragweed — — — — — — — — — — — — — — Ryegrass, Italian — — — — — — — — — — — — — — Velvetleaf 30 0 10 10 20 20 10 0 0 20 20 0 50 0 Wheat 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0  500 g ai/ha Compounds Preemergence 25 26 27 28 29 30 32 37 41 42 43 44 45 47 Barnyardgrass 70 30 80 60 0 0 90 0 0 70 20 10 0 0 Corn 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 — 0 0 0 0 0 — Crabgrass, Large 100 100 100 100 30 20 100 — 10 90 30 70 20 — Foxtail, Giant 90 90 90 90 10 10 100 0 20 100 70 10 20 30 Kochia — — — — — — — 0 — — — — — 70 Morningglory 10 0 0 0 0 0 30 — 0 0 10 0 0 — Pigweed 100 100 100 80 50 30 100 40 0 90 0 10 0 60 Ragweed — — — — — — — 0 — — — — — 60 Ryegrass, Italian — — — — — — — 0 — — — — — 0 Velvetleaf 100 80 60 60 0 0 100 — 0 70 10 20 0 — Wheat 0 0 0 0 0 0 10 — 0 0 0 0 0 —  500 g ai/ha Compounds Preemergence 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 58 59 60 62 63 64 123 Barnyardgrass 40 0 10 10 0 100 100 100 10 100 100 100 100 0 Corn — — — — — — — — — — 20 30 20 — Crabgrass, Large — — — — — — — — — — 100 100 100 — Foxtail, Giant 50 20 50 60 0 100 100 100 60 100 100 100 100 0 Kochia 80 70 60 70 30 100 100 100 0 100 — — — 0 Morningglory — — — — — — — — — — 90 60 60 — Pigweed 100 30 100 100 50 100 100 100 30 100 100 100 100 0 Ragweed 60 0 50 50 0 50 70 80 0 50 — — — 0 Ryegrass, Italian 50 0 50 0 0 40 60 20 0 30 — — — 0 Velvetleaf — — — — — — — — — — 100 90 90 — Wheat — — — — — — — — — — 30 40 30 —  500 g ai/ha Compounds Preemergence 134 135 136 137 138 139 151 152 153 156 157 158 159 160 Barnyardgrass 90 60 100 10 0 0 0 0 100 20 80 100 60 80 Corn 60 0 40 — — — — — — — — — — — Crabgrass, Large 100 100 100 — — — — — — — — — — — Foxtail, Giant 100 100 100 0 0 0 0 0 100 80 100 100 90 100 Kochia — — — 10 0 0 0 0 100 40 100 100 30 90 Morningglory 80 10 90 — — — — — — — — — — — Pigweed 100 100 100 20 0 0 0 0 100 100 100 100 100 100 Ragweed — — — 0 0 0 0 0 40 0 70 20 0 0 Ryegrass, Italian — — — 0 0 0 0 0 20 0 90 20 0 0 Velvetleaf 100 60 100 — — — — — — — — — — — Wheat 20 0 30 — — — — — — — — — — —  500 g ai/ha Compounds Preemergence 161 167 168 169 170 179 180 181 182 183 184 185 190 199 Barnyardgrass 0 10 100 30 20 90 80 10 20 80 90 70 0 0 Corn — — — — — — — — — — — — — 0 Crabgrass, Large — — — — — — — — — — — — — 10 Foxtail, Giant 0 30 100 90 90 100 100 40 40 90 90 90 10 0 Kochia 0 30 100 90 80 100 100 0 30 100 100 100 0 — Morningglory — — — — — — — — — — — — — 0 Pigweed 0 20 100 100 100 100 100 80 40 100 100 100 10 30 Ragweed 0 10 80 20 60 40 70 0 10 60 50 90 0 — Ryegrass, Italian 0 0 100 20 20 40 70 0 10 40 10 0 0 — Velvetleaf — — — — — — — — — — — — — 10 Wheat — — — — — — — — — — — — — 0  500 g ai/ha Compounds Preemergence 200 201 202 203 204 205 206 207 208 209 215 217 Barnyardgrass 100 0 80 0 30 10 30 90 0 10 90 10 Corn 100 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 — — Crabgrass, Large 100 0 100 0 100 70 60 100 0 100 — — Foxtail, Giant 100 0 100 0 100 70 60 100 0 100 90 30 Kochia — — — — — — — — — — 0 0 Morningglory 100 0 20 0 10 0 0 30 0 0 — — Pigweed 100 0 100 0 100 90 80 100 90 100 90 70 Ragweed — — — — — — — — — — 0 0 Ryegrass, Italian — — — — — — — — — — 0 10 Velvetleaf 90 0 60 0 60 0 40 30 10 0 — — Wheat 90 0 20 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 — —  125 g ai/ha Compounds Preemergence 4 10 11 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 Barnyardgrass 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Corn 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Crabgrass, Large 10 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 10 60 0 40 Foxtail, Giant 10 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 10 70 0 20 Kochia — — — — — — — — — — — — — — Morningglory 0 0 0 0 0 0 — — 0 0 0 0 0 0 Pigweed 30 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 30 0 50 Ragweed — — — — — — — — — — — — — — Ryegrass, Italian — — — — — — — — — — — — — — Velvetleaf 0 0 10 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 10 Wheat 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0  125 g ai/ha Compounds Preemergence 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 32 38 41 42 43 44 45 Barnyardgrass 10 10 0 10 0 0 0 90 0 0 20 0 0 0 Corn 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 — 0 0 0 0 0 Crabgrass, Large 100 50 10 80 40 10 0 100 — 0 50 0 10 0 Foxtail, Giant 20 40 0 60 30 0 0 90 0 0 70 0 0 0 Kochia — — — — — — — — 0 — — — — — Morningglory 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 — 0 0 0 0 0 Pigweed 0 60 0 80 40 20 0 100 40 0 50 0 0 0 Ragweed — — — — — — — — 0 — — — — — Ryegrass, Italian — — — — — — — — 0 — — — — — Velvetleaf 0 10 10 20 0 0 0 90 — 0 50 0 0 0 Wheat 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 — 0 0 0 0 0  125 g ai/ha Compounds Preemergence 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 58 59 60 62 63 64 Barnyardgrass 0 0 0 0 0 0 90 60 60 0 80 80 90 60 Corn — — — — — — — — — — — 0 10 0 Crabgrass, Large — — — — — — — — — — — 100 100 100 Foxtail, Giant 10 10 0 0 10 0 90 100 90 10 80 100 100 90 Kochia 60 60 0 10 10 0 100 80 80 0 90 — — — Morningglory — — — — — — — — — — — 60 30 0 Pigweed 30 80 20 60 50 40 100 100 100 0 100 100 100 100 Ragweed 10 50 0 0 50 0 10 60 70 0 20 — — — Ryegrass, Italian 0 40 0 20 0 0 10 30 0 0 0 — — — Velvetleaf — — — — — — — — — — — 90 70 80 Wheat — — — — — — — — — — — 20 20 0  125 g ai/ha Compounds Preemergence 70 73 89 90 91 96 97 103 104 105 106 107 108 109 Barnyardgrass 0 0 70 0 0 20 0 50 80 90 0 0 0 100 Corn — — — — — — — — — — — — — — Crabgrass, Large — — — — — — — — — — — — — — Foxtail, Giant 0 0 90 0 0 40 30 90 100 100 0 0 0 100 Kochia 0 0 0 0 0 70 30 10 10 10 0 0 0 30 Morningglory — — — — — — — — — — — — — — Pigweed 0 0 100 20 0 100 50 100 100 100 0 0 0 100 Ragweed 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 10 0 0 0 0 0 70 Ryegrass, Italian 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 10 20 0 0 0 10 Velvetleaf — — — — — — — — — — — — — — Wheat — — — — — — — — — — — — — —  125 g ai/ha Compounds Preemergence 110 111 112 113 114 115 116 117 118 119 120 121 122 123 Barnyardgrass 40 20 30 100 20 0 30 0 100 0 100 90 0 0 Corn — — — — — — — — — — — — — — Crabgrass, Large — — — — — — — — — — — — — — Foxtail, Giant 70 50 70 100 30 0 90 0 100 50 100 100 0 0 Kochia 0 10 50 100 20 0 60 0 100 10 90 100 10 0 Morningglory — — — — — — — — — — — — — — Pigweed 70 80 70 100 80 0 100 0 100 50 100 100 50 0 Ragweed 0 10 0 70 20 0 20 0 30 0 30 20 0 0 Ryegrass, Italian 0 0 10 60 20 0 20 0 80 0 90 80 0 0 Velvetleaf — — — — — — — — — — — — — — Wheat — — — — — — — — — — — — — —  125 g ai/ha Compounds Preemergence 124 125 126 127 128 129 130 131 132 133 134 135 137 138 Barnyardgrass 30 50 100 90 0 0 90 100 60 70 70 10 0 0 Corn — — — — — — — — — — 20 0 — — Crabgrass, Large — — — — — — — — — — 100 80 — — Foxtail, Giant 100 90 100 100 10 0 100 100 90 90 90 60 0 0 Kochia 60 40 90 90 0 0 70 10 0 90 — — 0 0 Morningglory — — — — — — — — — — 10 0 — — Pigweed 100 80 100 100 40 0 100 100 100 100 100 90 0 0 Ragweed 10 0 10 30 0 0 20 60 40 10 — — 0 0 Ryegrass, Italian 10 10 100 90 0 0 50 90 30 50 — — 0 0 Velvetleaf — — — — — — — — — — 40 20 — — Wheat — — — — — — — — — — 20 0 — —  125 g ai/ha Compounds Preemergence 139 140 141 142 143 144 145 146 147 149 150 151 152 153 Barnyardgrass 0 0 0 0 90 100 100 30 0 70 20 0 0 0 Corn — — — — — — — — — — — — — — Crabgrass, Large — — — — — — — — — — — — — — Foxtail, Giant 0 0 0 20 100 100 100 20 0 100 20 0 0 30 Kochia 0 0 0 0 90 100 100 0 0 80 0 0 0 20 Morningglory — — — — — — — — — — — — — — Pigweed 0 0 0 0 100 100 100 70 0 100 20 0 0 100 Ragweed 0 0 0 0 30 50 20 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Ryegrass, Italian 0 0 0 0 60 90 40 0 0 10 0 0 0 0 Velvetleaf — — — — — — — — — — — — — — Wheat — — — — — — — — — — — — — —  125 g ai/ha Compounds Preemergence 154 155 156 157 158 159 160 161 162 163 164 165 166 167 Barnyardgrass 0 0 0 20 90 0 0 0 100 0 0 10 0 0 Corn — — — — — — — — — — — — — — Crabgrass, Large — — — — — — — — — — — — — — Foxtail, Giant 0 0 20 80 90 20 50 0 100 0 0 10 0 0 Kochia 0 0 20 100 100 0 30 0 70 0 0 60 0 0 Morningglory — — — — — — — — — — — — — — Pigweed 0 0 80 100 90 40 90 0 100 30 30 80 60 0 Ragweed 0 0 0 20 0 0 0 0 20 40 0 50 20 0 Ryegrass, Italian 0 0 0 20 0 0 0 0 40 0 0 0 0 0 Velvetleaf — — — — — — — — — — — — — — Wheat — — — — — — — — — — — — — —  125 g ai/ha Compounds Preemergence 168 169 170 173 174 175 176 177 178 179 180 181 182 183 Barnyardgrass 100 20 0 90 0 0 50 50 70 10 20 0 0 30 Corn — — — — — — — — — — — — — — Crabgrass, Large — — — — — — — — — — — — — — Foxtail, Giant 100 50 60 100 40 0 90 70 90 80 90 0 0 80 Kochia 100 70 30 100 0 0 20 20 20 100 100 0 0 80 Morningglory — — — — — — — — — — — — — — Pigweed 100 100 100 100 80 70 90 90 100 100 100 10 0 90 Ragweed 70 10 20 70 0 0 0 0 0 10 50 0 0 0 Ryegrass, Italian 80 0 0 20 0 0 10 0 10 20 20 0 0 20 Velvetleaf — — — — — — — — — — — — — — Wheat — — — — — — — — — — — — — —  125 g ai/ha Compounds Preemergence 184 185 187 188 189 190 196 197 198 199 200 201 202 203 Barnyardgrass 10 20 0 20 0 0 10 0 40 0 100 0 10 0 Corn — — — — — — — — — 0 20 0 0 0 Crabgrass, Large — — — — — — — — — 0 100 0 90 0 Foxtail, Giant 20 30 0 40 0 0 20 0 90 0 100 0 70 0 Kochia 20 40 0 30 0 0 0 0 30 — — — — — Morningglory — — — — — — — — — 0 20 0 0 0 Pigweed 80 90 0 100 0 0 10 0 100 0 100 0 100 0 Ragweed 0 10 0 0 0 0 0 0 10 — — — — — Ryegrass, Italian 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 20 — — — — — Velvetleaf — — — — — — — — — 0 80 0 0 0 Wheat — — — — — — — — — 0 20 0 0 0  125 g ai/ha Compounds Preemergence 204 205 206 207 208 209 210 211 212 213 214 215 216 217 Barnyardgrass 0 0 0 10 0 0 80 50 60 40 0 40 10 0 Corn 0 0 0 0 0 0 — — — — — — — — Crabgrass, Large 90 30 10 100 0 70 — — — — — — — — Foxtail, Giant 60 20 10 70 0 30 90 100 100 80 0 20 0 0 Kochia — — — — — — 90 80 90 50 0 0 0 0 Morningglory 0 0 0 0 0 0 — — — — — — — — Pigweed 100 10 50 90 0 90 100 100 100 100 0 20 0 10 Ragweed — — — — — — 20 30 40 0 0 0 0 0 Ryegrass, Italian — — — — — — 10 0 40 0 0 0 0 0 Velvetleaf 0 0 30 0 0 0 — — — — — — — — Wheat 0 0 0 0 0 0 — — — — — — — —  125 g ai/ha Compounds Preemergence 218 219 220 221 222 223 224 225 226 227 228 229 230 231 Barnyardgrass 50 0 100 90 0 0 50 0 100 50 100 90 70 10 Corn — — — — — — — — — — — — — — Crabgrass, Large — — — — — — — — — — — — — — Foxtail, Giant 60 0 100 90 0 0 90 0 100 90 100 90 90 10 Kochia 0 0 90 70 0 0 90 0 90 50 100 100 100 0 Morningglory — — — — — — — — — — — — — — Pigweed 90 0 100 100 90 10 100 0 100 80 100 100 100 20 Ragweed 0 0 10 0 0 0 — 0 20 0 30 90 80 0 Ryegrass, Italian 0 0 30 40 0 0 0 0 20 10 70 30 0 0 Velvetleaf — — — — — — — — — — — — — — Wheat — — — — — — — — — — — — — —  125 g ai/ha Compounds Preemergence 232 233 234 236 237 238 239 Barnyardgrass 20 0 0 80 0 40 0 Corn — — — — — — — Crabgrass, Large — — — — — — — Foxtail, Giant 10 0 0 90 0 20 0 Kochia 0 0 0 100 0 0 0 Morningglory — — — — — — — Pigweed 30 0 0 100 0 10 0 Ragweed 0 0 — 0 0 0 0 Ryegrass, Italian 0 0 0 30 0 0 0 Velvetleaf — — — — — — — Wheat — — — — — — —  31 g ai/ha Compounds Preemergence 15 38 70 73 89 90 91 96 97 103 104 105 106 107 Barnyardgrass 0 0 0 0 10 0 0 0 0 0 20 20 0 0 Corn 0 — — — — — — — — — — — — — Crabgrass, Large 0 — — — — — — — — — — — — — Foxtail, Giant 0 0 0 0 40 0 0 10 10 50 40 70 0 0 Kochia — 0 0 0 0 0 0 50 0 0 0 0 0 0 Morningglory 0 — — — — — — — — — — — — — Pigweed 0 0 0 0 100 0 0 90 20 100 80 100 0 0 Ragweed — 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Ryegrass, Italian — 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Velvetleaf 0 — — — — — — — — — — — — — Wheat 0 — — — — — — — — — — — — —  31 g ai/ha Compounds Preemergence 108 109 110 111 112 113 114 115 116 117 118 119 120 121 Barnyardgrass 0 40 0 0 10 70 0 0 0 0 70 0 90 70 Corn — — — — — — — — — — — — — — Crabgrass, Large — — — — — — — — — — — — — — Foxtail, Giant 0 80 0 0 10 90 10 0 40 0 100 0 100 100 Kochia 0 0 0 0 0 100 20 0 60 0 80 0 80 60 Morningglory — — — — — — — — — — — — — — Pigweed 0 90 10 10 30 100 70 0 70 0 100 0 100 100 Ragweed 0 20 0 0 0 30 0 0 0 0 20 0 10 10 Ryegrass, Italian 0 0 0 0 0 10 0 0 0 0 20 0 40 30 Velvetleaf — — — — — — — — — — — — — — Wheat — — — — — — — — — — — — — —  31 g ai/ha Compounds Preemergence 122 124 125 126 127 128 129 130 131 132 133 140 141 142 Barnyardgrass 0 0 0 90 70 0 0 50 80 20 30 0 0 0 Corn — — — — — — — — — — — — — — Crabgrass, Large — — — — — — — — — — — — — — Foxtail, Giant 0 20 10 100 100 0 0 90 100 60 70 0 0 0 Kochia 0 10 0 80 80 0 0 50 0 0 50 0 0 0 Morningglory — — — — — — — — — — — — — — Pigweed 10 40 0 100 100 0 0 100 100 90 90 0 0 0 Ragweed 0 0 0 10 10 0 0 10 20 0 0 0 0 0 Ryegrass, Italian 0 0 0 40 30 0 0 20 20 0 0 0 0 0 Velvetleaf — — — — — — — — — — — — — — Wheat — — — — — — — — — — — — — —  31 g ai/ha Compounds Preemergence 143 144 145 146 147 149 150 154 155 162 163 164 165 166 Barnyardgrass 20 80 70 0 0 10 0 0 0 20 0 0 0 0 Corn — — — — — — — — — — — — — — Crabgrass, Large — — — — — — — — — — — — — — Foxtail, Giant 70 100 90 0 0 70 0 0 0 90 0 0 0 0 Kochia 30 90 90 0 0 20 0 0 0 70 0 0 0 0 Morningglory — — — — — — — — — — — — — — Pigweed 90 100 100 0 0 80 0 0 0 80 0 0 30 40 Ragweed 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 20 0 Ryegrass, Italian 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Velvetleaf — — — — — — — — — — — — — — Wheat — — — — — — — — — — — — — —  31 g ai/ha Compounds Preemergence 173 174 175 176 177 178 187 188 189 196 197 198 210 211 Barnyardgrass 60 0 0 10 0 20 0 0 0 0 0 10 10 10 Corn — — — — — — — — — — — — — — Crabgrass, Large — — — — — — — — — — — — — — Foxtail, Giant 50 0 0 60 10 60 0 0 0 0 0 70 40 10 Kochia 70 — 0 0 0 10 0 0 0 0 0 0 50 20 Morningglory — — — — — — — — — — — — — — Pigweed 80 60 0 30 50 90 0 0 0 0 0 30 100 100 Ragweed 10 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Ryegrass, Italian 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Velvetleaf — — — — — — — — — — — — — — Wheat — — — — — — — — — — — — — —  31 g ai/ha Compounds Preemergence 212 213 214 216 218 219 220 221 222 223 224 225 226 227 Barnyardgrass 10 0 0 0 0 0 10 20 0 0 10 0 30 10 Corn — — — — — — — — — — — — — — Crabgrass, Large — — — — — — — — — — — — — — Foxtail, Giant 60 0 0 0 0 0 70 50 0 0 40 0 60 40 Kochia 40 10 0 0 0 0 50 50 0 0 60 0 70 0 Morningglory — — — — — — — — — — — — — — Pigweed 100 80 0 0 0 0 100 100 20 0 90 0 100 40 Ragweed 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 — 0 0 0 Ryegrass, Italian 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 20 0 0 0 0 0 0 Velvetleaf — — — — — — — — — — — — — — Wheat — — — — — — — — — — — — — —  31 g ai/ha Compounds Preemergence 228 229 230 231 232 233 234 236 237 238 239 Barnyardgrass 50 50 10 0 0 0 0 10 0 0 0 Corn — — — — — — — — — — — Crabgrass, Large — — — — — — — — — — — Foxtail, Giant 90 90 60 0 0 0 0 10 0 0 0 Kochia 70 80 60 0 0 0 0 30 0 0 0 Morningglory — — — — — — — — — — — Pigweed 100 100 90 0 20 0 0 60 0 0 0 Ragweed 0 70 20 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Ryegrass, Italian 30 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Velvetleaf — — — — — — — — — — — Wheat — — — — — — — — — — — TEST C

Plant species in the flooded paddy test selected from rice (Oryza sativa), small-flower umbrella sedge (Cyperus difformis), ducksalad (Heteranthera limosa), and barnyardgrass (Echinochloa crus-galli) were grown to the 2-leaf stage for testing. At time of treatment, test pots were flooded to 3 cm above the soil surface, treated by application of test compounds directly to the paddy water, and then maintained at that water depth for the duration of the test.

Treated plants and controls were maintained in a greenhouse for 13 to 15 days, after which time all species were compared to controls and visually evaluated. Plant response ratings, summarized in Table C, are based on a scale of 0 to 100 where 0 is no effect and 100 is complete control. A dash (-) response means no test result.

TABLE C 250 g ai/ha Flood Compounds 4 10 11 12 13 14 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 Barnyardgrass 0 0 0 10 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Ducksalad 0 0 0 40 40 40 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 60 Rice 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Sedge, Umbrella 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 40 Compounds 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 32 35 38 41 42 43 44 Barnyardgrass 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 65 0 0 0 0 0 Ducksalad 0 30 0 30 0 0 0 90 100 60 0 0 0 0 Rice 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 20 80 0 0 0 0 0 Sedge, Umbrella 40 20 0 40 0 0 0 85 100 30 0 0 0 0 Compounds 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 57 58 59 Barnyardgrass 0 20 0 0 0 0 0 0 20 0 25 0 0 0 Ducksalad 0 60 0 0 0 30 30 0 80 60 100 90 80 0 Rice 0 35 0 0 0 0 0 0 20 0 25 0 0 0 Sedge, Umbrella 0 50 0 0 0 0 0 0 75 0 90 75 40 0 Compounds 60 62 63 64 70 73 89 90 96 97 103 104 105 106 Barnyardgrass 20 35 60 35 0 0 0 0 15 0 60 20 45 0 Ducksalad 80 100 100 95 0 0 30 0 90 0 40 75 40 0 Rice 30 40 25 0 0 0 0 0 30 0 30 0 35 0 Sedge, Umbrella 50 90 85 80 0 0 80 0 100 50 80 80 70 0 Compounds 107 108 109 110 111 112 113 114 115 116 117 118 119 120 Barnyardgrass 0 0 30 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 50 0 90 Ducksalad 0 0 85 30 0 30 95 75 0 95 0 100 40 100 Rice 0 0 35 0 0 0 15 15 0 30 0 45 0 90 Sedge, Umbrella 0 0 80 60 0 95 95 75 0 90 0 100 40 95 Compounds 121 122 123 124 125 126 127 128 129 130 131 132 133 134 Barnyardgrass 60 0 0 0 0 95 50 0 0 65 75 30 40 0 Ducksalad 90 0 0 80 80 100 100 0 0 90 95 40 80 40 Rice 45 0 0 0 0 75 60 0 0 30 60 20 40 0 Sedge, Umbrella 90 0 30 85 90 100 100 0 0 90 95 75 80 75 Compounds 135 136 137 138 139 140 141 142 143 144 145 146 147 149 Barnyardgrass 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 30 98 45 0 0 0 Ducksalad 0 40 20 20 30 0 30 0 85 90 90 0 0 80 Rice 0 0 0 0 20 0 0 0 35 40 35 0 0 0 Sedge, Umbrella 0 40 0 0 0 0 0 0 100 85 95 0 0 65 Compounds 150 151 152 153 154 155 156 157 158 159 160 161 162 163 Barnyardgrass 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Ducksalad 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 40 50 0 0 0 0 0 Rice 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Sedge, Umbrella 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 40 0 0 0 0 0 0 Compounds 164 165 166 167 168 169 170 171 173 174 175 176 177 178 Barnyardgrass 0 0 0 0 90 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 40 Ducksalad 0 0 0 0 90 0 0 0 80 0 0 75 60 90 Rice 0 0 0 0 40 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 20 0 Sedge, Umbrella 0 0 0 0 90 0 0 0 60 0 0 30 40 85 Compounds 179 180 181 182 183 184 185 186 187 188 189 190 191 192 Barnyardgrass 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 20 0 Ducksalad 80 90 0 0 85 0 0 0 50 30 0 0 80 60 Rice 40 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Sedge, Umbrella 80 80 0 0 75 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 85 40 Compounds 193 194 196 197 198 199 200 201 202 203 204 205 206 207 Barnyardgrass 0 0 30 20 40 0 90 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Ducksalad 65 80 55 0 85 0 100 0 80 0 0 0 70 30 Rice 0 0 0 0 25 0 35 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Sedge, Umbrella 0 0 70 0 100 80 100 0 80 0 0 0 70 30 Compounds 208 209 210 211 212 213 214 215 216 217 218 219 220 221 Barnyardgrass 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 20 0 0 20 0 Ducksalad 0 0 85 70 75 75 0 0 0 40 0 0 80 100 Rice 0 0 0 0 20 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Sedge, Umbrella 0 0 40 20 75 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 75 95 Compounds 222 223 224 225 226 227 228 229 230 231 232 233 234 236 Barnyardgrass 0 0 0 0 20 0 40 55 40 0 0 0 0 0 Ducksalad 30 65 70 0 85 98 85 90 85 65 0 0 0 75 Rice 0 0 0 0 20 0 0 15 20 0 0 0 0 0 Sedge, Umbrella 0 70 65 0 65 85 90 90 85 70 0 0 0 40 Compounds 237 238 239 Barnyardgrass 0 20 0 Ducksalad 0 45 0 Rice 0 15 0 Sedge, Umbrella 0 65 0 TEST D

Seeds of plant species selected from blackgrass (Alopecurus myosuroides), Italian ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum), winter wheat (Triticum aestivum), galium (catchweed bedstraw, Galium aparine), corn (Zea mays), large (Lg) crabgrass (Digitaria sanguinalis), giant foxtail (Setaria faberii), johnsongrass (Sorghum halepense), lambsquarters (Chenopodium album), morningglory (Ipomoea coccinea), yellow nutsedge (Cyperus esculentus), pigweed (Amaranthus retroflexus), ragweed (common ragweed, Ambrosia elation), soybean (Glycine max), barnyardgrass (Echinochloa crus-galli), oilseed rape (Brassica napus), waterhemp (common waterhemp, Amaranthus rudis), and velvetleaf (Abutilon theophrasti) were planted into a blend of loam soil and sand and treated preemergence with test chemicals formulated in a non-phytotoxic solvent mixture which included a surfactant.

At the same time, plants selected from these crop and weed species and also kochia (Kochia scoparia), wild oat (Avena fatua), and chickweed (common chickweed, Stellaria media) were planted in pots containing Redi-Earth® planting medium (Scotts Company, 14111 Scottslawn Road, Marysville, Ohio 43041) comprising spaghnum peat moss, vermiculite, wetting agent and starter nutrients and treated with postemergence applications of test chemicals formulated in the same manner. Plants ranged in height from 2 to 18 cm (1- to 4-leaf stage) for postemergence treatments.

Plant species in the flooded paddy test consisted of rice (Oryza sativa), small-flower umbrella sedge (Cyperus difformis), ducksalad (Heteranthera limosa), and barnyardgrass (Echinochloa crus-galli) grown to the 2-leaf stage for testing. At time of treatment, test pots were flooded to 3 cm above the soil surface, treated by application of test compounds directly to the paddy water, and then maintained at that water depth for the duration of the test.

Treated plants and controls were maintained in a greenhouse for 13 to 15 days, after which time all species were compared to controls and visually evaluated. Plant response ratings, summarized in Table D, are based on a scale of 0 to 100 where 0 is no effect and 100 is complete control. A dash (-) response means no test result.

TABLE D Postemergence 250 g ai/ha Compound 62 Barnyardgrass 95 Blackgrass 60 Chickweed 100 Corn 10 Crabgrass, Large 65 Foxtail, Giant 55 Galium 100 Johnsongrass 85 Kochia 100 Lambsguarters 100 Morningglory 98 Nutsedge, Yellow 10 Oat, Wild 60 Oilseed Rape 100 Pigweed 100 Ragweed 85 Ryegrass, Italian 40 Soybean 98 Velvetleaf 85 Waterhemp 100 Wheat 40 125 g ai/ha Compounds 50 53 54 55 57 58 60 62 63 96 113 116 118 120 Barnyardgrass 0 35 10 15 10 5 10 30 10 5 25 30 30 40 Blackgrass 0 30 5 50 15 5 20 40 25 20 40 35 35 55 Chickweed 5 90 5 100 75 30 75 98 100 98 95 90 98 100 Corn 5 0 5 20 10 5 5 15 10 5 25 10 15 15 Crabgrass, Large 5 30 5 15 10 5 5 50 35 10 25 40 20 65 Foxtail, Giant 35 30 50 75 20 30 10 20 20 10 10 60 20 25 Galium 60 90 75 90 95 55 65 100 70 98 90 90 98 100 Johnsongrass 0 5 5 15 5 5 5 75 45 10 10 — 45 85 Kochia 15 100 80 100 100 80 90 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 Lambsguarters 5 100 70 98 80 90 75 100 90 95 90 100 95 100 Morningglory 20 55 85 85 65 65 40 95 70 30 80 30 80 100 Nutsedge, Yellow — — — 5 5 0 5 5 5 5 15 25 10 15 Oat, Wild 0 20 5 40 15 0 5 50 35 20 25 15 50 60 Oilseed Rape 30 85 60 100 90 75 90 98 100 65 90 70 95 95 Pigweed 30 100 60 100 75 75 70 100 95 98 100 90 98 100 Ragweed 15 55 35 90 98 60 70 65 55 40 90 75 85 85 Ryegrass, Italian 0 5 0 15 0 0 0 30 30 10 5 10 5 50 Soybean 40 98 80 95 90 75 95 98 98 35 75 95 90 95 Velvetleaf 40 100 40 85 80 85 80 75 40 35 70 75 85 100 Waterhemp 40 100 75 100 98 75 70 98 98 100 90 100 98 100 Wheat 5 0 5 35 20 10 20 10 5 10 5 5 5 0 Compounds 121 130 131 143 144 145 149 153 162 168 169 170 178 179 Barnyardgrass 45 25 20 65 15 30 10 5 15 75 5 5 20 5 Blackgrass 50 30 30 30 75 80 30 0 45 20 25 5 15 20 Chickweed 100 95 100 80 95 100 60 25 85 100 80 100 80 95 Corn 25 10 25 10 5 10 5 5 5 20 10 5 10 15 Crabgrass, Large 55 25 20 35 20 20 15 10 20 40 10 10 15 5 Foxtail, Giant 40 25 15 50 25 20 30 5 20 60 55 40 25 30 Galium 95 100 95 100 95 90 95 80 80 100 75 80 85 75 Johnsongrass 60 10 45 30 50 40 10 10 20 20 5 5 10 5 Kochia 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 60 100 100 95 100 100 100 Lambsguarters 100 100 100 100 95 95 85 50 95 90 80 80 90 100 Morningglory 98 85 95 100 — 80 80 25 75 85 65 98 90 90 Nutsedge, Yellow 20 25 10 5 5 10 5 5 10 15 5 10 5 5 Oat, Wild 70 60 35 5 10 15 5 0 10 30 10 10 5 20 Oilseed Rape 95 95 85 65 — — 85 85 — 100 60 25 95 100 Pigweed 100 98 100 100 100 98 90 70 100 98 98 98 90 98 Ragweed 98 40 75 30 75 65 45 55 50 55 35 10 35 60 Ryegrass, Italian 55 15 25 15 10 10 0 0 5 15 15 5 5 20 Soybean 95 95 65 60 — 75 65 90 50 90 25 35 45 70 Velvetleaf 85 100 85 65 98 80 65 50 — 90 30 25 75 70 Waterhemp 100 98 98 100 100 100 100 65 100 98 90 85 90 98 Wheat 0 35 0 5 10 10 10 10 5 35 10 15 10 35 Compounds 180 183 185 191 192 198 200 212 221 224 228 229 230 Barnyardgrass 5 5 5 10 5 35 15 25 10 15 35 10 5 Blackgrass 5 20 0 5 5 15 90 10 40 0 35 10 10 Chickweed 95 70 5 90 55 95 100 80 100 80 100 85 80 Corn 15 20 5 10 10 15 15 15 10 5 10 5 15 Crabgrass, Large 5 10 10 20 10 30 35 15 30 10 45 5 10 Foxtail, Giant 45 5 5 5 15 25 15 10 35 40 40 15 10 Galium 100 95 5 85 50 98 100 80 100 60 100 80 95 Johnsongrass 5 10 5 5 5 35 40 20 15 5 60 25 5 Kochia 100 100 30 90 95 100 100 100 100 100 100 98 100 Lambsguarters 98 75 20 85 75 75 98 98 98 85 95 85 70 Morningglory 90 90 65 85 45 85 98 98 85 80 75 35 70 Nutsedge, Yellow 15 5 30 10 5 10 15 5 10 5 10 10 5 Oat, Wild 30 25 5 5 5 10 55 10 35 0 55 10 10 Oilseed Rape 90 100 0 90 50 90 100 35 90 98 98 80 75 Pigweed 98 95 50 60 55 100 98 100 100 90 98 80 85 Ragweed 65 65 25 65 45 60 40 60 75 70 60 60 55 Ryegrass, Italian 20 10 0 5 0 10 35 5 10 0 25 5 5 Soybean 85 90 45 95 85 60 98 90 90 75 80 70 85 Velvetleaf 55 55 25 50 55 55 75 90 100 60 80 70 65 Waterhemp 98 98 30 65 70 98 100 100 100 85 100 85 80 Wheat 30 30 0 0 5 5 20 15 0 15 10 10 15 62 g ai/ha Compounds 35 50 53 54 55 57 58 60 62 63 96 113 116 118 Barnyardgrass 20 0 25 5 15 5 0 10 35 10 5 20 20 20 Blackgrass 60 0 20 5 30 0 0 5 25 20 10 10 5 15 Chickweed 100 5 80 5 98 55 15 60 95 98 90 90 30 90 Corn 20 0 0 5 10 5 5 5 10 5 5 20 5 15 Crabgrass, Large 10 0 15 5 10 10 5 5 35 10 5 25 25 15 Foxtail, Giant 15 5 25 10 40 20 15 5 25 10 10 10 10 10 Galium 85 5 95 55 90 65 60 50 85 70 80 90 70 90 Johnsongrass 35 0 5 5 10 5 0 0 25 25 5 5 20 10 Kochia 100 5 100 80 100 95 60 55 100 98 85 100 100 95 Lambsguarters 95 50 100 5 98 70 60 55 98 85 90 95 80 90 Morningglory 98 10 85 75 80 45 45 25 95 98 40 85 10 85 Nutsedge, Yellow 5 — — — 5 5 0 0 5 5 5 5 10 10 Oat, Wild 45 0 30 5 40 5 0 0 40 25 20 10 10 15 Oilseed Rape 98 10 95 50 100 75 60 65 90 98 65 90 55 60 Pigweed 95 5 90 80 98 55 40 55 100 90 98 95 90 95 Ragweed 75 5 55 5 65 60 65 40 60 55 10 90 60 55 Ryegrass, Italian 20 0 5 0 10 0 0 0 5 5 10 5 5 5 Soybean 95 20 95 50 90 85 60 95 95 55 55 65 30 60 Velvetleaf 65 0 70 40 75 70 60 65 70 40 35 70 70 70 Waterhemp 98 0 90 80 98 75 55 50 98 98 98 85 90 95 Wheat 10 5 0 0 30 15 10 5 20 5 0 5 5 0 Compounds 120 121 130 131 143 144 145 149 153 156 162 168 169 170 Barnyardgrass 25 25 10 10 10 10 10 5 5 5 15 10 5 5 Blackgrass 60 30 20 5 20 15 25 0 0 5 30 15 0 5 Chickweed 100 100 80 98 60 95 95 30 20 70 60 100 70 90 Corn 10 20 10 10 5 10 5 5 5 5 5 10 10 5 Crabgrass, Large 35 40 20 10 15 15 10 10 5 10 10 15 10 5 Foxtail, Giant 15 15 10 15 10 25 20 10 5 35 10 40 25 40 Galium 100 100 95 95 70 90 80 70 70 70 60 95 70 65 Johnsongrass 40 60 5 25 30 10 5 15 5 10 10 5 0 0 Kochia 100 100 100 95 100 100 100 100 40 45 100 100 90 85 Lambsguarters 100 100 100 98 98 90 85 80 30 40 75 85 35 40 Morningglory 80 90 85 75 90 85 85 70 15 65 75 85 55 70 Nutsedge, Yellow 10 5 20 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 10 0 5 Oat, Wild 55 70 35 20 5 5 15 0 0 0 5 20 5 5 Oilseed Rape 90 95 75 80 60 95 — 60 60 45 40 100 10 40 Pigweed 100 100 98 98 100 100 98 95 40 75 100 95 80 98 Ragweed 70 75 75 65 10 70 50 30 25 15 40 55 25 10 Ryegrass, Italian 10 40 10 5 0 10 10 0 0 0 5 5 5 5 Soybean 70 90 98 75 60 95 75 65 70 30 40 40 15 10 Velvetleaf 100 80 75 80 50 75 75 40 60 25 75 45 20 25 Waterhemp 100 100 98 90 100 100 100 95 35 90 100 98 90 100 Wheat 0 0 30 0 5 10 5 0 5 10 5 30 10 10 Compounds 178 179 180 183 185 191 192 198 200 212 221 224 228 229 Barnyardgrass 10 5 5 5 0 5 5 20 10 15 5 10 20 5 Blackgrass 10 15 5 5 0 0 0 10 40 0 5 5 25 15 Chickweed 60 95 85 65 5 70 50 60 100 30 80 40 98 80 Corn 5 10 10 15 5 10 5 15 10 10 5 5 10 5 Crabgrass, Large 20 5 5 5 10 10 10 20 25 10 25 10 35 5 Foxtail, Giant 5 40 30 5 5 5 25 15 10 15 5 5 20 5 Galium 98 70 100 95 5 85 50 98 100 65 100 60 98 65 Johnsongrass 15 5 5 5 5 5 5 35 45 20 15 5 25 0 Kochia 100 100 100 100 5 85 90 100 100 100 100 95 100 98 Lambsguarters 75 75 98 65 15 70 40 70 85 98 95 80 90 70 Morningglory 100 85 90 90 10 60 10 80 85 75 80 35 80 25 Nutsedge, Yellow 10 5 10 5 0 5 0 15 5 10 5 5 5 10 Oat, Wild 5 15 5 10 0 5 0 10 30 5 10 0 40 10 Oilseed Rape 80 85 80 100 0 60 5 60 100 20 90 50 80 60 Pigweed 85 98 75 85 35 30 55 90 85 100 98 85 95 70 Ragweed 20 50 35 60 15 60 15 55 60 55 45 55 60 70 Ryegrass, Italian 5 5 5 5 0 0 0 10 35 0 20 0 15 0 Soybean 35 70 70 75 35 75 55 30 90 85 85 65 80 45 Velvetleaf 60 30 35 55 10 30 30 55 70 60 80 30 65 45 Waterhemp 85 95 90 75 25 70 55 95 98 100 100 85 95 80 Wheat 5 30 15 30 0 0 5 5 25 5 5 0 10 5 Compound 230 Barnyardgrass 10 Blackgrass 10 Chickweed 75 Corn 0 Crabgrass, Large 5 Foxtail, Giant 10 Galium 85 Johnsongrass 5 Kochia 100 Lambsguarters 80 Morningglory 5 Nutsedge, Yellow 5 Oat, Wild 5 Oilseed Rape 75 Pigweed 70 Ragweed 55 Ryegrass, Italian 5 Soybean 65 Velvetleaf 55 Waterhemp 75 Wheat 5 31 g ai/ha Compounds 35 50 53 54 55 57 58 60 62 63 96 113 116 118 Barnyardgrass 20 0 10 5 10 5 0 0 50 10 0 15 5 20 Blackgrass 40 0 40 5 10 0 0 0 20 10 10 15 5 10 Chickweed 85 0 80 5 75 50 10 50 70 65 85 85 15 70 Corn 10 0 0 0 10 5 0 0 10 5 15 10 10 10 Crabgrass, Large 10 0 20 5 10 5 5 5 55 5 5 20 5 10 Foxtail, Giant 10 0 20 30 50 10 0 5 25 5 5 5 5 15 Galium 75 15 85 55 90 50 45 40 85 70 90 80 60 90 Johnsongrass 5 0 0 0 5 0 0 0 25 5 0 5 20 5 Kochia 100 0 100 55 100 90 50 50 98 95 60 100 100 95 Lambsguarters 85 5 80 5 85 40 75 20 98 70 65 85 60 85 Morningglory 85 0 80 75 70 45 45 40 85 50 40 75 10 85 Nutsedge, Yellow 5 — — — 5 5 0 0 5 0 5 5 5 5 Oat, Wild 40 0 10 0 15 0 0 0 30 20 20 15 5 10 Oilseed Rape 80 5 80 20 95 55 10 50 80 90 45 50 10 30 Pigweed 90 5 90 80 85 55 25 35 98 85 95 90 75 95 Ragweed 85 5 50 0 40 50 45 30 65 40 10 60 35 45 Ryegrass, Italian 5 0 5 0 5 0 0 0 5 0 5 5 0 0 Soybean 80 5 90 10 75 70 40 65 80 45 50 55 55 60 Velvetleaf 55 0 60 5 50 50 35 50 60 25 35 60 65 75 Waterhemp 95 0 90 60 90 55 40 30 98 85 95 80 90 90 Wheat 5 0 0 0 25 5 5 5 30 0 0 0 0 0 Compounds 120 121 130 131 143 144 145 149 153 156 157 162 168 169 Barnyardgrass 15 25 10 10 5 5 5 5 5 0 5 10 5 5 Blackgrass 35 25 5 5 10 15 20 0 0 5 5 30 15 0 Chickweed 100 100 80 80 50 80 80 30 20 45 75 60 98 40 Corn 15 20 25 5 5 5 5 5 0 5 5 5 5 5 Crabgrass, Large 25 10 20 5 10 10 10 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 Foxtail, Giant 10 10 5 10 10 10 10 10 0 10 20 10 35 5 Galium 98 90 90 85 70 85 80 60 70 60 70 60 95 70 Johnsongrass 30 35 5 5 5 10 5 10 0 5 0 5 5 0 Kochia 100 100 95 90 100 100 100 90 50 30 90 100 100 60 Lambsguarters 100 100 100 98 80 80 85 70 35 35 55 65 85 40 Morningglory 98 75 80 75 — 85 85 60 5 15 35 65 85 15 Nutsedge, Yellow 10 10 5 0 5 5 5 0 0 5 10 0 5 0 Oat, Wild 40 45 15 15 0 0 10 0 0 0 10 5 10 5 Oilseed Rape 85 80 80 45 50 80 70 30 40 40 25 5 100 5 Pigweed 100 98 95 98 90 98 95 85 20 60 65 90 85 80 Ragweed 55 65 60 45 5 60 50 30 10 10 25 30 50 5 Ryegrass, Italian 5 10 5 5 0 5 0 0 0 0 5 0 5 0 Soybean 70 60 55 15 30 80 60 40 40 25 35 10 75 5 Velvetleaf 85 80 80 65 30 55 70 30 20 15 40 40 40 10 Waterhemp 100 95 85 90 100 85 90 80 10 70 75 98 90 90 Wheat 0 0 5 0 5 10 5 0 0 5 0 0 10 5 Compounds 170 178 179 180 183 185 191 192 198 200 212 221 224 228 Barnyardgrass 0 15 0 0 5 0 5 5 10 10 5 5 5 20 Blackgrass 0 5 5 0 5 0 0 0 5 30 0 10 0 15 Chickweed 65 50 80 60 60 0 55 50 60 95 30 85 15 85 Corn 5 5 10 5 15 0 5 0 10 5 5 0 5 10 Crabgrass, Large 5 10 5 5 5 0 10 5 15 10 10 10 5 20 Foxtail, Giant 30 5 5 50 5 5 5 25 15 20 10 5 5 10 Galium 50 80 80 75 65 0 70 50 75 100 60 80 50 98 Johnsongrass 0 10 5 0 5 0 5 5 20 20 5 5 5 10 Kochia 60 95 100 90 95 0 80 80 95 100 100 100 70 100 Lambsguarters 40 70 75 80 65 10 70 50 55 80 80 95 75 85 Morningglory 30 100 65 55 75 25 65 0 55 50 98 65 35 65 Nutsedge, Yellow 5 5 5 0 5 0 5 5 5 5 5 5 0 5 Oat, Wild 5 0 5 5 5 0 0 0 5 30 0 10 0 20 Oilseed Rape 5 80 75 60 85 0 40 0 50 85 — 70 10 85 Pigweed 90 85 90 75 85 35 30 20 98 85 100 95 85 95 Ragweed 5 5 25 40 35 20 40 5 55 55 40 50 55 35 Ryegrass, Italian 0 0 5 0 0 0 0 0 0 25 0 5 0 5 Soybean 10 35 45 60 55 30 65 30 25 85 70 25 40 55 Velvetleaf 5 40 20 40 55 10 30 20 45 60 50 65 25 40 Waterhemp 80 80 90 75 80 25 60 40 85 90 98 85 75 95 Wheat 20 5 10 5 20 0 0 0 0 10 5 0 0 5 Compounds 229 230 Barnyardgrass 5 5 Blackgrass 10 10 Chickweed 60 65 Corn 20 0 Crabgrass, Large 0 5 Foxtail, Giant 5 5 Galium 70 85 Johnsongrass 0 0 Kochia 90 85 Lambsguarters 70 70 Morningglory 25 5 Nutsedge, Yellow 0 0 Oat, Wild 10 0 Oilseed Rape 70 60 Pigweed 60 65 Ragweed 50 40 Ryegrass, Italian 0 0 Soybean 40 55 Velvetleaf 60 40 Waterhemp 70 70 Wheat 10 5 16 g ai/ha Compounds 35 50 53 54 55 57 58 60 63 96 113 116 118 120 Barnyardgrass 15 0 5 0 5 0 0 0 5 0 10 5 10 10 Blackgrass 35 0 5 0 5 0 0 0 5 0 5 0 5 20 Chickweed 85 0 50 5 70 30 5 45 60 60 70 5 75 95 Corn 5 0 0 0 10 0 0 0 5 5 5 5 5 15 Crabgrass, Large 10 0 10 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 10 5 10 30 Foxtail, Giant 5 0 40 0 40 0 0 0 0 0 5 5 5 10 Galium 70 30 60 50 80 40 40 30 60 70 80 60 85 98 Johnsongrass 10 0 0 0 5 0 0 0 5 0 5 10 5 5 Kochia 100 0 90 50 98 75 35 50 90 25 90 100 95 98 Lambsguarters 80 0 70 0 75 60 10 20 10 65 70 40 75 100 Morningglory 60 0 50 5 70 5 20 0 50 85 85 15 85 85 Nutsedge, Yellow 5 — — — 0 0 0 0 0 0 5 5 5 5 Oat, Wild 10 0 5 0 5 0 0 5 0 15 10 5 5 35 Oilseed Rape 45 5 70 5 95 30 5 60 60 40 80 50 5 80 Pigweed 80 0 85 60 85 30 20 20 85 98 90 75 80 98 Ragweed 45 5 50 0 25 20 20 15 10 0 80 40 80 40 Ryegrass, Italian 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 5 0 0 5 Soybean 65 5 60 15 65 40 55 65 35 15 80 40 75 90 Velvetleaf 50 0 55 0 35 10 60 40 10 20 60 55 65 70 Waterhemp 75 0 80 45 85 60 35 15 85 85 85 70 85 90 Wheat 0 0 0 0 5 0 0 0 0 0 0 70 0 0 Compounds 121 130 131 143 144 145 149 153 156 157 162 168 169 170 Barnyardgrass 20 10 10 5 5 5 5 5 0 5 5 5 5 0 Blackgrass 5 0 5 10 5 15 0 0 0 5 0 10 0 0 Chickweed 95 80 65 45 70 70 5 20 5 50 50 65 5 30 Corn 10 10 5 5 5 5 0 0 5 5 5 5 0 5 Crabgrass, Large 15 10 5 10 5 5 5 0 5 5 5 5 5 5 Foxtail, Giant 10 5 10 5 5 5 5 0 5 40 10 35 0 5 Galium 80 65 80 50 80 80 60 70 20 60 60 70 55 50 Johnsongrass 35 0 5 0 5 5 5 0 0 0 5 5 0 0 Kochia 98 90 85 100 100 100 90 50 10 80 100 100 40 5 Lambsguarters 98 85 95 80 85 70 55 15 25 25 50 55 5 10 Morningglory 65 55 70 95 85 85 25 5 5 20 45 40 15 30 Nutsedge, Yellow 5 0 0 0 5 5 0 0 0 5 0 5 0 0 Oat, Wild 25 5 10 0 0 5 0 0 0 0 5 10 0 0 Oilseed Rape 70 60 60 50 25 60 20 50 5 5 5 85 0 5 Pigweed 98 85 85 75 85 90 85 20 65 65 75 60 75 60 Ragweed 20 70 30 0 25 10 5 10 5 20 20 20 5 5 Ryegrass, Italian 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 5 0 0 Soybean 55 50 30 30 60 50 30 35 15 10 25 45 5 10 Velvetleaf 75 80 45 30 35 60 10 5 10 10 20 40 10 5 Waterhemp 95 75 85 85 85 85 80 5 35 75 95 80 55 65 Wheat 0 5 0 0 5 5 0 0 0 0 0 10 0 0 Compounds 178 179 180 183 185 191 192 198 200 212 220 221 224 228 Barnyardgrass 10 0 0 5 0 5 5 10 5 5 10 0 5 15 Blackgrass 0 5 0 0 0 0 0 5 30 0 5 5 0 15 Chickweed 50 70 60 30 0 50 0 5 60 10 40 75 10 85 Corn 0 5 5 10 0 5 0 5 5 5 5 0 0 5 Crabgrass, Large 5 5 5 5 0 5 5 10 10 5 15 10 5 15 Foxtail, Giant 0 5 60 5 35 5 10 10 5 10 5 35 0 10 Galium 75 70 65 65 0 40 35 70 75 60 60 80 40 85 Johnsongrass 10 0 0 0 0 5 0 5 15 5 5 0 5 10 Kochia 90 90 85 90 0 50 50 60 95 90 100 98 35 100 Lambsguarters 25 70 70 35 10 50 35 10 70 40 70 85 55 85 Morningglory 70 30 40 65 0 65 0 55 55 75 75 65 15 65 Nutsedge, Yellow 5 5 0 5 0 0 0 5 5 10 5 5 0 5 Oat, Wild 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 5 20 0 5 5 0 10 Oilseed Rape 35 40 5 5 0 0 0 30 70 10 10 70 0 65 Pigweed 80 80 70 55 10 35 15 85 90 100 85 95 85 85 Ragweed 5 30 30 15 10 30 0 30 30 35 25 35 30 20 Ryegrass, Italian 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 20 0 0 5 0 0 Soybean 15 25 45 65 15 45 10 10 60 60 10 35 35 60 Velvetleaf 60 15 45 30 5 15 20 50 30 20 25 70 10 35 Waterhemp 70 60 40 80 5 25 20 85 80 80 80 70 70 90 Wheat 0 5 5 5 0 0 0 0 5 0 0 0 0 0 Compounds 229 230 Barnyardgrass 5 5 Blackgrass 0 0 Chickweed 60 65 Corn 5 0 Crabgrass, Large 0 0 Foxtail, Giant 0 5 Galium 70 80 Johnsongrass 0 0 Kochia 85 65 Lambsguarters 60 55 Morningglory 40 5 Nutsedge, Yellow 0 0 Oat, Wild 0 0 Oilseed Rape 45 50 Pigweed 55 60 Ragweed 35 30 Ryegrass, Italian 0 0 Soybean 20 50 Velvetleaf 15 25 Waterhemp 60 65 Wheat 0 5 8 g ai/ha Compounds 35 156 157 220 Barnyardgrass 10 0 0 10 Blackgrass 30 0 0 0 Chickweed 50 5 10 40 Corn 5 0 0 5 Crabgrass, Large 5 0 5 5 Foxtail, Giant 5 0 20 5 Galium 80 20 50 55 Johnsongrass 0 0 0 0 Kochia 95 0 20 100 Lambsguarters 75 10 25 35 Morningglory 25 5 5 25 Nutsedge, Yellow 5 0 5 0 Oat, Wild 5 0 0 0 Oilseed Rape 5 5 5 5 Pigweed 80 15 70 80 Ragweed 40 0 15 15 Ryegrass, Italian 0 0 0 0 Soybean 40 5 10 10 Velvetleaf 30 0 5 10 Waterhemp 75 5 55 70 Wheat 0 0 0 0 4 g ai/ha Compounds 157 220 Barnyardgrass 0 5 Blackgrass 0 0 Chickweed 5 10 Corn 0 5 Crabgrass, Large 0 5 Foxtail, Giant 0 5 Galium 10 50 Johnsongrass 0 0 Kochia 0 50 Lambsguarters 20 45 Morningglory 0 15 Nutsedge, Yellow 0 0 Oat, Wild 0 0 Oilseed Rape 0 5 Pigweed 35 75 Ragweed 50 15 Ryegrass, Italian 0 0 Soybean 5 10 Velvetleaf 5 15 Waterhemp 20 60 Wheat 0 0 2 g ai/ha Compounds 220 Barnyardgrass 5 Blackgrass 0 Chickweed 5 Corn 0 Crabgrass, Large 5 Foxtail, Giant 0 Galium 50 Johnsongrass 0 Kochia 20 Lambsguarters 55 Morningglory 35 Nutsedge, Yellow 0 Oat, Wild 0 Oilseed Rape 0 Pigweed 70 Ragweed 5 Ryegrass, Italian 0 Soybean 15 Velvetleaf 5 Waterhemp 15 Wheat 0 Preemergence 250 g ai/ha Compound 62 Barnyardgrass 100 Blackgrass 90 Corn 70 Crabgrass, Large 100 Foxtail, Giant 100 Galium 100 Johnsongrass 98 Lambsguarters 100 Morningglory 100 Nutsedge, Yellow 60 Oilseed Rape 100 Pigweed 100 Ragweed 85 Ryegrass, Italian 95 Soybean 95 Velvetleaf 100 Waterhemp 100 Wheat 50 125 g ai/ha Compounds 53 54 55 57 58 60 62 63 104 113 118 120 131 144 Barnyardgrass 95 95 100 85 80 75 100 100 70 100 100 100 100 100 Blackgrass 95 70 90 60 95 70 90 90 30 80 90 90 95 95 Corn 5 0 80 30 20 5 60 15 0 40 30 75 65 65 Crabgrass, Large 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 Foxtail, Giant 100 95 100 100 98 95 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 Galium 98 85 100 90 100 98 100 98 70 90 95 90 90 98 Johnsongrass 55 40 100 80 50 45 90 85 65 100 100 98 85 100 Lambsguarters 100 85 98 100 100 100 98 95 90 98 98 100 98 100 Morningglory 40 15 100 45 45 20 98 60 25 95 90 75 85 100 Nutsedge, Yellow 5 15 70 20 15 5 10 5 0 60 65 45 70 85 Oilseed Rape 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 98 50 100 100 100 95 100 Pigweed 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 Ragweed 85 35 95 100 100 90 75 70 60 90 85 100 25 100 Ryegrass, Italian 60 30 95 50 5 30 90 90 5 70 60 90 90 98 Soybean 80 20 98 95 85 95 85 60 25 80 95 50 85 95 Velvetleaf 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 65 100 100 100 98 100 Waterhemp 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 Wheat 5 0 60 5 0 0 40 45 5 20 5 5 5 25 Compounds 145 158 168 179 180 183 200 229 Barnyardgrass 100 20 100 35 80 90 100 100 Blackgrass 95 90 90 80 70 50 90 85 Corn 45 15 55 5 30 5 20 40 Crabgrass, Large 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 Foxtail, Giant 100 100 100 85 100 100 100 98 Galium 100 100 100 98 98 95 95 98 Johnsongrass 95 40 100 65 90 45 100 70 Lambsguarters 100 80 98 100 90 100 100 95 Morningglory 100 70 100 15 100 40 90 45 Nutsedge, Yellow 45 5 45 25 30 5 15 45 Oilseed Rape 100 98 100 100 100 100 100 100 Pigweed 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 Ragweed 100 50 100 60 55 10 80 95 Ryegrass, Italian 85 20 95 80 65 50 90 60 Soybean 90 95 85 45 80 80 85 95 Velvetleaf 100 70 100 100 100 100 100 100 Waterhemp 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 98 Wheat 10 0 85 35 30 0 40 15 62 g ai/ha Compounds 32 35 53 54 55 57 58 60 62 63 104 113 118 120 Barnyardgrass 98 100 40 10 100 75 65 30 98 98 25 98 100 90 Blackgrass 35 90 90 40 90 50 80 10 90 90 0 70 60 90 Corn 0 15 100 0 35 5 10 0 30 15 0 25 30 25 Crabgrass, Large 100 100 98 90 100 100 100 100 100 98 98 100 100 100 Foxtail, Giant 95 100 98 95 100 100 85 40 100 98 90 100 100 98 Galium 75 100 100 60 100 90 100 100 100 98 75 98 95 90 Johnsongrass 85 98 35 10 85 40 20 15 75 70 15 90 85 95 Lambsguarters 100 100 100 85 100 100 100 85 95 90 90 98 95 90 Morningglory 0 90 45 5 100 35 0 10 55 25 25 85 85 60 Nutsedge, Yellow 25 5 0 0 55 20 0 0 5 0 0 15 15 35 Oilseed Rape 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 90 98 98 30 100 100 95 Pigweed 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 Ragweed 70 80 55 10 90 100 75 65 65 55 55 85 70 25 Ryegrass, Italian 10 80 15 5 85 5 0 0 60 80 0 60 65 90 Soybean 65 85 55 20 95 95 80 65 70 45 25 90 80 60 Velvetleaf 85 100 100 85 100 100 100 100 100 100 70 100 100 100 Waterhemp 98 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 Wheat 5 15 0 0 25 0 0 0 10 10 5 10 0 5 Compounds 131 143 144 145 158 168 179 180 183 200 229 Barnyardgrass 85 98 100 85 35 100 15 35 30 100 65 Blackgrass 90 90 95 95 50 90 45 60 0 90 70 Corn 60 100 15 10 5 25 0 5 0 10 5 Crabgrass, Large 100 100 100 100 85 100 75 100 98 100 100 Foxtail, Giant 100 100 100 100 85 100 85 85 80 100 90 Galium 90 80 98 100 100 100 90 98 95 100 98 Johnsongrass 80 80 100 90 10 85 20 60 20 85 45 Lambsguarters 85 85 100 100 100 100 100 100 90 95 80 Morningglory 35 55 100 90 15 80 0 5 5 70 35 Nutsedge, Yellow 5 5 50 30 5 15 0 0 0 0 10 Oilseed Rape 85 95 100 100 90 100 — 100 100 100 100 Pigweed 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 Ragweed 0 40 100 75 70 100 40 15 0 70 55 Ryegrass, Italian 35 70 80 70 0 95 15 50 15 85 20 Soybean 50 25 90 75 45 55 30 60 35 40 60 Velvetleaf 80 85 100 100 40 100 85 90 90 100 100 Waterhemp 100 100 100 100 100 100 90 95 95 100 98 Wheat 0 0 25 5 0 45 0 0 0 20 0 31 g ai/ha C ompounds 32 35 53 54 55 57 58 60 62 63 104 113 118 120 Barnyardgrass 55 75 5 5 85 20 5 5 50 65 10 95 60 75 Blackgrass 30 90 25 5 90 5 5 5 5 85 0 40 10 60 Corn 0 0 10 0 20 0 20 0 35 5 0 0 5 35 Crabgrass, Large 98 100 95 75 100 85 90 55 95 98 85 100 100 100 Foxtail, Giant 85 98 85 10 100 90 15 5 95 80 80 100 100 98 Galium 65 100 95 85 100 70 98 85 100 98 80 90 98 98 Johnsongrass 75 60 0 0 75 10 10 0 30 35 20 70 70 55 Lambsguarters 98 98 100 60 100 100 100 80 100 90 80 98 90 95 Morningglory 5 55 0 0 50 20 25 0 25 0 5 35 5 30 Nutsedge, Yellow 0 5 0 0 10 10 0 0 0 0 0 10 0 5 Oilseed Rape 100 100 100 85 100 100 98 98 100 98 0 100 98 90 Pigweed 98 100 100 100 100 85 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 Ragweed 75 75 40 40 75 35 35 55 0 20 25 55 20 0 Ryegrass, Italian 0 30 10 5 35 0 0 0 40 40 0 10 5 35 Soybean 25 60 25 10 35 65 35 55 60 15 20 40 75 10 Velvetleaf 55 85 100 70 100 100 100 100 90 100 50 85 70 75 Waterhemp 100 100 100 85 100 90 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 Wheat 0 5 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 5 0 0 Compounds 131 143 144 145 157 158 168 179 180 183 200 229 Barnyardgrass 75 70 80 85 5 5 75 5 0 5 95 55 Blackgrass 80 15 95 90 5 15 90 30 0 0 90 15 Corn 10 5 5 5 0 0 15 0 0 0 0 5 Crabgrass, Large 100 100 98 100 40 90 100 65 75 70 100 85 Foxtail, Giant 100 100 100 100 20 55 100 30 60 35 100 70 Galium 30 80 98 98 85 50 100 90 80 50 98 80 Johnsongrass 30 60 75 75 5 0 95 0 10 5 60 10 Lambsguarters 80 85 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 85 98 80 Morningglory 40 35 75 55 10 15 70 0 0 0 45 0 Nutsedge, Yellow 5 0 30 0 0 0 5 0 0 0 0 0 Oilseed Rape 50 85 100 100 100 50 100 95 95 100 100 100 Pigweed 100 100 100 100 100 75 100 100 98 60 100 100 Ragweed 0 30 85 60 0 60 45 30 5 0 5 50 Ryegrass, Italian 20 5 60 35 5 0 95 5 0 0 80 20 Soybean 10 10 75 60 50 25 30 0 25 10 10 35 Velvetleaf 65 75 100 100 75 25 100 65 85 80 100 90 Waterhemp 100 98 100 100 100 100 100 90 95 100 100 100 Wheat 0 0 5 0 5 0 5 0 0 0 5 0 Compounds 32 35 53 54 55 57 58 60 63 104 113 118 120 131 Barnyardgrass 5 65 0 0 25 5 5 0 30 0 30 10 25 30 Blackgrass 0 70 5 5 15 5 0 0 30 0 10 0 70 5 Corn 0 0 5 0 5 0 5 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Crabgrass, Large 90 100 65 10 100 75 25 5 65 65 98 100 98 98 Foxtail, Giant 35 90 10 0 100 50 0 0 30 30 85 98 95 80 Galium 25 100 85 50 100 80 0 98 75 90 90 60 90 95 Johnsongrass 45 10 0 0 30 0 10 0 5 5 10 10 50 0 Lambsguarters 95 100 100 5 100 80 25 10 95 65 85 90 70 75 Morningglory 0 0 0 0 10 10 10 0 0 5 20 30 0 0 Nutsedge, Yellow 65 0 20 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Oilseed Rape 80 98 80 60 100 100 60 80 70 0 98 85 50 10 Pigweed 100 100 95 5 100 75 50 75 95 100 100 100 100 100 Ragweed 60 40 0 10 70 25 100 15 75 40 40 85 0 0 Ryegrass, Italian 0 0 0 0 15 0 0 0 0 0 5 0 5 0 Soybean 15 30 0 0 25 — 30 35 5 10 35 80 75 5 Velvetleaf 40 85 100 15 90 100 85 60 40 25 70 80 50 20 Waterhemp 100 100 100 25 100 100 100 80 90 100 100 100 100 100 Wheat 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 16 g ai/ha Compounds 143 144 145 157 158 168 179 180 183 200 229 Barnyardgrass 20 70 65 0 0 35 0 0 5 35 15 Blackgrass 10 55 15 0 0 85 0 0 0 85 15 Corn 0 0 0 5 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Crabgrass, Large 98 90 85 5 25 100 10 30 5 98 75 Foxtail, Giant 85 100 85 0 5 100 5 5 5 95 5 Galium 10 95 90 80 0 100 90 75 50 85 40 Johnsongrass 15 20 10 0 0 35 0 0 0 25 10 Lambsguarters 70 100 100 100 75 90 75 95 80 75 35 Morningglory 10 20 15 0 5 5 0 0 0 5 0 Nutsedge, Yellow 0 15 0 0 0 5 0 0 0 0 0 Oilseed Rape 0 98 40 40 40 95 30 70 50 85 90 Pigweed 100 100 100 100 70 85 30 80 50 100 100 Ragweed 0 75 25 0 80 35 25 0 0 0 35 Ryegrass, Italian 5 5 0 0 0 70 0 0 0 30 0 Soybean 5 35 10 0 0 5 0 5 0 100 5 Velvetleaf 30 100 90 45 35 85 15 75 40 100 70 Waterhemp 100 100 100 100 100 100 75 40 10 98 95 Wheat 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 8 g ai/ha Compounds 32 35 143 157 Barnyardgrass 0 5 5 0 Blackgrass 0 70 0 0 Corn 0 0 0 0 Crabgrass, Large 100 80 60 0 Foxtail, Giant 0 70 40 0 Galium 0 85 10 80 Johnsongrass 0 0 35 0 Lambsguarters 95 100 25 25 Morningglory 0 0 0 0 Nutsedge, Yellow 60 0 0 0 Oilseed Rape 50 85 0 0 Pigweed 100 100 90 100 Ragweed 75 55 0 0 Ryegrass, Italian 0 0 0 0 Soybean 10 10 0 0 Velvetleaf 5 65 35 5 Waterhemp 100 100 95 70 Wheat 0 0 0 0 4 g ai/ha Compound 157 Barnyardgrass 0 Blackgrass 0 Corn 0 Crabgrass, Large 0 Foxtail, Giant 0 Galium 70 Johnsongrass 0 Lambsguarters 0 Morningglory 0 Nutsedge, Yellow 0 Oilseed Rape 0 Pigweed 20 Ragweed 0 Ryegrass, Italian 0 Soybean 0 Velvetleaf 0 Waterhemp 0 Wheat 0 Flood 250 g ai/ha Compounds 1 32 40 53 55 144 145 178 180 221 Barnyardgrass 0 20 0 0 30 35 35 0 10 60 Ducksalad 0 95 40 80 90 100 95 70 75 90 Rice 0 15 0 0 0 40 35 0 0 40 Sedge, Umbrella 0 90 50 75 100 95 90 75 80 95 125 g ai/ha Compounds 1 32 40 53 55 144 145 178 180 Barnyardgrass 0 10 0 0 10 15 0 0 10 Ducksalad 0 65 20 80 85 90 95 70 75 Rice 0 0 0 0 0 25 15 0 0 Sedge, Umbrella 0 65 30 70 85 95 90 60 75 62 g ai/ha Compounds 1 32 40 53 55 144 145 178 180 221 Barnyardgrass 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 40 Ducksalad 0 60 0 50 80 85 85 65 0 80 Rice 0 0 0 0 0 15 15 0 0 15 Sedge, Umbrella 0 40 0 0 75 80 75 60 50 80 31 g ai/ha Compounds 1 32 40 53 55 144 145 178 180 Barnyardgrass 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Ducksalad 0 0 0 40 75 75 80 40 0 Rice 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Sedge, Umbrella 0 0 0 0 75 65 60 30 0 TEST E

Seeds of plant species selected from bluegrass (annual bluegrass, Poa annua), blackgrass (Alopecurus myosuroides), canarygrass (Phalaris minor), chickweed (common chickweed, Stellaria media), galium (catchweed bedstraw, Galium aparine), downy bromegrass (Bromus tectorum), field poppy (Papaver rhoeas), field violet (Viola arvensis), green foxtail (Setaria viridis), deadnettle (henbit deadnettle, Lamium amplexicaule), Italian ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum), kochia (Kochia scoparia), lambsquarters (Chenopodium album), oilseed rape (Brassica napus), pigweed (Amaranthus retroflexus), Russian thistle (Salsola iberica), chamomile (scentless chamomile, Matricaria inodora), speedwell (bird's-eye speedwell, Veronica persica), spring barley (Hordeum vulgare), spring wheat (Triticum aestivum), wild buckwheat (Polygonum convolvulus), wild mustard (Sinapis arvensis), wild oat (Avena fatua), wild radish (Raphanus raphanistrum), windgrass (Apera spica-venti), winter barley (Hordeum vulgare), and winter wheat (Triticum aestivum) were planted into a silt loam soil and treated preemergence with test chemicals formulated in a non-phytotoxic solvent mixture which included a surfactant. At the same time, these species were planted in pots containing Redi-Earth® planting medium (Scotts Company, 14111 Scottslawn Road, Marysville, Ohio 43041) comprising spaghnum peat moss, vermiculite, wetting agent and starter nutrients and treated with postemergence applications of the test chemicals formulated in the same manner. Plants ranged in height from 2 to 18 cm (1- to 4-leaf stage).

Treated plants and controls were maintained in a controlled growth environment for 7 to 21 days after which time all species were compared to controls and visually evaluated. Plant response ratings, summarized in Table E, are based on a scale of 0 to 100 where 0 is no effect and 100 is complete control. A dash (-) response means no test result.

TABLE E Compounds 35 53 55 62 144 145 168 200 Postemergence 125 g ai/ha Barley, Spring 25 10 20 25 45 30 25 35 Barley, Winter 30 10 10 35 45 40 15 25 Blackgrass 60 25 40 75 85 80 60 75 Bluegrass 60 5 25 60 65 70 15 70 Bromegrass, Downy 30 5 10 40 75 55 35 35 Buckwheat, Wild 95 95 95 100 100 100 100 100 Canarygrass 60 40 30 55 85 65 55 60 Chamomile 10 0 5 10 95 30 10 15 Chickweed 100 65 70 90 100 95 90 100 Deadnettle 80 65 80 70 — 100 80 90 Field Poppy 100 80 95 75 100 100 100 100 Field Violet 75 70 90 85 100 100 95 95 Foxtail, Green 55 25 60 65 100 98 75 55 Galium 85 75 85 90 100 100 85 90 Kochia 90 80 85 95 100 100 85 90 Lambsguarters 90 75 90 95 100 95 95 95 Mustard, Wild 100 95 95 100 100 100 95 100 Oat, Wild 60 25 50 60 90 80 65 35 Oilseed Rape 100 80 95 100 100 100 100 100 Pigweed 90 90 95 95 100 100 95 90 Radish, Wild 95 90 80 100 100 100 85 95 Russian Thistle — — — — 98 100 — — Ryegrass, Italian 60 5 20 35 65 40 25 40 Speedwell 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 Wheat, Spring 40 35 45 40 75 55 40 35 Wheat, Winter 40 35 40 35 70 55 35 25 Windgrass 40 20 40 65 55 60 40 45 62 g ai/ha Barley, Spring 10 10 15 20 35 20 15 25 Barley, Winter 5 5 5 20 35 30 10 20 Blackgrass 55 10 20 40 60 65 35 55 Bluegrass 40 5 15 55 55 65 10 55 Bromegrass, Downy 15 5 10 20 40 55 25 25 Buckwheat, Wild 90 90 95 95 100 100 95 95 Canarygrass 55 25 30 45 65 40 25 45 Chamomile 5 5 5 5 80 30 10 10 Chickweed 75 60 70 80 100 100 70 100 Deadnettle 70 60 70 65 — 100 75 80 Field Poppy 80 80 100 70 100 100 100 100 Field Violet 75 70 85 70 100 90 90 75 Foxtail, Green 55 10 50 25 80 40 60 45 Galium 75 75 80 75 100 98 80 75 Kochia 80 70 85 90 100 100 85 85 Lambsguarters 85 65 85 95 98 95 90 90 Mustard, Wild 85 95 95 100 100 100 95 100 Oat, Wild 35 10 40 35 65 40 40 30 Oilseed Rape 95 80 90 80 100 100 95 100 Pigweed 90 90 95 95 100 100 95 90 Radish, Wild 85 90 80 90 100 100 80 85 Russian Thistle — — — — 95 90 — — Ryegrass, Italian 25 5 15 30 40 25 20 25 Speedwell 100 95 100 100 100 100 90 100 Wheat, Spring 25 20 25 25 45 45 25 20 Wheat, Winter 25 15 30 30 35 35 25 15 Windgrass 30 10 25 30 25 20 25 35 31 g ai/ha Barley, Spring 5 5 10 15 25 15 15 15 Barley, Winter 0 5 0 10 20 15 10 10 Blackgrass 35 5 10 30 50 35 25 35 Bluegrass 20 0 0 35 45 60 5 35 Bromegrass, Downy 5 0 0 15 35 35 15 10 Buckwheat, Wild 85 65 95 80 95 100 95 70 Canarygrass 25 10 20 35 60 25 15 35 Chamomile 5 5 5 5 75 30 5 10 Chickweed 75 50 55 70 100 85 45 75 Deadnettle 60 30 50 35 — 100 55 60 Field Poppy 75 65 90 55 100 100 85 80 Field Violet 65 50 70 65 90 100 75 80 Foxtail, Green 35 10 45 20 50 30 60 35 Galium 80 75 85 70 95 95 75 75 Kochia 75 55 70 75 100 100 80 85 Lambsguarters 80 70 80 95 95 90 85 85 Mustard, Wild 85 75 85 100 100 100 95 95 Oat, Wild 15 5 15 25 25 30 10 20 Oilseed Rape 80 75 75 80 100 100 85 85 Pigweed 90 85 90 90 100 100 80 90 Radish, Wild 75 60 70 70 100 100 75 80 Russian Thistle — — — — 90 85 — — Ryegrass, Italian 5 0 20 20 15 10 10 10 Speedwell 100 60 80 95 100 100 75 100 Wheat, Spring 10 10 15 20 35 35 20 10 Wheat, Winter 15 5 15 20 30 20 10 5 Windgrass 25 5 10 20 20 10 15 20 16 g ai/ha Barley, Spring 5 5 10 10 15 15 10 10 Barley, Winter 0 5 0 5 30 15 5 5 Blackgrass 20 0 5 15 25 25 15 15 Bluegrass 15 0 0 10 25 15 10 20 Bromegrass, Downy 5 0 5 10 25 25 5 5 Buckwheat, Wild 75 70 65 75 100 100 65 65 Canarygrass 10 5 10 25 35 15 15 10 Chamomile 5 5 5 0 80 20 5 5 Chickweed 65 30 55 65 85 80 50 65 Deadnettle 40 20 20 35 — 100 20 50 Field Poppy 70 60 85 40 100 100 55 75 Field Violet 60 25 65 60 95 65 75 70 Foxtail, Green 20 10 30 15 40 15 20 25 Galium 70 75 70 70 80 95 75 70 Kochia 75 50 65 65 100 98 80 70 Lambsguarters 80 65 75 75 80 90 75 75 Mustard, Wild 90 65 70 75 100 100 75 75 Oat, Wild 10 5 10 15 20 15 5 10 Oilseed Rape 70 70 75 65 100 70 70 75 Pigweed 85 85 85 90 98 100 90 85 Radish, Wild 65 60 75 65 100 95 70 65 Russian Thistle — — — — 85 80 — — Ryegrass, Italian 0 0 20 10 5 5 5 5 Speedwell 75 60 75 70 100 100 80 70 Wheat, Spring 0 10 5 5 25 30 10 5 Wheat, Winter 5 5 0 10 20 15 5 0 Windgrass 10 5 5 10 10 5 10 10 Preemergence 125 g ai/ha Barley, Spring — 35 50 0 65 80 35 — Barley, Winter — 25 35 5 55 85 40 — Blackgrass 95 30 100 65 100 75 100 100 Bluegrass 70 25 100 75 85 90 100 100 Bromegrass, Downy 25 15 55 20 55 60 40 80 Buckwheat, Wild 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 Canarygrass 100 95 100 90 100 100 100 100 Chamomile 70 — — 65 100 100 — 75 Chickweed 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 Deadnettle 95 65 0 100 100 100 100 100 Field Poppy 90 100 100 100 100 100 100 95 Field Violet 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 Foxtail, Green 100 55 100 85 100 100 100 100 Galium 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 Kochia 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 Lambsguarters 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 Mustard, Wild 95 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 Oat, Wild 35 25 45 20 75 85 50 75 Oilseed Rape 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 Pigweed 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 Radish, Wild 100 90 100 100 100 100 100 95 Russian Thistle — — — — 100 100 — — Ryegrass, Italian 75 25 50 25 100 70 75 85 Speedwell 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 Wheat, Spring — 10 35 10 55 70 30 — Wheat, Winter — 30 20 5 35 75 30 — Windgrass 100 50 100 50 100 98 100 100 62 g ai/ha Barley, Spring — 35 45 0 45 45 30 — Barley, Winter — 30 10 5 55 30 25 — Blackgrass 65 25 60 15 98 60 100 90 Bluegrass 35 20 10 10 40 10 80 95 Bromegrass, Downy 35 15 55 10 35 35 10 45 Buckwheat, Wild 90 100 100 80 100 85 100 100 Canarygrass 95 65 100 50 100 100 100 100 Chamomile 70 — — 60 100 100 — 60 Chickweed 95 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 Deadnettle 95 50 0 40 100 100 80 100 Field Poppy 90 100 100 100 100 100 100 95 Field Violet 90 60 100 35 100 100 100 — Foxtail, Green 90 20 100 65 95 55 100 100 Galium 100 60 70 65 100 100 100 55 Kochia 100 55 100 85 100 100 100 100 Lambsguarters 90 100 100 95 100 100 100 100 Mustard, Wild 95 100 100 95 100 100 95 85 Oat, Wild 45 10 35 15 65 30 35 30 Oilseed Rape 100 100 100 65 100 100 65 100 Pigweed 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 Radish, Wild 100 100 100 95 100 85 100 95 Russian Thistle — — — — 100 60 — — Ryegrass, Italian 35 25 50 15 70 50 30 30 Speedwell 100 100 100 95 100 100 100 100 Wheat, Spring — 10 15 0 40 20 20 — Wheat, Winter — 25 10 0 25 25 10 — Windgrass 85 35 100 50 100 75 100 100 31 g ai/ha Barley, Spring — 35 10 0 25 25 15 — Barley, Winter — 10 10 0 35 15 5 — Blackgrass 60 10 15 15 75 50 35 75 Bluegrass 35 10 10 5 15 0 10 70 Bromegrass, Downy 35 15 20 0 10 20 10 35 Buckwheat, Wild 75 100 100 35 100 100 65 75 Canarygrass 55 20 20 0 80 75 15 55 Chamomile 10 — — 65 20 100 — 25 Chickweed 100 100 100 75 100 100 80 90 Deadnettle 80 10 0 20 100 100 50 90 Field Poppy 80 100 100 75 100 100 100 90 Field Violet 70 25 80 10 100 100 100 50 Foxtail, Green 90 10 25 40 35 45 100 25 Galium 55 30 100 60 70 100 60 25 Kochia 65 15 100 5 100 100 100 100 Lambsguarters 85 75 100 85 100 100 100 85 Mustard, Wild 60 100 100 80 100 100 80 95 Oat, Wild 0 0 15 10 30 30 10 0 Oilseed Rape 95 75 100 25 80 100 40 100 Pigweed 95 20 100 100 100 100 100 100 Radish, Wild 95 70 100 40 80 15 45 70 Russian Thistle — — — — 65 10 — — Ryegrass, Italian 25 10 0 0 25 20 0 25 Speedwell 100 70 100 95 100 100 100 100 Wheat, Spring — 5 15 0 15 15 15 — Wheat, Winter — 15 10 0 15 20 10 — Windgrass 80 15 25 15 75 25 15 55 16 g ai/ha Barley, Spring — 35 10 0 10 15 0 — Barley, Winter — 15 5 0 30 10 0 — Blackgrass 30 10 0 5 15 10 10 25 Bluegrass 0 10 0 0 10 0 0 20 Bromegrass, Downy 0 0 20 0 10 10 0 10 Buckwheat, Wild 60 65 65 25 85 100 0 65 Canarygrass 40 10 10 0 35 40 15 10 Chamomile 5 — — 0 15 5 — 25 Chickweed 55 100 65 65 100 100 100 70 Deadnettle 35 10 0 15 90 0 10 60 Field Poppy 75 100 100 65 100 100 80 80 Field Violet 15 50 70 0 95 100 85 — Foxtail, Green 5 10 10 20 20 0 10 — Galium 25 25 10 5 20 25 60 15 Kochia 25 10 55 0 98 60 35 70 Lambsguarters 65 60 95 35 100 100 45 10 Mustard, Wild 20 90 80 25 90 95 80 85 Oat, Wild 0 0 0 0 35 25 10 0 Oilseed Rape 60 50 20 10 35 50 10 60 Pigweed 90 30 75 95 100 100 55 100 Radish, Wild 100 50 70 25 80 15 0 80 Russian Thistle — — — — 15 0 — — Ryegrass, Italian 0 10 0 0 10 10 0 0 Speedwell 100 100 100 95 100 95 100 100 Wheat, Spring — 5 15 0 5 15 15 — Wheat, Winter — 15 5 0 0 0 5 — Windgrass 35 0 5 0 10 10 0 15 TEST F

Seeds of plant species selected from corn (Zea mays), soybean (Glycine max), velvetleaf (Abutilon theophrasti), lambsquarters (Chenopodium album), wild poinsettia (Euphorbia heterophylla), palmer pigweed (Amaranthus palmeri), waterhemp (common waterhemp, Amaranthus rudis), surinam grass (Brachiaria decumbens), large (Lg) crabgrass (Digitaria sanguinalis), Brazilian crabgrass (Digitaria horizontalis), fall panicum (Panicum dichotomiflorum), giant foxtail (Setaria faberii), green foxtail (Setaria viridis), goosegrass (Eleusine indica), johnsongrass (Sorghum halepense), ragweed (common ragweed, Ambrosia elatior), barnyardgrass (Echinochloa crus-galli), sandbur (southern sandbur, Cenchrus echinatus), arrowleaf sida (Sida rhombifolia), Italian ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum), dayflower (Virginia (VA) dayflower, Commelina virginica), field bindweed (Convolvulus arvensis), cocklebur (common cocklebur, Xanthium strumarium), morningglory (Ipomoea coccinea), nightshade (eastern black nightshade, Solanum ptycanthum), kochia (Kochia scoparia), yellow nutsedge (Cyperus esculentus), and hairy beggarticks (Bidens pilosa), were planted into a silt loam soil and treated preemergence with test chemicals formulated in a non-phytotoxic solvent mixture which included a surfactant.

At the same time, plants from these crop and weed species and also waterhemp_RES1, (ALS & Triazine resistant common waterhemp, Amaranthus rudis), and waterhemp_RES2, (ALS & HPPD resistant common waterhemp, Amaranthus rudis) were treated with postemergence applications of test chemicals formulated in the same manner. Plants ranged in height from 2 to 18 cm for postemergence treatments (1- to 4-leaf stage).

Treated plants and controls were maintained in a greenhouse for 14 to 21 days, after which time all species were compared to controls and visually evaluated. Plant response ratings, summarized in Table F, are based on a scale of 0 to 100 where 0 is no effect and 100 is complete control. A dash (-) response means no test result.

TABLE F 125 g ai/ha Compounds Postemergence 35 53 58 62 96 144 145 149 179 200 212 221 Arrowleaf Sida 98 98 90 98 95 100 95 98 100 95 100 98 Barnyardgrass 20 10 5 20 20 75 70 10 0 25 10 70 Beggarticks 70 60 65 80 40 75 70 50 50 10 40 70 Corn 20 10 5 10 10 10 20 15 15 25 0 20 Crabgrass, Brazil 40 20 10 10 25 55 50 25 30 20 35 75 Dayflower, VA 80 60 10 65 70 85 85 50 — 35 50 80 Field Bindweed 70 60 50 75 50 90 90 75 50 35 70 80 Horseweed — — — — 10 25 40 20 10 — 10 30 Kochia — 98 75 — 95 95 100 95 95 — 100 100 Panicum, Fall 50 60 15 60 25 60 80 40 10 15 10 60 Pigweed, Palmer 100 100 60 100 90 100 100 100 85 100 98 100 Poinsettia, Wild 80 70 60 50 50 65 80 70 35 80 60 80 Ragweed — — — — 40 90 70 35 50 — 50 80 Ryegrass, Italian 0 0 0 10 10 40 15 5 0 20 0 5 Sandbur 0 10 10 0 0 20 15 10 10 5 10 0 Soybean 98 95 95 85 80 95 95 90 90 90 95 95 Waterhemp 100 100 90 100 95 100 100 98 100 100 100 100 Waterhemp RES1 100 100 75 100 95 100 100 100 100 98 98 98 Waterhemp RES2 100 100 80 100 95 100 100 100 100 98 100 100 Compounds Postemergence 35 53 55 58 62 96 144 145 149 179 200 212 221 62 g ai/ha Arrowleaf Sida 98 100 100 75 98 90 100 98 95 85 95 85 98 Barnyardgrass 10 0 35 0 20 20 50 50 10 0 15 0 30 Beggarticks 65 50 70 50 50 40 70 65 40 40 10 40 70 Corn 15 0 20 5 5 10 10 20 10 10 20 0 10 Crabgrass, Brazil 35 20 30 10 15 20 40 40 20 20 20 30 45 Dayflower, VA 50 50 — 20 25 70 60 75 40 — 15 40 80 Field Bindweed 50 50 70 30 50 20 80 80 50 35 35 60 — Horseweed — — 20 — — 0 10 20 10 10 — 15 10 Kochia — 95 98 60 — 75 95 95 90 90 — 100 100 Panicum, Fall 50 15 30 10 10 10 35 50 20 15 5 10 40 Pigweed, Palmer 100 100 98 70 100 95 100 100 98 85 100 100 100 Poinsettia, Wild 50 70 45 50 50 60 70 80 60 20 60 50 70 Ragweed — — 55 — — 20 85 60 30 40 — 30 70 Ryegrass, Italian 0 5 10 0 10 0 20 10 10 0 15 0 0 Sandbur 0 5 15 0 0 0 20 5 15 5 0 0 0 Soybean 95 95 95 90 65 40 98 95 90 75 65 75 98 Waterhemp 100 100 100 80 100 100 100 100 95 95 98 95 95 Waterhemp RES1 100 95 100 70 100 95 100 100 90 100 95 95 100 Waterhemp RES2 100 100 100 75 100 90 100 100 100 100 98 98 95 31 g ai/ha Arrowleaf Sida 95 98 95 60 95 80 100 95 85 80 85 70 90 Barnyardgrass 0 0 50 0 20 10 30 25 5 0 0 0 25 Beggarticks 60 40 55 50 10 30 60 50 30 50 5 40 60 Corn 15 0 15 0 0 5 5 10 10 0 10 0 10 Crabgrass, Brazil 30 15 40 5 10 5 50 20 20 20 15 30 25 Dayflower, VA 40 30 70 10 5 40 50 60 20 — 25 20 70 Field Bindweed 35 50 25 20 35 10 75 75 50 25 35 40 75 Horseweed — — 15 — — 0 0 20 20 0 — 0 5 Kochia — 80 95 30 — 75 95 100 80 75 — 90 98 Panicum, Fall 40 20 40 0 5 15 30 10 20 10 5 0 15 Pigweed, Palmer 95 90 98 50 95 80 100 100 95 90 98 75 90 Poinsettia, Wild 50 60 35 60 40 30 50 75 40 15 40 40 75 Ragweed — — 55 — — 20 50 50 40 40 — 20 60 Ryegrass, Italian 0 0 0 0 0 0 20 5 10 0 0 0 0 Sandbur 0 0 25 0 0 0 15 5 5 0 0 0 0 Soybean 85 95 70 70 40 — 95 95 85 50 40 50 95 Waterhemp 90 98 90 65 100 90 100 98 95 95 95 90 98 Waterhemp RES1 90 90 100 65 100 90 95 98 85 90 90 80 95 Waterhemp RES2 95 90 100 70 100 90 100 90 95 100 95 95 98 16 g ai/ha Compounds Postemergence 35 53 58 62 96 144 145 149 179 200 212 221 Arrowleaf Sida 80 90 70 80 70 100 95 75 70 75 75 80 Barnyardgrass 0 0 0 15 0 10 10 0 0 0 0 15 Beggarticks 50 30 40 5 0 70 55 5 20 0 25 50 Corn 10 0 0 0 0 10 5 0 5 0 0 5 Crabgrass, Brazil 20 10 5 0 0 40 20 20 10 10 20 20 Dayflower, VA 40 40 5 0 20 50 50 10 — 0 30 60 Field Bindweed 30 55 10 40 5 70 70 60 15 20 30 70 Horseweed — — — — 0 0 0 0 0 — 0 0 Kochia — 60 40 — 65 95 98 60 65 — 50 95 Panicum, Fall 40 5 0 0 0 25 10 10 15 5 0 10 Pigweed, Palmer 75 65 50 70 70 90 95 65 70 95 30 85 Poinsettia, Wild 40 50 30 35 0 50 70 50 15 50 35 65 Ragweed — — — — 15 50 30 10 45 — 20 50 Ryegrass, Italian 0 0 0 0 0 10 10 0 0 0 0 0 Sandbur 0 0 0 0 0 10 5 0 0 0 0 0 Soybean 80 80 50 20 40 65 95 50 60 20 50 60 Waterhemp 85 95 60 90 75 100 95 85 70 80 90 90 Waterhemp RES1 80 85 20 85 85 90 95 80 90 75 70 85 Waterhemp RES2 90 80 60 80 85 98 95 95 95 95 70 90 8 g ai/ha Compounds Postemergence 35 53 58 62 200 Arrowleaf Sida 60 70 50 65 65 Barnyardgrass 0 0 0 10 0 Beggarticks 50 15 40 5 0 Corn 10 0 0 0 0 Crabgrass, Brazil 10 0 5 0 10 Dayflower, VA 10 30 5 0 0 Field Bindweed 20 30 10 40 20 Kochia — 50 30 — — Panicum, Fall 30 0 15 0 5 Pigweed, Palmer 60 70 50 90 85 Poinsettia, Wild 30 50 30 25 35 Ryegrass, Italian 0 0 0 0 0 Sandbur 0 0 0 0 0 Soybean 70 40 50 10 15 Waterhemp 70 80 65 80 75 Waterhemp RES1 90 70 10 80 70 Waterhemp RES2 90 70 65 80 75 125 g ai/ha Compounds Preemergence 35 53 58 62 96 144 145 149 168 179 200 Arrowleaf Sida 100 100 98 100 90 100 98 100 100 90 100 Barnyardgrass 65 50 15 25 0 100 75 35 100 5 60 Beggarticks 50 20 20 0 20 0 25 0 0 0 0 Cocklebur 0 — — — — — — — — — — Corn 20 15 0 0 0 35 60 0 35 40 0 Crabgrass, Brazil 100 90 75 100 5 100 100 85 100 25 100 Crabgrass, Large 100 98 80 98 95 100 100 85 100 60 100 Dayflower, VA 95 95 80 80 20 95 70 40 90 85 90 Field Bindweed 50 0 0 0 40 70 95 25 70 0 30 Foxtail, Giant 100 95 40 75 20 100 100 85 100 20 100 Foxtail, Green 98 90 25 90 25 100 100 50 100 15 100 Goosegrass 95 60 75 75 60 100 95 60 100 0 98 Johnsongrass 65 5 20 40 98 70 85 15 100 10 90 Kochia 100 100 30 95 90 100 100 90 100 98 100 Lambsguarters 100 98 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 Morningglory 65 0 10 50 25 95 35 10 75 25 15 Nightshade 100 98 98 100 90 100 98 100 98 100 98 Nutsedge, Yellow 35 20 0 0 0 0 0 15 20 0 35 Panicum, Fall 100 98 100 100 70 100 100 100 100 75 100 Pigweed, Palmer — 100 35 100 100 100 100 100 100 65 100 Poinsettia, Wild 40 0 20 35 25 35 65 35 90 0 70 Ragweed 70 40 75 35 35 85 80 20 98 0 40 Ryegrass, Italian 70 0 0 40 30 100 90 40 70 10 40 Sandbur 65 0 0 35 30 95 95 10 90 0 75 Soybean 90 35 75 40 0 75 40 30 40 35 50 Surinam Grass 35 0 0 10 0 80 25 15 100 0 35 Velvetleaf 100 100 100 100 80 100 100 100 100 100 100 Waterhemp 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 Compounds Preemergence 35 53 55 58 62 96 144 145 149 168 179 200 62 g ai/ha Arrowleaf Sida 100 100 100 75 95 80 100 98 65 100 80 100 Barnyardgrass 10 20 85 0 0 0 70 30 15 80 0 30 Beggarticks 20 30 0 10 0 0 0 30 0 0 0 0 Corn 0 0 40 0 0 0 40 40 0 40 0 0 Crabgrass, Brazil 100 85 100 35 100 0 98 95 35 100 15 100 Crabgrass, Large 75 80 100 65 70 65 100 98 70 98 35 95 Dayflower, VA 90 50 40 — 30 0 85 35 5 70 35 70 Field Bindweed 50 0 10 0 0 60 65 65 35 50 0 30 Foxtail, Giant 70 70 98 0 65 0 95 85 40 100 30 100 Foxtail, Green 75 20 70 0 40 35 98 100 50 100 0 100 Goosegrass 75 10 50 5 5 40 95 80 40 98 0 95 Johnsongrass 35 0 90 0 35 50 30 100 0 35 10 35 Kochia 100 50 100 0 35 65 100 100 75 100 70 80 Lambsguarters 100 95 100 90 95 100 100 100 100 100 100 98 Morningglory 30 0 98 10 0 35 65 15 0 15 35 0 Nightshade 98 98 98 90 98 65 100 98 98 98 100 98 Nutsedge, Yellow 10 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 10 Panicum, Fall 100 95 100 90 95 50 100 95 98 100 50 98 Pigweed, Palmer — 100 100 35 100 100 100 100 100 100 35 100 Poinsettia, Wild 70 0 30 20 25 0 20 65 0 50 0 60 Ragweed 40 30 50 25 40 50 95 65 35 65 0 35 Ryegrass, Italian 65 0 30 0 0 30 40 40 20 65 0 20 Sandbur 40 0 0 0 0 40 50 25 0 65 0 40 Soybean 70 0 50 35 10 0 40 15 0 20 0 30 Surinam Grass 20 0 10 0 15 0 75 0 15 70 0 10 Velvetleaf 100 100 100 100 100 80 100 100 85 100 90 100 Waterhemp 100 100 100 90 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 31 g ai/ha Arrowleaf Sida 100 65 98 35 70 70 100 90 35 100 80 100 Barnyardgrass 20 0 10 0 0 0 20 5 0 25 0 0 Beggarticks 20 0 0 0 0 0 0 35 0 0 0 0 Cocklebur 0 — — — — — — — — — — — Corn 30 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Crabgrass, Brazil 98 5 75 0 75 0 95 80 15 100 0 98 Crabgrass, Large 75 15 98 50 25 30 100 95 0 95 0 85 Dayflower, VA 65 0 60 0 0 0 30 0 0 10 0 50 Field Bindweed 50 0 0 0 0 0 60 50 50 60 0 30 Foxtail, Giant 70 20 90 0 35 0 90 65 20 98 0 65 Foxtail, Green 30 0 20 0 10 30 95 40 0 100 0 98 Goosegrass 60 0 5 5 0 40 60 70 0 95 0 80 Johnsongrass 0 0 20 0 20 60 0 20 0 30 0 5 Kochia 85 20 100 0 20 0 100 98 0 100 0 50 Lambsguarters 100 95 100 65 95 100 100 100 0 100 100 98 Morningglory 0 0 30 10 0 35 0 10 0 0 0 0 Nightshade 98 90 98 80 70 0 98 80 80 98 65 60 Nutsedge, Yellow 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Panicum, Fall 100 0 90 65 0 40 100 80 80 95 0 35 Pigweed, Palmer — 90 75 0 75 98 100 100 90 100 0 100 Poinsettia, Wild 35 0 0 20 30 0 0 0 0 0 0 20 Ragweed 0 0 40 0 25 20 0 70 25 35 0 10 Ryegrass, Italian 15 0 0 0 0 0 0 20 0 30 0 0 Sandbur 10 0 0 0 0 10 10 35 0 30 0 5 Soybean 40 0 40 20 0 0 10 0 0 0 0 20 Surinam Grass 0 0 0 0 15 0 75 0 0 65 0 0 Velvetleaf 70 90 100 100 75 60 100 98 70 75 65 80 Waterhemp 100 95 100 75 98 100 100 100 100 100 95 100 16 g ai/ha Compounds Preemergence 35 53 58 62 96 144 145 149 168 179 200 Arrowleaf Sida 80 20 0 20 50 95 65 0 95 0 65 Barnyardgrass 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Beggarticks 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Corn 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Crabgrass, Brazil 95 0 0 0 0 75 5 0 65 0 90 Crabgrass, Large 60 0 20 0 0 80 10 0 65 0 50 Dayflower, VA 25 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 5 0 15 Field Bindweed 35 0 0 0 0 40 0 0 40 0 0 Foxtail, Giant 10 0 0 15 0 15 0 0 65 0 35 Foxtail, Green 0 0 0 0 25 25 5 0 70 0 10 Goosegrass 0 0 0 0 50 75 0 0 80 0 70 Johnsongrass 0 0 0 0 20 0 0 0 0 0 0 Kochia 40 0 0 — 0 98 75 0 95 0 25 Lambsguarters 98 65 0 90 5 100 100 — 100 98 0 Morningglory 0 0 0 0 35 0 0 0 0 0 0 Nightshade 95 35 65 0 0 98 90 0 5 — 35 Nutsedge, Yellow 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Panicum, Fall 35 0 35 0 — 95 65 0 35 0 70 Pigweed, Palmer — 0 0 80 80 100 100 25 98 0 85 Poinsettia, Wild 30 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Ragweed 0 0 0 20 0 0 0 20 10 0 0 Ryegrass, Italian 0 0 0 0 0 0 25 0 15 0 0 Sandbur 10 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 10 0 5 Soybean 35 0 10 0 0 — 0 0 0 0 0 Surinam Grass 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 50 0 0 Velvetleaf 70 65 70 35 0 80 35 10 35 15 25 Waterhemp 100 0 75 85 40 98 100 35 100 95 98 8 g ai/ha Compounds Preemergence 35 53 58 62 200 Arrowleaf Sida 50 0 20 0 0 Barnyardgrass 0 0 0 0 0 Beggarticks 0 0 0 0 0 Corn 0 0 0 0 0 Crabgrass, Brazil 0 0 0 0 0 Crabgrass, Large 0 0 0 0 0 Dayflower, VA 0 0 0 0 0 Field Bindweed 0 0 0 0 0 Foxtail, Giant 0 0 0 0 0 Foxtail, Green 0 0 0 0 0 Goosegrass 0 0 0 0 10 Johnsongrass 0 0 0 0 0 Kochia 0 0 0 10 20 Lambsguarters 90 65 — 70 0 Morningglory 0 0 0 0 0 Nightshade 75 — 0 0 0 Nutsedge, Yellow 0 0 0 0 0 Panicum, Fall 0 0 0 0 0 Pigweed, Palmer — 0 0 10 0 Poinsettia, Wild 20 0 0 0 0 Ragweed 0 0 0 0 0 Ryegrass, Italian 0 0 0 0 0 Sandbur 0 0 0 0 0 Soybean 0 0 0 0 0 Surinam Grass 0 0 0 0 0 Velvetleaf 40 0 20 0 0 Waterhemp 100 0 20 80 70 TEST G

Three plastic pots (ca. 16-cm diameter) per rate were partially filled with sterilized Tama silt loam soil comprising a 35:50:15 ratio of sand, silt and clay and 2.6% organic matter. Separate plantings for each of the three pots were as follows. Seeds from the U.S. of monochoria (Monochorea vaginalis), small-flower umbrella sedge (Cyperus difformis), hardstem bulrush (Scirpus juncoides), and redstem (purple redstem, Ammannia coccinea), were planted into one 16-cm pot for each rate. Seeds from the U.S. of rice flatsedge (Cyperus iria), bearded sprangletop (Leptochloa fascicularis), one stand of 9 or 10 water seeded rice seedlings (Indica rice, Oryza sativa), and two stands of 3 or 4 transplanted rice seedlings (Oryza sativa cv. ‘Japonica-M202’) were planted into one 16-cm pot for each rate. Seeds from the U.S. of barnyardgrass (Echinochloa crus-galli), and late watergrass (Echinochloa oryzicola) were planted into one 16-cm pot for each rate. Plantings were sequential so that crop and weed species were at the 2.0 to 2.5-leaf stage at time of treatment.

Potted plants were grown in a greenhouse with day/night temperature settings of 30/27° C., and supplemental balanced lighting was provided to maintain a 16-hour photoperiod. Test pots were maintained in the greenhouse until test completion.

At time of treatment, test pots were flooded to 3 cm above the soil surface, treated by application of test compounds directly to the paddy water, and then maintained at that water depth for the duration of the test. Effects of treatments on rice and weeds were visually evaluated by comparison to untreated controls after 21 days. Plant response ratings, summarized in Table G, are based on a scale of 0 to 100 where 0 is no effect and 100 is complete control. A dash (-) response means no test result.

TABLE G Compounds Compounds 250 g ai/ha 35 55 125 g ai/ha 35 55 Flood Flood Barnyardgrass 100 100 Barnyardgrass 100 100 Bulrush, Hardstem 100 100 Bulrush, Hardstem 100 100 Flatsedge, Rice 100 100 Flatsedge, Rice 100 100 Monochoria 100 100 Monochoria 100 100 Redstem 100 100 Redstem 90 100 Rice, Transplanted 100 100 Rice, Transplanted 45 80 Rice, Water Seeded 100 100 Rice, Water Seeded 100 100 Sedge, Umbrella 100 100 Sedge, Umbrella 100 100 Sprangletop, Brdd. 100 100 Sprangletop, Brdd. 100 100 Watergrass, Late 100 100 Watergrass, Late 40 75 Compounds Compounds 64 g ai/ha 35 55 32 g ai/ha 35 55 Flood Flood Barnyardgrass 45 75 Barnyardgrass 30 0 Bulrush, Hardstem 95 100 Bulrush, Hardstem 0 80 Flatsedge, Rice 100 100 Flatsedge, Rice 100 85 Monochoria 100 100 Monochoria 98 100 Redstem 85 95 Redstem 0 85 Rice, Transplanted 30 60 Rice, Transplanted 15 20 Rice, Water Seeded 70 100 Rice, Water Seeded 60 45 Sedge, Umbrella 98 100 Sedge, Umbrella 0 98 Sprangletop, Brdd. 100 80 Sprangletop, Brdd. 60 45 Watergrass, Late 30 0 Watergrass, Late 0 0 

What is claimed is:
 1. A method for preparing a compound of Formula 1,

wherein Q is

r is 1; Z is 0; R¹ is halogen, or C₁-C₄ haloalkyl; R² is halogen; m is 0, 1 or 2; each R³ is independently halogen; each R³ is attached to the remainder of Formula 1 at the 3-, 4- or 6-position; comprising heating a compound of Formula 2

wherein Q is

r is 1; Z is 0; R^(A) is H; R¹ is halogen or C₁-C₄ haloalkyl; each R³ is independently halogen; each R³ is attached to the remainder of Formula 2 at the 3-, 4- or 6-position; with a compound of Formula 3

wherein LG comprises a halogen or SO₂CH₃; and R² is halogen; in the presence of a base in a suitable solvent.
 2. The method of claim 1 wherein in the compound of Formula 1 R² is F, Cl or Br; m is 0 or 1; and each R³ is attached to the remainder of Formula 1 at the 3- or 4-position; and in the compound of Formula 2 m is 0 or 1; and each R³ is attached to the remainder of Formula 1 at the 3- or 4-position and in the compound of Formula 3 R² is F, Cl, or Br.
 3. The method of claim 2 wherein in the compound of Formula 3 LG is halogen.
 4. The method of claim 2 wherein in the compound of Formula 3 LG is SO₂CH₃.
 5. The method of claim 1 wherein in the compound of Formula 3 LG is halogen.
 6. The method of claim 1 wherein in the compound of Formula 3 LG is SO₂CH₃.
 7. The method of claim 1 wherein the compound of Formula 1 is selected from the group consisting of 2-[2-(3-bromo-5-isoxazolyl)phenoxyl]-5-chloropyrimidine, 5-chloro-2-[2-]3-(difluoromethyl)-5-isoxazolyl]phenoxy]pyrimidine, 5-chloro-2-[2-[3-(trifluoromethyl)-5-isoxazolyl]phenoxy]pyrimidine, 5-chloro-2-[2-[3-(difluoromethyl)-5-isoxazolyl]-3-fluorophenoxy]pyrimidine, 5-bromo-2-[2-[3-(difluoromethyl)-5-isoxazolyl]-3-fluorophenoxy]pyrimidine, 5-chloro-2-[2-[3-(trifluoromethyl)-5-isoxazolyl]-3-chlorophenoxy]pyrimidine, 5-chloro-2-[2-[3-(trifluoromethyl)-5-isoxazolyl]-3-fluorophenoxy]pyrimidine, 5-chloro-242-[3-(difluoromethyl)-5-isoxazolyl]-3-chlorophenoxy]pyrimidine, 5-bromo-2-[2-[3-(difluoromethyl)-5-isoxazolyl]-3-chlorophenoxy]pyrimidine, 5-bromo-2-[2-[3-(trifluoromethyl)-5-isoxazolyl]-3-chlorophenoxy]pyrimidine, and 5-chloro-242-[3-(difluoromethyl)-5-isoxazolyl]-3-bromophenoxy]pyrimidine.
 8. A compound that is 3-difluoromethyl-5-(2-fluoro-6-methoxyphenyl)isoxazole.
 9. A compound that is 2-(3-difluoromethyl-5-isoxazolyl)-3-fluorophenol. 